1. Introduction to social Pharmacy (1).pptx

Social Pharmacy ER 2020

1. Chapter 1. Introduction to social pharmacy Prof. Vaishali P. Argade Lecturer in PRES, Institute of Pharmacy, Loni Email:[email protected] Mobile:[phone] Social Pharmacy (20115)

2. After completing the chapter , Student will be able to : Describe the scope of Social Pharmacy Describe concept of Health Describe the National Health Policy, 2017 Describe Millennium, Sustainable , and FIP development goals Learning Outcomes

3. What is Social pharmacy ? Social Pharmacy is defined as a ‘ science which deals with social aspects of the profession of pharmacy.’ Social pharmacy is the multidisciplinary field of education & research that focuses on the role, regulation & use of medicine in society.

4. o To promote the adequate use of medicine. o To make awareness about the skills, knowledge and attitude so that people may solve health problems by their own actions and efforts. o To encourage the public to take benefits of health services for the benefits of individual and social. Ex- Family planning programme etc. o To provide information and create awareness among the public so as to relieve them from misconception, doubt and ignorance etc. o To create healthy habits and change their modes of life. o To provides knowledge regarding various nutrients present in different food materials. o It imparts knowledge on first aid and handling of emergency situations. Scope /Aims / Objectives of SP

5. CONCEPT OF HEALTH WHO (World Health Organization) has defined the term Health Health is define as a state of complete balance of physical, mental, social & spiritual well being and not merely the absence of disease.

6. Supply of fresh air, light & water Balanced diet Proper healthful shelter Adequate cloths Hygienic environment & sanitation Adequate physical activity, rest & relaxation according to individual need Suitable occupation with job satisfaction Good habits. FACTORS FOR PROMOTING & MAINTAINING GOOD HEALTH

7. ASPECTS / COMPONENTS / DIMENTION OF HEALTH Physical health Mental health Social health Spiritual health

8. DETERMINANT OF HEALTH 1)INDIVIDUAL FACTORS Genetic/ Heredity Lifestyle 2)ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS Socio-economic development Political will Availability of health services

9. INDICATOR’S OF HEALTH Indicators of health is used to measured the health status of community. These are the factors which find out the extent to which the person is healthy. Types of indicator Mortality indicator Morbidity indicator Disability indicator Health Care services indicator Sanitation indicator Socio-economic indicator Utilization rates Environmental indicators

10. 1. Mortality indicator/ Death Rate Death Rate is the rate at which peoples are dying• It is defined as the number of deaths per 1000 population per year in a given community. Mortality rate :----High------Country is under developed Mortality rate :----Low------ Country is Highly developed

11. 2. Morbidity Indicators/Disease Rate Morbidity rate is the number of cases of the disease found to occur in a stated number of population. It includes the data of new cases of disease, Admitted, Re-admission, discharge Rate, Duration of stay in hospital.

12. 3. Disability indicator I t is midpoint between mortality and morbidity indicator. I n this case an individual is unable to move or walk . 4. Health Care services indicator Healthcare services indicators are determined from a doctor population ratio, Dr. nurses ratio, population Health Centre ratio and population rate ratio.  The indicator of health status does not depends upon the availability of Health Services but depends upon the extent to which the services is utilized.

13. 5. Sanitation indicator T he knowledge about the sanitation is very important to the total health. W e should give the information about the hygienic condition and sanitation. T he people which are living in slum area should take proper diet, water, medicine and facilities of houses

14. 6. Socio-economic indicator M easurement of social economic development in terms of population growth rate, per capita income, level of unemployment, illiteracy rate, status of community and similarly social and mental health problems. 7. Utilization rates Utilization rate indicate the extent to which health care facilities are utilized by population in year. 8. Environmental indicators It reflect physical and biological environment of human being. These are related to air & water population, solid waste , radiation, noise etc.

15. Health policy- Health policy of a nation is the decision, plan & action undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society. The main aim of health policy is decide or complete physical health, mental health, social health. Due to changing our nation conditions like population growth, pollutions, new disease conditions we are not insure our development so Ministry of Health release the various health programs and commitment to achieving the goal of happiness or developed nation. The slogan Health for All (HFA) was given by the world health organization (WHO) in year 1977(May). The WHO has established 12 global indicators as the basic point of reference for assessing the progress towards HFA National Health Policy- Indian perspective

16. The joint WHO- UNICEF international conference in 1978 at Alma-Ata (USSR) declared that, The existing gross inequalities in the status of health of people particularly between developed and developing countries as well as within the countries is politically, socially, and economically unacceptable. The Alma-Ata ( Almaty ) declaration of 1978 emerged as a major milestone of the twentieth century in the field of public health and it identified primary health care as the key to the attainment of the goal of Health for All around the globes. It is the first international declaration on primary health care (PHC) in Kazakhstan.

