01 Making of Indian constitution Class Notes Vikrant.pdf

Making of Indian constitution Class Notes Vikrant.

1. ForCDS-12023 Exam
Lecture 01
HistoryAndMakingOf
IndianConstitution
(POLITY)
PRATHMESHSIR

2. Topics To
Be
Covered
1.WhatisConstitution
2.HistoryofConstitution
3.DraftingCommittee
4.ConstituentAssembly
5.Schedulesof Indianconstitution

3. WhatIsConstitution?

4. WhatIsConstitution?

5. MakingOfIndianConstitution
•1922
•"Swara] will not be a free gift ofthe British Parliament;
itwillbeadeclarationof India’sfullself-expression.
ThatitwillbeexpressedthroughanActofParliament
Is truebutitwillbemerelya Courteousratificationof
the declaredwishof thepeopleofIndia evenasitwas
in thecaseof the UnionofSouthAfrica."

6. ManabendraNathRoy(1934)
▪In 1934M.N.Royfirstproposedtheideaofa constituentassemblyforIndia.
MakingOfIndianConstitution

7. MakingOfIndianConstitution
ThreeRound tableconference
▪Firstconference(1930-1931)
▪Secondconference(Sep1931-Dec1931)
▪Thirdconference(Nov1932–Dec 1932)

8. officialdemandedfor
IndianNationalCongress(INC)1935
▪In1935IndianNationalCongress
constituentAssembly.
MakingOfIndianConstitution

9. ▪JawaharlalNehru(1938)
▪OnbehalfoftheINC,JawaharlalNehru
declaredthat"theConstitutionoffree
Indiamust
interference,
beframed,withoutoutside
byaConstituentAssembly
elected onthebasisof adultfranchise".
▪AdultFranchise
▪withoutinterference
MakingOfIndianConstitution

10. WorldWarII(1939-1945)

11. •TheBritishgovernmentpulledIndiaintothe
warwithouttheconsentoftheIndians.
•IndiademandedcompleteIndependencefrom
colonialrule
•TheresponseoftheBritishGovernmenttothe
Indiandemands wascalled‘theAugustOffer’
•TherightofIndianstowritetheirown
constitutionwasrecognizedforthefirsttime.
AugustOffer(1940)
ViceroyLinlithgow

12. AugustOffer(1940)
•TheBritishgovernmentproposeddominion
status
•Viceroy'sCouncilwouldbe extended,allowing
moreIndianstoparticipate
•defense,finance,andhomeaffairs,aswell asall
Republicof Indiaservices.
•refusedtograntcompleteindependence

13. AugustOffer(1940)
▪AtWardhaINCRejectedtheoffer
▪Nehíusaid,“Dominionstatusconcept
isdeadasadooínail.”
▪Gandhisaidthatthedeclaíationhad
widenedthegulfbetweenthe
nationalistsandtheBíitishíuleís

14. Japan’s Statusin1942WorldWarII
Japan’s

15. CrippsMission-1942
▪HeadedbyStafford Cripps
▪electedConstituentAssemblyof theIndianpeople
▪DominionStatus,an equalpartnershipofthe
BritishCommonwealthofNations
▪Indiandefensesector
RighttoSecede

16. CrippsMission-1942
INC&Muslimleaguebothrejectedit

17. CabinetMission(1946)

18. CabinetMission(1946)

19. CabinetMission(1946)
Pethick-lawrence
Secretaryof StateforIndia
StaffordCripps
PresidentoftheBoardofTrade
A.V. Alexander
FirstLord ofAdmiralty

