1. fixed partial denture finals1

1. FIXED FIXED
PARTIAL PARTIAL
DENTUREDENTURE

2. CLASSIFICATICLASSIFICATI
ONON and TYPES of and TYPES of
FPDFPD

3. 1. SIMPLE FIXED BRIDGE1. SIMPLE FIXED BRIDGE
A. Rigidly Fixed
Bridge
-permits no
individual or
independent
movements of its
parts and is also
known as
STATIONARY
FIXED BRIDGE

4. B. Semi –Fixed
Bridge
-one which allows
some individual
or separate
movements of
some of its parts
and is also known
as LIMITED
STATIONARY /
BROKEN
STRESS
BRIDGE

5. C. Cantilever
Bridge
-one which has
one or more
abutments at
one end of the
bridge while
the other end
is
unsupported

6. 2. COMPOUND FIXED BRIDGE2. COMPOUND FIXED BRIDGE
-a combination
fixed partial
denture which
employs two or
more of the
simple type in
one restoration Rigidly fixed bridge

7. SUBCLASSIFICATION ACCORDING
TO LOCATION
A. Anterior or Labial Bridge
- Limited to incisor region
B. Posterior or Buccal Bridge
- from canine posteriorly to
include premolars and molars
C. Combination Antero-Posterior
Bridge or Labio-Buccal bridge
- includes anterior and
posterior teeth

8. COMPONENTS COMPONENTS
OF FIXED OF FIXED
BRIDGEBRIDGE

9. 1. Abutment
It is the
selected
remaining
tooth or teeth
where a
crown or a
bridge is
attached

10. 2. Retainer
It is the It is the
artificial artificial
crown or crown or
crowns used crowns used
to attach the to attach the
bridge to the bridge to the
abutment abutment
tooth/teeth.tooth/teeth.

11. 3. Pontic
artificial crown
used to restore the
missing tooth or
teeth in the arch
and may either be:
all porcelain;
porcelain fused to
metal; plastic
attached to metal;
and all plastic

12. 4. Connector
Serves to
connect
retainer on one
side to the other
retainer on the
other side of the
bridge as well
as unites all the
other parts of
the bridge

13. FACTORS THAT FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE THE INFLUENCE THE
COMPONENTS COMPONENTS
SELECTION SELECTION

14. A. AbutmentA. Abutment
with vital pulpwith vital pulp
with normal amount of with normal amount of
periodontal attachmentperiodontal attachment
capable of supporting capable of supporting
additional forces to which it additional forces to which it
will be subjected as part of will be subjected as part of
the FPDthe FPD

15. its preparation must be such its preparation must be such
that its retentive power shall be that its retentive power shall be
sufficient to resist the sufficient to resist the
displacing forces to which it displacing forces to which it
will be exposedwill be exposed

16. B. RetainerB. Retainer
- - must be so designed that it must be so designed that it
has sufficient strength has sufficient strength
- margins prevent irritation of - margins prevent irritation of
the soft tissues and the soft tissues and
recurrence of cariesrecurrence of caries
- must be self-cleansing- must be self-cleansing

17. - does not corrode or tarnish- does not corrode or tarnish
- does not discolor- does not discolor
- it is aesthetic- it is aesthetic

18. C. Pontics C. Pontics
-restore the function of the tooth it -restore the function of the tooth it
replacesreplaces
-meet the demands of esthetics and -meet the demands of esthetics and
comfortcomfort
-be biologically acceptable to the tissues-be biologically acceptable to the tissues
- ensure its sanitation- ensure its sanitation
-prevent tissue inflammation of -prevent tissue inflammation of
underlying residual ridge mucosaunderlying residual ridge mucosa

19. 4. Connector4. Connector
connector should be
approximately 2mm. in size
Connector should always pass
through what would be normal
contact area of teeth being
replaced
allows for creation of normal
embrasures and interdental
spaces

20. Incisal/occlusal surface of
connector should never have
sharp edge, which presents
cleavage point to porcelain
Connector should be contoured
interproximally to allow for
equal porcelain coverage on
adjoining teeth