17. Three National Health Policy was launched by the Ministry of health and family welfare. First National Health Policy(1983) Second National Health Policy(2002) Third National Health Policy(2017)

18. OBJECTIVES OF NHP 2017 The NHP-2017 was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on March 15,2017 . In this policy the focus of the government will shift from care of the sick to welfare of the sick. This is the third NHP government of India. The main goal of the NHP 2017 as follows: 1. To bring down the mortality rate of children under five years 29(2015) to 23(2025) per thousand live birth. 2.To bring the total fertility rate (TFR) 2.2 to 2.1 and reducing the Maternal mortality rate (MMR) 167 to 100(2025).

19. 3. Target to increase life span from 67.5 to 70 years by 2025 and increase health expenditure from 1.51% at present to 2.5% by 2025. 4. Reducing the IMR ( infant mortality rate) from 34 (IN 2016) to 28 (IN 2019) and also the reducing Neonatal mortality rate from 28 to 16 (IN 2025). 5. To reduce by 25% premature mortality from disease such as heart disease, Cancer,chronic respiratory diseases. 6 . Eliminate the leprosy by the year 2018, Kala- azar by the year 2017 and lymphatic filariasis by the year 2017. Reduction the rate of tuberculosis by 85% and eliminate the tuberculosis by the year in 2025.

20. 7. To achieve 90% of children born by or under the supervision of trained midwives /nurses by the year 2025 and completely immunization of 90%of children of one year age. To reduce the incidence of occupational injury by 50% by the year 2020. At the present this rate is 334 per lakh workers in agricultural sectors. By the year 2020, states will have to 8% of their budget on health service. 10 To reduce the current prevalence of tobacco use by 15% by 2020 and by 30% by 2025.

21. India healthcare delivery system is categorized into two major components. Private health care system Public health care system. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HEALTH SYSTEM IN INDIA

22. Private health care system Private health care system provide the all facilities regarding to the public health and full fill the public requirement and pay the appropriate amount of fee. In the private system new and improve quality equipment and hygienic system provide to the patient and also provided the proper and counsel medication by the pharmacists or nurses. Private sectors provide the suited aeration condition, proper ventilation, neat and clean places, for the patient and guardians.

23. In the private sector, well-educated and trained medical professionals are diagnosed the patient and provide the personalized attention to the patient. During the admit condition it provide the different facilities like (general ward, private ward, and special ward) accordance to our budget or fee payment.  Staffs (doctors, nurses, pharmacists) and workers are very active in private and timely checkup the patient conditions and provide the sufficient drug doses and treatment.  Private sectors provide the quick treatment during the emergency condition or trauma and also provide the successful surgery. Example of private health care system: — Multispecialty hospitals, nursing homes, private clinics, NGOs clinics or hospital. In India: 43486 private hospitals, 1.18 million beds, 59264 ICUs and 29631 ventilators.

24.  All people are not afford the high payment or fee so, the government open up new Public Health Care System to full fill the poor and needy persons need for their treatment.  These systems are very helpful in rural area.  In public sector many advancement equipment and hygienic materials are provided by the government for the checkup and diagnosis of the patients.  In public sector also appointed well educated and trained medical professional (Doctors, Nurses, Pharmacists) 2. Public health care system :

25. In public system, medication and checkup facilities provide without any fee or payment.  OPD and IPD systems are always open timely to timely and emergency ward are always open for curing of patients.  In public health care primary, secondary, tertiary, facilities are provide according to the patient conditions and needs.  Government also provided the regular vaccination and separate the different department according to patients needs like (Cardiology department, ophthalmology department, oncology department, tuberculosis department, gynecology department). In India: — 25778 public hospitals, 713986 beds, ICUs and 17850 ventilators.

26. NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION National health mission (NHM) was launched by the government of India in 2013 which includes the National Rural Health Mission and National Urban Health Mission. It was further extended in March 2018, to continue till March 2020 . Due to the poor knowledge and sources (mainly rural) some people are not able to take the government facilities. For releasing this problem government introduce the new programs (NHM one of them) to full fill the requirement and improve the health of the needy person . NHM components include the – Maternal health, Neonatal-child health, Reproductive health, Adolescence health, and against any disease (Tuberculosis, cardio etc .) NHM facilities are reached to the people by advertisement, posters, radio, socials media and by newspaper etc.

27. AIM OF NHM —   Improve the health conditions of the people. Awareness about Adolescence and bad habits. Prevention against communicable & non communicable disease . Improve hygienic condition. Aware about the natural sources. Maintenance of population growth. Provide the all facilities to required persons On the basis of development NHM are divided into two parts— National Rural Health Mission. National Urban Health Mission.