20. CabinetMission(1946)
ToFormulatean
constituentassembly
Toforminterimgovernment
MainObjective

21. InterimGovernment
2September1946-15August1947

22. InterimGovernment
1.PíesidentoftheExecutiveCouncil(ViceíoyandGoveínoí-GeneíalofIndia):ViscountWavell(till
Ïebíuaíy1947);LoídMountbatten(fíomÏebíuaíy1947)
2.Commandeí-in-Chief:SiíClaudeAuchinleck
3.VicePíesident,inchaígeofExteínalAffaiísandCommonwealthRelations:Jawahaílal Nehíu
4.HomeAffaiís,InfoímationandBíoadcasting:SaídaíVallabhbhaiPatel(INC)
5.AgíicultuíeandÏood:Rajendía Píasad(INC)
6.Commeíce: Ibíahim Ismail Chundíigaí (ML)
7.Defence:BaldevSingh(INC)
8.Ïinance:LiaquatAliKhan(ML)
9.Education and Aíts: C Rajagopalachaíi (INC)
10.Health: Ghazanfaí Ali Khan (ML)
11.Labouí:JagjivanRam(INC)
12.Law:JogendíaNathMandal(ML)
13.RailwaysandCommunications,Post andAií:AbduíRabNishtaí(ML)
14.Woíks,MinesandPoweí:CH Bhabha(INC)

23. MakingOfIndianConstitution
389
296 93

24. MakingOfIndianConstitution

25. MakingOfIndianConstitution
Basedonpopulation&furtherdividedinMuslim, SikhandGeneral
IndirectlyElected

26. MakingOfIndianConstitution
Nominated

27. INC
Muslimleague
Independent
208
15
73
MakingOfIndianConstitution
ElectionheldinJuly–August1946

28. MakingOfIndianConstitution
PrincelyStatesdidn’tParticipatedMuslimLeague

29. MakingOfIndianConstitution
Objectives
Making of Indian
constitution
Toactas parliamentuntil
theparliamentisformed

30. ▪TheAssemblymetforthefirsttimeinNewDelhion9December1946.
▪211Members
▪Dr.SachidanandSinhawasthefirstpresidentoftheConstituentAssembly.
▪ProvisionalPresident
FirstMeeting

31. ▪11December1946
▪Elected
▪Dr.RajendraPrasad(PermanentPresident)
SecondMeeting

32. VicePresident
H.C. Mookerjee V.T.Krishnamachari
Dr.RajendraPrasad

33. ▪13December1946
▪Objective Resolution
▪VisionoftheIndianconstitution
▪22Jan 1947(Passed)
ThirdMeeting

34. MountbattenPlan(1947)
Partition
389
299

35. 8Major 13Minor

36. UnionConstitutionCommittee
UnionPowersCommittee
StatesCommittee

37. SteeringCommittee
RulesofProcedureCommittee

38. ▪ProvincialConstitutionCommittee
▪AdvisoryCommitteeon FundamentalRights

39. ImportantCommittees
AdhocCommitteeontheNationalflag RajendraPrasad
AdvisoryCommitteeonFundamentalRights,VallabhbhaiPatel
CommitteeontheFunctionsofthe
ConstituentAssembly
G.V.Mavalankar
CommitteeonMinoritiesandTribaland
ExcludedAreas
VallabhbhaiPatel
CommitteeontheRulesofProcedure RajendraPrasad
SpecialCommitteetoExaminetheDraft
Constitution
AlladiKrishnaswami
Ayyar

40. ImportantCommittees
ProvincialConstitutionCommittee vallabhbhaiPatel
DraftingCommittee B.R.Ambedkar
ExcludedandPartially ExcludedAreasSub-
Committee
A.V.Thakkar
FinanceandStaff Committee RajendraPrasad
FundamentalRightsSub-Committee J.B.Kripalani
HouseCommittee
B. Pattabhi
Sitaramayya
MinoritiesSub-Committee H.C. Mukherjee

42. DraftingCommittees
•The Constituent Assembly established 13 committees to draft
theconstitution
•constitutionbasedonthereportsofthesecommittees

43. ▪7Member
▪29 August 1947
1.DrB RAmbedkar(Chairman)
2.N. GopalaswamyAyyangar
3.AlladiKrishnaswamyAyyar
4.DrKMMunshi
5.SyedMohammadSaadullah
6.N.MadhavaRau(HereplacedBLMitterwhoresignedduetoill-
health)
7.T.T.Krishnamachari(HereplacedDPKhaitanwhodiedin1948)
DraftingCommittees

44. ▪FirstDraft - Feb 1948
▪SecondDraft- Oct1948
▪FinalDraft- 4
th
Nov1948
▪7653 -
▪2473 -
Amendments
proposed
Amendments
Discussed
DraftingCommittees

