1 Present status of dairy industry in India new.pdf

Material

1. Course Code : FOT-575/340
Course Name : Processing of Milk and milk products
Dr Rahul Salve
Ph.D.
Assistant Professor,

2. ✓ Introduction
✓ Overview of Indian Dairy Industry
Outline

3. In India the dairying play an important role in the agriculture farming, which
has now symbiotic and sustainable relationship with it.
India is predominantly agrarian country with more than 70-75% of the
population living in rural areas among this 80 per cent of which depending on
agriculture and its allied enterprises like dairying.
India has well recognized
✓ 50 breeds of cattle
✓ 42 breeds of sheep
✓ 17 breeds of buffalo
✓ 26 breeds of goats
* (Source: NBAGR;http://14.139.252.116/agris/breed.aspx)
* http://dahd.nic.in› default › filess › NAP on Goat & Sheep

PRESENT STATUS OF DAIRY INDUSTRY
https://live.staticflickr.com/4260/34353247
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4. CONTINUE
• India possesses 192.49 million cattle population out of
which 142.11 million indigenous and 50.42 million crossbred
cattle and 109.85 million buffaloes(20
th
Livestock Census).
•major achievements in the field of dairying since 1980 to 2018
as under.
•Dairy sector in India has shown remarkable development in
the past decade
•India has now become one of the largest producers of milk
and value-added milk products in the world.

5. i)17 million tones in 1951
ii)176.35 million tones in the year 2017-18 MMT and 221 mmt in
2021-22
iii)(2023-24- 239.30mmt)
iv)i.e. almost raising thereby the daily per capita milk availability from
107 gms to 375 gms & now 427 gm (Present – 471gm /day)
v)due to the operation flood programme -NDDB, Anand, Gujarat
vi)prime aim taken for increase the milk production programme.
vii)The Milk and Milk Product Order (1990) also main in the increase
milk production and availability.

8. CONTINUE
ii) The national milk grid - export trade with other countries.
Few milk products are being exported to other nations. the further
perspectives and plans are summarized in below
a) To establish National Semen Bank of proven bulls
b) To develops promising varieties of fodder seed - available to dairy farmers under
the supervision of feed authority of India.
c) To establish National level additional institutes for biotechnological and dairying
with following aim and objectives

9. Dairy starter culture
Used for Acidification:
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus
Streptococcus thermophilus
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Lactobacillus casei
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
Used for Flavor Development:
Leuconostoc lactis
Leuconostoc citreum
Lactococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis (diacetyl
production for buttery flavor)
Probiotic Cultures
Used for Health Benefits:
Bifidobacterium bifidum
Bifidobacterium longum
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Lactobacillus reuteri
Lactobacillus plantarum
Aromatic Cultures
Used for Flavor and Texture:
Lactobacillus helveticus
Propionibacterium freudenreichii

10. • i) Genetic improvement of animal breed.
•e.g. Holstein Friesian: Known for the highest milk production globally.
•Jersey: Produces milk with high butterfat content.
• ii) Quality improvement in cattle feeds and fodders.
• iii) Improvement in dairy starter culture.
• iv) To secure dairy enzymes.
• Eg. Rennet, Lactase (β-galactosidase), Protease, Lipase

11. Yeast and Mold Cultures
Used in Specialty Cheeses:
Geotrichum candidum (used in surface-ripened cheeses like Camembert)
Penicillium camemberti (white mold for Camembert and Brie)
Penicillium roqueforti (blue mold for Roquefort and Gorgonzola)

12. CONTINUE
v) Efficient whey utilization
vi) To develop new strains and cultures for production of export quality of dairy
products.
vii) India possess first position in its annual milk production in the world and is
expected to constant this position yearly, also in buffalo milk production India
has been ranking first at the world levels.
❖Share and Growth rate (2020-21):
1.Share of Agriculture in GDP – 19.9 %.
2.Share of Livestock sector in Agril. GDP – 28.63%.
3.Share of Livestock sector in GDP – 4.11%.
4.Share of milk industry in Livestock sector GDP- 67.69%.

