0006 finishing materials

Design of Interior Spaces

1. Course Title: Design of Interior Spaces Sem . I 2017/2018 Lecture No: 6 Finishing Materials : Categories , Characteristics and Selection Suez University Faculty of Industrial Education

2. 3- Wall Finishes 4- Ceiling Finishes Lecture Topics: 2- Floor Finishes 5- Sourcing Materials 1- Introduction

3. Introduction Materials have the unique ability to help us connect at an elemental level through touch and sight with the intent and soul of a project. The look or feel of a material can communicate mood and emotion in a very special way Natural materials (wood and stone, for example) suggest a certain quality and honesty about the design , whether or not the materials are expensive. In addition to this emotional response to materials, the designer needs to consider the practical aspects of the material choice, but this is another instance where it is the designer ’s responsibility to find the balance between practicality and aesthetics .

4. Core Materials Stone provides a real connection to ‘earth’, and has an open, honest quality . Often limestone, slate, granite and marble are the first choices of stone, but even within these basic forms the variety is infinite . Surface finishes show off natural pattern to best advantage. Make full use of the expertise of suppliers when judging which material is appropriate and how it can be shaped, fixed and finished . Wood is another elemental material that connects us to nature . Broadly speaking, wood may be supplied as solid timber cut straight from a felled tree, or it may be in the form of timber products such as plywood and MDF . Timber products (sometimes called panel products) can have many different surface treatments applied ( real wood veneers , spray paint, powder coating) but their use can feel ‘ cheap’ and dishonest to some clients. Wood has a warmth and beauty that is hard to match. Metal finishes can be supremely practical in some situations and they can also be very decorative. Different types of metal have different visual qualities that the designer can exploit . It gives an interior a sense of modernity, strength and usually also a masculine edge. Some surface finishes are not as durable as might be imagined, so careful selection is needed. Fabrication of some items can also prove costly and time consuming, and it pays to work closely from the outset with the people that know this material well.

5. Specialist finishes add a distinctive feel to an interior scheme. Commissioning pieces from craftspeople allows the designer to inject a scheme with a unique element. A plain metallic surface that has been simply engraved to create pattern and texture. Finishes such as this can be used in many applications – they can be used in furniture manufacture or applied to walls, for example. Architectural metal mesh is a relatively new material that has many decorative and practical possibilities. The meshes come in different weave patterns, and many can be wrapped around a structure or framework.

6. Beautiful and simply expressed materials are powerful tools for the designer and can evoke all sorts of responses in the viewer. Here, the rosewood face of a peninsular kitchen unit meets the terrazzo floor. A small separation between the two materials allows the inclusion of concealed lights, making the unit appear to float over the floor. Concrete , an apparently utilitarian and coarse material , is made delicate by this engraved floral pattern . Any discord between our expectations of a material and the reality that we come across peaks our interest and fascination with the material. Concrete is a material with lots of possibilities that can be used in various interior applications. The lower floor of this London restaurant is intended for private functions and hence is more moody and intimate than the ground floor above. The brass screen to the staircase picks up the flickering flame of the mirror-framed fi replace that is the focal point of the room. This is a good example of a rich but well-balanced palette of materials.

7. (Function)

8. Finish given to the wall to enhance the exterior look of the structure.  Wall finishes used for the interiors are quite delicate and need maintenance.  The new contemporary trend has brought about great deal of increase in the usage various types of wall finishes for the aesthetic purpose.  Concrete, masonry wall may be left exposed or plastered .  Wood or metal stud walls can support a variety of finishes .

9. Cement Textured Finish: This is a decorative finish and its mortar is prepared in cement based material. It is applied faced plaster with a trowel and after that it is coloured with paint. Cement plastered Finish: It is prepared in the form of mortar with cement, sand and water in proper proportions and masonry manually to achieve a smooth finish or sand faced finish .

10. Transparent Paint layer  Can be applied in multiple layers to create a complex coloured surfaces.  A coloured glaze can be applied in a broken pattern with a rag or sponge, dragged with a tool, or painted as colour wash. Stenciling  Can be used to apply border or larger repeating patterns

11. Distressing Techniques  These are used to give a painted surface the appearance of wear and tear.

12. Wood wall panels  Consists of a series of thin sheets of wood framed together by strips of wood.  The vertical strips are know as stiles and the horizontal one as rails.  Wood panels include solid lumber paneling, wood veneer paneling and plastic laminate faced wood paneling.  Solid wood offers durability and create texture .

13. Mosaic Tiles  Mosaic tiles are one of the most attractive wall coverings.  The very small size of the tiles can create great compositions by pieces with different hues.  Can also be used as wall decorative element and be combined with ceramic tiles of more big size.  The size of the one glass tile is 10×10 mm and before application these tiles are mounted on berglass sheet of 327 x 327 mm.  Mosaic tiles are more difficult to fix than usual ceramic wall tiles but these glass tiles can create an amazing energizing effect and give unlimited creative freedom.

14. Flexible wall coverings Plastered walls and gypsum board walls can be finished with a variety of flexible wall covering.  Examples: ⁻ Wallpapers ⁻ Cloth/paper backed vinyl wall covering ⁻ Fabrics ⁻ Cork

15. Wallpapers  Wallpapers have a paper face and a paper back.  It is not commonly used in commercial design as it is subject to soiling, abrasion and fading.

16. Sourcing materials Finding materials that are new and inspirational for the client . This will generally mean looking at specialist suppliers that are geared to dealing largely with designers and architects, rather than the general public. It doesn’t necessarily follow that exclusive must be expensive, but this will often be the case. For projects with smaller budgets, the designer may need to be ingenious in their sourcing and use of materials if the feeling of exclusivity is to be maintained , but it is still possible to create memorable interiors. Sourcing with a purpose – that is with a definite idea in mind about what it is that is required – will make sourcing expeditions efficient . It is still good practice to keep your mind open for the unexpected find though. Try to think how it might be possible to introduce unusual materials or common materials used for uncommon applications . Sourcing begins with the concept . Ask yourself what ideas you are trying to communicate, and what materials reinforce those ideas? For a city loft that is meant to mirror the professional and sophisticated outlook of the owner, brushed or polished metal, glass and leather might all be appropriate. In a home that is intended to provide a sanctuary from the bustle of the outside world, sheer fabric , mother of pearl and unfinished timber could all be good choices.

17. When looking for materials rather than specific items of furniture, it is possible to source different materials that support the concept without actually knowing at the time of sourcing where those materials will be used . Once a selection of materials is assembled, it can be edited, and materials assigned to different tasks within the scheme, all the while making sure that practical considerations are being taken into account.. Timescales during projects can be short, so it will help to be continually on the lookout for new and interesting ideas that could be used at some future date. While many designers now source via the Internet, there is still something to be said for the old practice of maintaining a product library in the form of printed brochures: information and samples that are categorized and filed away for reference. The product knowledge gained by looking at magazines and requesting information from manufacturers and suppliers will equip the designer with an easy source of ideas for use in projects.