1.3 source transformation presntation.pptx

Ideal and practical Voltage and current Sources

1. DEPARTMENT OF humanities & sciences SEMESTER : I SUBJECT : BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CHAPTER : [1] DC CIRCUITS TOPIC : [ 1.3] SOURCE TRANSFORMATION THEOREM PRESENTED BY: PROF. JAYARAJESH

2. Learning objective: To apply Source Transformation for complex networks to simplify into simple circuits.

3. Source Transformation A source transformation is the process of replacing a voltage source V s in series with a resistor R by a current source I s in parallel with a resistor R , or vice versa

4. Source Transformation R v s v s  i s R or i s  If any circuit is having the voltage source in series with a resistance it can be converted into current source with parallel with that resistance . This process can be reciprocated

5. Source Transformation V s  R s I s s V s I s  R

6. Source Transformation Equivalent sources can be used to simplify the analysis of some circuits. A voltage source in series with a resistor is transformed into a current source in parallel with a resistor. A current source in parallel with a resistor is transformed into a voltage source in series with a resistor.

7. Note the following important points : There must be atleast one resistance in case of constant current which is directly connected in parallel &e There must be atleast one resistance in the case of constant voltage source which is directly connected in series Source Transformation

8. Generally it is preferred to convert constant current source into constant voltage source such that : ( constant I source || R)  (constant V source + R ) Arrow head corresponds to the positive terminal while arrow tail corresponds to the negative terminal of constant voltage source . Source Transformation

9. 1. Redundant i.e. unwanted resistance: (a) If there is a resistance directly in parallel with a voltage source then we can simply O.C. i.e. remove it without affecting the given circuit. Thus, (V || R) ≡ V . . . . ( i ) Caution : In case the total current supplied by the voltage source is required then do not remove. Some important concepts

10. Some important concepts 1. Redundant i.e. unwanted resistance: (b) Conversely, if there is a resistance directly in series with a current source then we can simply S.C. it. Thus, (I + R) ≡ I . . . . (ii)

11. Some important concepts 2. Redundant sources : (a) If a voltage source and a current source are directly in parallel with each other then the voltage source dominates  we can simply O.C. i.e. remove the current source. Thus, (V || I) ≡ V . . . . (iii)

12. Some important concepts 2. Redundant sources : (b) Conversely, if a voltage source and a current source are in series with each other then the current source dominates  we can simply S.C. the voltage source. Thus, I + V ≡ I . . . . (iv)

13. Problem:1 Use source transformation to find v o in the circuit.

14. Given circuit

15. we use current division to get 2 (2)  0.4A 2  8 i  and v o  8 i  8(0.4)  3.2V Ans

16. Learning outcomes At the end of this topic, student is able to:- Apply the Source transformation technique to simply complex circuits. Identify redundant elements in the circuit while simplifying circuits

17. 17 REFERENCE S https://www.electrical4u.com / Introductory Circuit Analysis, Robert L. Boylested, Pearson Education, Prentice Hall. Basic Electrical Engineering by Ravish R Singh, Mc Graw Hill education India( Pvt ) Limied . Basic Electrical and Electronics engineering by B.R Patil , oxford edition Networks And Systems, A Sudhakr, Shyammohan S Palli, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. Network Analysis, M.E. Van Valkenburg, PHI Learning Private limited, New Delhi. Circuit Analysis Principle and Applications, Allan H. Robbins &Wilhelm C. Miller, DELMAR CENGAGE Learning, Indian Reprint .