45. ▪ConstitutionofIndiawasadoptedbytheConstituentAssemblyon26th
November1949andcame intoforceon26thJanuary,1950.
▪284memberspresentedoutof299membersandsignedonConstitutionon
24
th
Jan 1950.
▪APreamble,395Articles,8Schedules.
▪15ArticleslikeCitizenship,election,provisionalparliament,etc.
▪5,6,7,8,9,60,324,366,367,379,380etc.
DraftingCommittees

46. ▪LahoreSession1929
▪ItwasdecidedthattheJanuary26,
1930 shouldbeobserved
asPoornaSwarajyaDay.
▪26Jan1950
Why26Jan1950?

47. ▪Theprocesstook2years,11monthsand18days
▪11sessions
▪15women’s
▪BenegalNarsingRauwasLegalAdviser.
▪H.V.RIyengarwastheSecretaryoftheconstituentassembly.
ImportantFacts

48. ▪PremBehariNarainRaizadawastheCalligrapher
▪Rupees64lakhs
▪NationalFlagon 22
nd
July1947
▪NationalAnthemon24
th
January1950
▪MembershipofthecommonwealthinMay1949
ImportantFacts

49. IndianConstitution

50. IndianConstitution
Part Subject Articles
PartITheUnionandits territory Art.1to4
PartIICitizenship Art.5to11
PartIIIFundamentalRights Art.12to35
PartIVDirectivePrinciplesof statepolicy Art.36to51
PartIVAFundamentalDuties Art.51A
PartVTheUnion Art.52to151
PartVITheStates Art.152to237
PartVIIRepeatedbyConst. (7
thAmendment)Act,1956
PartVIIITheUnion Territories Art.239to242

51. IndianConstitution
Part Subject Articles
PartIXThePanchayats Art.243to430
Part
IXA
TheMunicipalities
Art.243Pto
243ZG
PartXTheScheduledandTribalAreas Art.244to244A
PartXIRelationsbetweenthe UnionandtheStates Art.245to263
PartXIIFinanace,Property,Contractsand Suits Art.264to300A
PartXIII
Trade,CommerceandIntercourse withintheTerritory
ofIndia
Art.301to307

52. ▪26January1950:-
•APreamble,22Parts,395Articles,8Schedules
▪Currently:-
•Apreamble,25Parts,12Schedules
IndianConstitution

53. FirstSchedule
▪NamesoftheState,UT,andtheirjurisdiction.
▪Changesintheirbordersandthelawsusedtomakethatchange.
▪ThefirstamendmentofSchedule1wascarriedoutbythe7thConstitutional
Amendment1956withtheformationofAndhraPradesh
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

54. SecondSchedule
▪ProvisionsrelatedtoSalary,Privilegesandallowanceof.
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution
1PresidentofIndia
2Governorsofstate
3Speakeranddeputyspeaker(LS)
4Chairmananddeputychairman(RS)
5SpeakerandDeputychairmanof statelegislature
6Chairmananddeputychairmanof councilof state
7JudgesofSCandHC
8CAG(Comptroller&AuditorGeneralofIndia)

55. thevariousformsofoathforholdersofvarious
ThirdSchedule
Thisschedulelists
constitutionaloffices
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution
1TheUnionMinisters
2Parliamentelectioncandidates
3Membersofparliament
4SCjudge
5CAG
6TheStateminister/Memberof Statelegislature
7JudgesofHC

56. FourthSchedule
▪Itcontainstheprovisionsinrelationtotheallocationofseatsfor
StatesandUnionTerritoriesintheRajyaSabha.
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

57. FifthSchedule
▪Itcontainsprovisionsinrelationtotheadministration
andcontrolofscheduledareasandscheduledtribes.
aregroupsofindigenouspeople,▪ScheduledTribes
identifiedintheConstitution,strugglingsocio-
economically
▪AndhraPradesh,Chhattisgarh,Gujarat,Himachal
Pradesh,Jharkhand,MadhyaPradesh,Maharashtra,
Odisha,RajasthanandTelangana.
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

