1. Introduction to Information Technology.pptx

Technology

1. INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

2. Overview of information technology

3. Analytics Automation Artificial intelligence Cloud computing Communications Cybersecurity Data/database management Infrastructure Internet of things Machine learning Maintenance and repair Networks Robotics Software/application development SCADA

4. This list is by no means exhaustive and new applications for technology are constantly emerging.

5. History and evolution of IT

6. First generation (1950s)

7. In the early 1940s, electronic computers that used relays or valves started to develop. The world's first programmable computer and, by today's standards, one of the earliest devices that may be regarded as a full computing machine was the electromechanical Zuse Z3, which was finished in 1941. Colossus created the first electrical digital computer during World War II, which allowed it to decipher German communications.

8. Although it was programmable , it was not general-purpose, being designed to perform only a single task. It also lacked the ability to store its program in memory; programming was carried out using plugs and switches to alter the internal wiring. The first recognizably modern electronic digital stored-program computer was the Manchester Baby , which ran its first program on 21 June 1948.

9. Bell Laboratories' advancement in transistor technology in the late 1940s made it possible to construct a new generation of computers with significantly lower power requirements. The Ferranti Mark I, the first stored-program computer to be sold commercially, used 25 kilowatts of electricity and had 4050 valves. In contrast, the final version of the University of Manchester's first transistorized computer, which was operational by November 1953, only required 150 watts of power.

10. Ferranti Mark I

11. By the year of 1984, according to the National Westminster Bank Quarterly Review, the term information technology had been redefined as "The development of cable television was made possible by the convergence of telecommunications and computing technology (generally known in Britain as information technology)." We then begin to see the appearance of the term in 1990 contained within documents for the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

12. Basic it concepts and terminology

13. Basic concept and terminology of information technology • Five parts of an information system • Define information technology • Evolution of computing technology • Emerging technologies in computing • Various measures to secure data Applications of ICT • Importance of a life-long learning and continual professional dev. To an IT professional

14. Five parts of an information system: Hardware Software People Procedures Data

15. Emerging technologies in computing • New technologies follow a cycle that includes invention, prototyping, proof of concept, productizing, and manufacture. Throughout this process, the inventions are called emerging technologies.

16. Basic IT terminology IT TERMINOLOGY TERM access point A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a wired network accessibility: As specified in Section 508 of the 1998 Rehabilitation Act, the process of designing and developing Web sites and other technology that can be navigated and understood by all people, including those with visual, hearing, motor, or cognitive impairments. This type of design also can benefit people with older/ slower software and hardware address: Identifies the location of an Intermet resource. Examples: an e-mail address ([email protected]), a web address (http://www.dataprise.com), or an internet address (192.168.100.1) alas A short, easy to remember name crested for use in place of a longer, more complicated name, commonly used in e-mail applications. Also referred to as a "nickname"

17. Applet: A program capable of running on any computer regardless of the operating system application: A program designed for a specific purpose, such as word processing or graphic design attachment: In this context, a file that is sent along with an e-mail message. ASCII (plain text files may be appended to the message text, but other types of files are encoded and sent separately (common formats that can be selected include MIME, BinHex , and Uuencode). authentication: The process of identifying yourself and the verification that you're who you say you are Computers where restricted information is stored may require you to enter your usemame and password to gain access

18. backbone: A term that is often used to describe the main network connections that comprise the internet or other major network bandwidth binary file A measurement of the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network at any given time. The higher the network's bandwidth, the greater the volume of data that can be transmitted A file that cannot be read by standard text editor programs like Notepad or Simple Text. Examples: documents created by applications such as Microsoft Word or WordPerfector DOS files with the extension.com or "exe" A binary digit (either 0 or 1); it is the most basic unit of data that can be recognized and processed by a computer.

19. blog Refers to a weblog, a web page that contains joumal -like entries and links that are updated daily for public viewing bluetooth A wireless networking technology that allows users to send voice and data from one electronic device to another via radio waves bridge: A device used for connecting two Local Area Networks (LANs) or bio segments of the same LAN; bridges forward packets without analyzing or re-routing them.

20. browser: A program used to access World Wide Web pages. Examples: Firefox, Safari or Internet Explorer. Refers to: 1) a region of computer memory where trequently accessed data can be stored for rapid access, or 2) a optional file on your hard drive where such data also can be stored. Examples: Internet cache Explorer and Firefox have options for defining both memory and disk cache. The act of storing data for fast retheval is called "caching" client A program or computer that connects to and requests information from a server: Internet Explorer or Firefox A client program also may be referred to as "client software" or "client-server software"

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