1.1 steam power plant circuits.pptx

steam

1. STEAM POWER PLANT PRAVEEN

2. CLASSIFICATION OF POWER PLANTS Based on the form of energy converted into electrical energy, the power plants are classified as 1) Steam Power Plants 2) Diesel Power Plants 3) Gas Power Plants 4) Hydro-electric Power Plants 5) Nuclear Power Plants

3. STEAM POWER PLANT A Steam Power Plant converts the chemical energy of the fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) or fissile fuels (Uranium, Thorium) into electrical energy. Steam Power Plant basically works on Rankine cycle . Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of fuel combustion; thus steam is expanded through the steam turbines. The Steam turbine drives the generator which converts mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy.

4. STEAM POWER PLANT

5. STEAM POWER PLANT- LAYOUT

6. Major Components of Steam Power Plant 1. Boiler 2. Super heater 3. Reheater 4. Air preheater 5. Economizer 6. Steam Turbine 7. Condenser 8. Cooling Tower 9. Circulating water pump 10. Boiler Feed Pump 11. Generator 12. Water Treatment Section 13.Chimney

7. Modern Steam Power Plants The Modern Steam Power Plant Mainly Divided Into Four Circuits. 1) Coal And Ash Circuit. 2) Air And Gas Circuit. 3) Feed Water And Steam Flow Circuit. 4) Cooling Water Circuit.

8. Coal And Ash Circuit It comprises of coal handling equipment and ash handling equipment. Coal is supplied to the boiler from the storage point by coal handling equipment. Steam is generated in the boiler. Ash resulting from the combustion of coal is removed to the ash storage yard through ash handling equipment

9. AIR AND GAS CIRCUIT Air is blown to the combustion chamber by induced draught fan or forced draught fan or both. The dust present in the air is removed by dust catching device or precipitator.

10. AIR AND GAS CIRCUIT The Induced Draught (ID) fan helps in sucking the exhaust gases and exhausting them through the chimney into the atmosphere. The heat in the exhaust gases is partly extracted by passing ( i ) through the Economiser to preheat the water and then (ii) through the Air Preheater for heating up the incoming air.

11. Feed Water And Steam Flow Circuit The high pressure steam produced in the boiler is used to operate the turbine. The exhaust steam is condensed in the condenser. The condensate water is heated in the feed heaters using the steam trapped from different points of turbine and finally the condensate water is pumped into the boiler.

12. FEED WATER AND STEAM FLOW CIRCUIT During this process a part of steam and water is lost by passing through different components and this is compensated by supplying additional feed water This feed water should be purified before supply to prevent scaling of the tubes of the boiler.

13. Cooling Water Circuit The exhaust steam entering the condenser is cooled by circulating the cooling water. The cooling water supply to the condenser helps in maintaining a low pressure in it. The cooling water may be taken from any source like river, lake or alternatively, same water may be cooled and circulated again. Based on these, this circuit is divided 1) Open system 2) Closed system

14. Selection of Site 1. Availability of raw material. 2. Nature of land. 3. Cost of land. 4. Availability of water. 5. Transport facilities 6. Ash disposal facilities 7. Availability of labour 8. Size of plant 9. Public Problems 10. Future Extension

15. OBJECTIVES A Steam Power Plant converts the__________ into electrical energy. Steam Power Plant basically works on ________ Cycle Steam is generated in the ___________ The dust present in the air is removed by ________________ The Induced Draught (ID) fan helps in sucking the exhaust gases and send them through the chimney into the ____________ The heat in the exhaust gases is partly extracted by passing _________ and ____________ Economiser is used to preheat the _________ Air Preheater for heating up the _________ Super heater is used to raise the ___________ temperature above the saturation temperature.