28. National Rural Health Mission ( NRHM ) NHRM was launched in 12 April 2005 , to address the health needs of the rural population especially women, children , vulnerable sections of the society and to provide affordable, accessible and quality healthcare . In NRHM Ayush (Ayurveda, Yoga, Siddhi, and Unani and Homeopathic ) is use for promotion of healthy life style . Major initiatives under NRHM 1.ASHA ( Accrediated social health activist) 2. The united grant in subcenters ( Scs ) 3. Healthcare Services daily

29. 4. Facility based new bourn care 5. National Ambulance services (NAS ) 6. National mobile Medical Units (NMMUs)

30. 7. The village Health Sanitation & Nutrition Committee 8. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) 9. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK

31. 10. Rogi kalyan Samiti

32. 2. National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) The NUHM was launched in 1 st May 2013. NUHM seeks to improve the health status of the urban population particularly urban poor and other vulnerable sections by facilitating their access to quality primary health. Major initiatives under NUHM USHA (Urban social health activist)

33. 2. Mahila Arogya Samiti 3. U- phc ( Urban Primary Health Center) 4. U- chc ( Urban Community Health Center)

34. MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond to the world’s main development challenges. All 191 United Nations member states, and at least 22 international organizations in 2000 , committed to help achieve the following Millennium Development Goals by 2015 The 8 MDGs break down into 18 quantifiable targets that are measured by 48 indicators.

35. Millennium Development Goals are: To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger To achieve universal primary education To promote gender equality and empower women To reduce child mortality To improve maternal health To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases To ensure environmental sustainability To develop a global partnership for development

36. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS) The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals , were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030 all people enjoy peace and prosperity. The Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGs ) or Global Goals are a collection of 17 interlinked global goals designed to be a "blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all ". The 17 SDGs break down into 169 quantifiable targets that are measured by 231 indicators.

37. 1. No Poverty, 2. Zero Hunger, 3. Good Health and Well-being, 4. Quality Education, 5. Gender Equality 6. Clean Water and Sanitation 7. Affordable and Clean Energy 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth 9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure 10. Reducing Inequality 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities 12. Responsible Consumption and Production 13. Climate Action 14. Life Below Water 15. Life On Land 16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions 17. Partnerships for the Goals. The 17 SDGs are:

38. FIP DEVELOPMENT GOAL (INTERNATIONAL PHARMACEUTICAL FEDERATION / FÉDÉRATION INTERNATIONALE PHARMACEUTIQUE ) The International Pharmaceutical Federation ( FIP) represent pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists . It was founded in 1912 and is based in The Hague in the Netherlands . It is a nongovernmental organization (NGO) jointly work with the World Health Organization who fixed the 21 global goals to improve global health by providing advance pharmacy practice and science for better discovery, development, safe use, cost-effective , quality medicines.

39. FIP consists of two boards: The Board of Pharmaceutical Practice The Board of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Academic Pharmacy Clinical Biology Community Pharmacy Health and Medicines Information Hospital Pharmacy Industrial Pharmacy Military and Emergency Pharmacy Social and Administrative Pharmacy Bioavailability and Bioequivalence  Biopharmaceutics Classification System  Dissolution  Environment and pharmaceuticals  Individualized Medicine  Medicinal Chemistry  Natural Products  Nuclear Pharmacy  Pharmaceutical Biotechnology  Pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomics

40. 21 global goals are: Academic Capacity Early carrier Training Quality Assurance Advanced and specialist development Competency development Leadership development Advancing integrated services Working with others Continuing professional development strategies Equity and equality Impact & outcomes Pharmacy intelligence Policy development Medicines expertise People- centred care Communicable diseases Antimicrobial stewardship Access to medicines, devices & services Patient safety Digital health Sustainability in pharmacy

41. ROLE OF PHARMACISTS IN PUBLIC HEALTH 1. Review Prescriptions 2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription Medicines 3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education 4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy Management 5. Expertise on Medications 6. Proficiency on drugs / pharmaceuticals 7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership 8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare 9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice 10. Continuing Professional Development

42. REFERENCE: 1.Social Pharmacy, By Jagtap D.B., Gaikwad V.S. S,V. Bhise , Brilliant publication 2.SOCIAL PHARMACY (First Year FY Diploma Pharmacy - PCI's ER 2020), By  Dr. S.B. Bhise ,  Mrs. M.S. Bhise  , Nirali Prakashan . 3.Social Pharmacy, By Dr. Virendra Kumar, Thakur Publication.

43. Thank You………..