21. Proper placement of connector
in the anterior and posterior
teeth

22. Characteristics:
All surfaces should be convex,
smooth and properly finished
The occlusal table must be in
functional harmony with the
occlusion of all the teeth
The overall length of the buccal
surface should be equal to that of
the adjacent abutments/pontic
Anterior and Posterior Pontic Anterior and Posterior Pontic
DesignDesign

23. The lingual contour should be in
harmony with adjacent teeth or
pontics

24. Factors Influencing
Fixed Bridge Design

25. 1. Crown Length
-teeth must have adequate
occlusocervical crown length to
achieve sufficient retention

26. 2. Crown Form
- some teeth have tapered
crown form which interferes
with parallelism
- incisors possessing very thin
highly translucent incisal edges

27. 3. Degree of Mutilation
- size, number and location of
carious lesions or restorations affect
whether full or partial coverage
retainers are indicated
- fractured or carious teeth not
restorable should be removed
thereby altering design and
creating the need for a prosthesis

28. 4. Root Length and Form
- roots with parallel sides and
developmental depressions are better able to
resist additional occlusal forces than are
smooth-sided conical roots
- multirooted teeth generally provide
greater stability than single-rooted teeth
- longer root has better retention than
short root

29. 5. Crown-Root Ratio
- 1:1.5 ratio has been generally acceptable
whereas 1:1 ratio is considered minimal and
requires consideration of other factors (ex. #
of tth being replaced, tooth mobility,
periodontal health) before it can be used as
an abutment

30. 6. Ante’s Law
-periodontal ligament area/pericemental
area of the abutment teeth should be
equal or greater than the periodontal
ligament area/pericemental area of the
missing tooth/teeth
1

31. 7. Periodontal Health
- absence of any form of
periodontal disease such as
bone resorption and gingival
recession

32. 8. Mobility
– MILLER MOBILITY VALUE
1
o
mobility – normal
2
o
mobility – still acceptable
provided that you must know the
factor that cause the mobility (px
age, presence of calcular deposit)
and consider the # of tth being
replaced
3
o
mobility – can not be used as
an abutment/for extraction

33. 9. Span Length
-distance between abutments affects the
feasibility of placing fixed prosthesis
- ideal for 1-2 missing tth
- loss of 3 adjacent tth requires careful
evaluation of other factors (crown-root ratio,
root length and form, periodontal health,
mobility)
Primary abutment
Secondary
abutment

34. 10. Axial Alignment
- crowns of proposed abutments must
be well aligned
- minor alterations in axial alignment
(tipped/rotated) often necessitate the
use of full coverage crowns to achieve
retention or acceptable esthetics

35. 11. Arch Form
fulcrum line
fulcrum line
lever lever
counter-balancing

36. 12. Occlusion
- occlusal forces brought to bear
on a prostheses are related to the ff:
a. degree of muscular activity
b. patients habit
c. # of tth being replaced
d. leverage on the bridge
e. adequacy of bone support

37. 13. Pulpal Health
- abutment/s should not be
sensitive to percussion or
vitality testing
- abutments with poor pulpal
health should undergo
endodontic tx prior to tooth
preparation

38. 14. Alveolar Ridge Form
- not indicated for FPD if
there is considerable bone loss
Vertical bone loss
Horizontal bone loss

39. 15. Age of Patient
- not indicated in older
patient as well as adolescents
when teeth are not fully
erupted or with large pulps

40. 16. Phonetics
- patients prefer FPD for
good phonation (provides
sufficient resistance to the
flow of air to allow normal
speech sounds to be
produced) rather than RPD

41. 17. Long-Term Abutment
Prognosis
- take note of the oral hygiene
-if there is question on the ability of
the remaining supporting structure to
accept additional occlusal forces, RPD
is indicated
- tooth with sufficient loss of
periodontal support and questionable
prognosis may be best treated with an
RPD rather than an FPD

42. 18. Esthetics
-prefer FPD because it
resembles natural tooth
-but RPD may be indicated
when the use of a pontic
produces large and unsightly
proximal embrasures in a fixed
prostheses.

43. 19. Psychological Factors
- to most pxs an FPD feels more
normal than an RPD and more
quickly becomes an accepted part
of the oral environment
- px feels more confident and
looks good wearing FPD than RPD