13. CONTINUE
iii) In India today’s 50 per cent milk as a raw milk is utilized for the consumption in
homes and 50-55 per cent milk is utilized for the processing of preparation of
various dairy products such as,
a)Concentrated milk products – Khoa, Burfi, Pedha, Basundi
b)Acid Coagulated milk products – Channa, Paneer
c)Fermented milk products – Dahi, Chakka, Shrikhand
d)Fat rich products – Ghee, Butter, Butter oil
e)Frozen & dessert milk products – Ice-cream & Kulfi

14. •India's Export of Dairy products was 67,572.99 MT to the world for
the worth Rs. 2,269.85 Crores/ 284.65 USD Millions during the year
2022-23.
•Major Export Destinations (2022-23) :Bangladesh United Arab Emts,
Saudi Arab , USA and Bhutan.
•

15. Present Availability
•The per capita availability of milk in India is much higher than the
world average. In three decades (the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s), the
daily milk consumption in the country rose from a low of 107 grams
per person in 1970 to 427 grams per person in 2020-21 as against
the world average of 322 grams per day during 2021
•Per Capita Availability isevaluated by dividing the annual average and
availability by the population.
• NDDB- National Dairy Development Board's,ANAND GUJRAT-1965
•NDRI- The National Dairy Research Institute , Karnal-1955

18. North India
Punjab:
Verka (Punjab State Cooperative Milk Producers'
Federation)
Milkfed Punjab
Haryana:
Vita (Haryana Dairy Development Cooperative
Federation)
Delhi:
Mother Dairy (National Dairy Development Board
initiative)
Amul (Pan-India presence, prominent in Delhi)
Uttar Pradesh:
Parag (Uttar Pradesh Cooperative Dairy Federation)
Jammu & Kashmir:
Snowcap
JKMPCL (Jammu and Kashmir Milk Producers
Cooperative Limited)
Rajasthan:
Saras (Rajasthan Cooperative Dairy Federation)
West India
Gujarat:
Amul (Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation)
Sagar (Sabar Dairy)
Maharashtra:
Warana
Mahanand (Maharashtra Rajya Sahakari Dudh
Mahasangh Maryadit)
Goa:
Goa Dairy
North-East India
Assam:
Purabi (West Assam Milk Producers’ Cooperative Union)
Meghalaya:
Shillong Dairy Cooperative
Manipur:
Imasung Dairy
Tripura:
Tripura Dairy Cooperative Federation

19. South India
Karnataka:
Nandini (Karnataka Milk Federation)
Tamil Nadu:
Aavin (Tamil Nadu Cooperative Milk
Producers' Federation Limited)
Andhra Pradesh:
Vijaya (Andhra Pradesh Dairy
Development Cooperative Federation)
Telangana:
Vijaya Dairy
Tirumala Milk Products
Kerala:
Milma (Kerala Co-operative Milk
Marketing Federation)
East India
West Bengal:
Mother Dairy
Metro Dairy
Odisha:
Omfed (Odisha State Cooperative Milk
Producers Federation)
Bihar:
Sudha (Bihar State Milk Cooperative
Federation)
Jharkhand:
Medha Dairy
Central India
Madhya Pradesh:
Sanchi (Madhya Pradesh State Cooperative Dairy
Federation)
Chhattisgarh:
Devbhog

20. •Pan-India Brands
•Amul: Originated in Gujarat, now widely available across India.
•Mother Dairy: Based in Delhi, with nationwide availability.

25. CONTINUE
iv) Presently Amul & Mother Dairy is the leading brand in India & It is the
mostly accepted brands for milk and milk products.
Growth rate:
• Growth rate of Indian economy - 4.2% (2019)
• Growth rate of Indian Agriculture - 3.4% (2020-21)
• Growth rate of Indian Livestock sector - 5.6%.
* Source:Livestock Census (various issues), Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India

26. From Milk - Scarce country to Leading Milk producing country in
the world
1960’s
Milk Production –
17 – 22 mt
Milk Scarcity
Dependent on Import
2018
Milk Production –
176 mt
Over 26% global output
Net Exporter
White Revolution & Dairy
Development Scheme
White Revolution 1970 - 1996
Dairy Development Scheme 1997 -2018
World Largest Food & Development
Programme –
Objectives-
1)To increase Milk production
2)To augment income
3)To make available milk to consumers in
cities through national milk grid
1)National Programme for Dairy Development
2)National Dairy Plan Phase – I
3)Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme
4)Supporting State Co-operative Dairy Federation
5)Dairy Processing & infrastructure Development
Fund

27. ❑Before Operation Flood, India faced several challenges in its dairy sector,
such as low milk yields, lack of proper infrastructure, and limited milk
processing capabilities. As a result, the country was heavily dependent on
imports of milk and milk products, leading to a deficit in the availability of
dairy products.
❑Operation Flood, launched on 13 January 1970, was the world's largest
dairy development program and a landmark project of India'sNational Dairy
Development Board (NDDB).
❑It transformed India from a milk-deficient nation into the world's largest
milk producer, surpassing the United States of America in 1998with about
22.29 percent of global output in 2018.
OPERATION FLOOD PROGRAMME