58. SixthSchedule
▪Itcontainsprovisionsinrelationtothe
administrationoftribalareasinthestatesof
▪Assam,Meghalaya,TripuraandMizoram
▪SixthScheduleallowstheformation
ofAutonomousDistrictCouncils
▪Articles244(2)and275(1)
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

59. SeventhSchedule
▪Divisionofpowerbetweenunionandstateintermsoflist.
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

60. SchedulesOfIndianConstitution
SeventhScheduleDivisionofpowerbetweenunionandstateintermsoflist
UnionList Originally
Currently
-
-
97
100
StateList Originally
Currently
-
-
66
61
ConcurrentListOriginally
Currently
-
-
47
52

61. Lists
UnionList
•Defense
•AtomicEnergy
•ForeignAffairs
•WarandPeace
•Banking
•Railways
•PostandTelegraph
•Airways
•Ports
•ForeignTrade
•Currency&Coinage

62. Lists
StateList
•Agriculture
•Police
•Prison
•LocalGovernment
•PublicHealth
•Land
•Liquor
•TradeandCommerce
•Livestockand AnimalHusbandry
•StatePublicServices

63. Lists
ConcurrentList
•Education
•Transfer of Property other
thanAgriculturalland
•Forests
•TradeUnions
•Adulteration
•AdoptionandSuccession

64. Lists
ResidualPowers
➢Thepowerofjurisdictionuponsubjectsthatarenotmentionedinthe
stateorconcurrentlist
➢Article248oftheconstitutionclearlystates,TheUnionParliament
hasexclusivepowertomakeanylawwithrespecttoanymatternot
enumeratedintheConcurrentListortheStateList

65. Lists
42nd amendmentAct1976shiftedbelow mentionedfivesubjectsfíomtheStatelist
toConcuííentList:
•Education
•Ïoíests
•Píotectionofwildanimalsand biíds
•Weightsandmeasuíesand
•Administíationofjustice,constitutionandoíganization ofallcouítsexceptthe
SupíemeCouítandtheHighCouít

66. the22officiallanguagesrecognizedbytheIndian
EightSchedule
▪Itdealswith
Constitution
▪Articles343to 351
▪Originally14
▪Assamese,Bengali,Gujarati,Hindi,Kannada,Kashmiri,Konkani,
Malayalam,Manipuri,Marathi,Nepali,Oriya,Punjabi,Sanskrit,Sindhi,
Tamil,Telugu,Urdu,Bodo,Santhali,MaithiliandDogri.
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

67. SchedulesOfIndianConstitution
➢TheSindhilanguagewasaddedbythe21stAmendmentActof
1967
➢Konkani,Manipuri,andNepaliwereincludedbythe71stAmendmentAct
of 1992
➢Bodo,Dogri,Maithili,andSanthaliwereaddedbythe92ndAmendment
Actof2003.

68. ▪Therearesixlanguagesthatenjoythe‘Classical’statusinIndia.
▪Tamil(declaredin2004)
▪Sanskrit(2005)
▪Kannada(2008)
▪Telugu(2008)
▪Malayalam(2013)
▪Odia (2014)
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

69. NinthSchedule
▪Itdealswiththestateactsandregulationsofthatdealwithlandreforms
andabolitionofZamindarisystem.
▪1
st
Amendment1951
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

70. TenthSchedule
▪Itcontainsprovisionsrelatingtothedisqualificationofthe
membersofParliamentandStateLegislaturesonthe
groundofdefection.
▪Thisschedulewasaddedbythe52
nd
AmendmentActof
1985,alsoknownastheAnti-defectionLaw.
▪2003,throughthe91
st
Amendment,theanti-defectionlaw
wasmademoreeffectivetodealwithregulardefection
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

71. EleventhSchedule
▪Provisionsthatspecifythepowers,authorityand
responsibilitiesofpanchayats
▪Ithas29 matters
▪73rdamendmentactof 1992
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

72. TwelfthSchedule
▪Dealswiththeprovisionsthatspecifythe
powers,authorityandresponsibilitiesof
municipalities.
▪Ithas18 matters
▪74
th
Amendmentact of1992
SchedulesOfIndianConstitution

73. VANDE MAATRAM