28. ❑Within 30 years, it doubled the milk available per person in Indiaand
made dairy farming India's largest self-sustainable rural employment
generator.
❑The initiative aimed to transform the dairy industry in the country and
make India self-sufficient in milk production.
•India is the highest milk producer and ranks first position in
the world contributing24.64%of global milk production in
the year 2021-22.
•Present -24.76%
•under the leadership of Dr. Verghese Kurien, who is often
referred to as the "Father of the White Revolution."

29. •The initiative had three phases:
•Phase I (1970-1980):
•During this phase, Operation Flood focused on creating a national
milk grid by linking surplus milk-producing regions with deficient
ones.
• It involved setting up dairy cooperatives, providing them with
technical assistance,
•Establishing processing facilities for milk and milk products.

30. •Phase II (1981-1985):
•The second phase aimed at consolidating the gains made in Phase I
and expanding the cooperative network.
•The focus shifted towards increasing the productivity of dairy animals,
•improving the quality of milk, and strengthening the dairy
infrastructure.

31. •Phase III (1985-1996):
•The final phase aimed at achieving sustainability and self-sufficiency
in milk production.
• It involved further expansion of the cooperative network,
•improving the quality of milk and milk products,
• promoting research and development in the dairy sector.

32. •Mechanisms implemented during Operation Flood:
•Dairy Cooperatives:
•formation of dairy cooperatives, eliminating middlemen and ensuring that a
significant portion of the income from milk sales reached the actual
producers.
•Milksheds:
•Operation Flood identified and developed specific geographic regions known
as "milksheds
•create a systematic and efficient flow of milk from surplus areas to deficit
areas, contributing to the establishment of a national milk grid.

33. •Infrastructure Development:
•necessary infrastructure for milk processing, storage, and transportation.
•This included the construction of chilling centers, processing plants, and cold
storage facilities.
•aimed at maintaining the quality of milk, reducing wastage, and ensuring that
surplus milk could be efficiently transported to areas with high demand.
•Technical Support:
•provided technical support to the dairy cooperatives.
•training programs for farmers on improved dairy farming practices, animal
husbandry, and milk handling.

34. •Artificial Insemination and Veterinary Services:
•improve the genetic potential of dairy animals.
•implementation of artificial insemination services to enhance the quality of
livestock.
•Veterinary services were also extended to dairy farmers to address animal
health issues, thereby improving overall milk production.
•Market Linkages:
•facilitated direct connections between dairy cooperatives and consumers,
• reducing dependence on intermediaries and ensuring fair prices for both
producers and consumers.

35. •Credit Facilities:
•financial support for dairy farmers.
•availability of credit and financial services to cooperatives and individual
farmers,
•enabling them to invest in better animal husbandry practices, infrastructure,
and technology.
•Research and Development:
•introduction of new technologies, improved breeding techniques, and the
development of better dairy products.

39. ❖Implementation :
• Operation Flood was implemented in Three phases:
❑ Phase I : 1970 - 1980
❑ Phase II : 1981 - 1985
❑ Phase III : 1985 -1995

40. Operation Flood'sobjectives included:
Increase milk production: The program sought to increase milk production by
promoting the use of high-yielding crossbred cows and improving the
management and feeding practices of dairy animals.
Enhance milk processing: Operation Flood aimed to establish milk processing
facilities, such as dairy cooperatives and milk chilling plants, to ensure proper
storage and transportation of milk from rural areas to urban centers.
Strengthen dairy cooperatives: The program focused on organizing farmers into
cooperatives, empowering them to collectively manage milk collection,
processing, and marketing activities.
Improve milk marketing: Operation Flood aimed to develop an efficient and
transparent milk marketing system to ensure fair prices for farmers and better
availability of milk and dairy products to consumers.
OBJECTIVES & IMPLEMENTATION

41. The implementation of Operation Flood was based
on a three-tier cooperative structure:
•a) Village-level dairy cooperative societies: These societies were
formed at the grassroots level and were responsible for collecting
milk from farmers in the village.
•b) District-level dairy unions: These unions coordinated the activities
of various village-level societies within a district, including milk
procurement, processing, and marketing.
•c) State-level dairy federations: The state federations were
responsible for overseeing and supporting the functioning of district
unions and promoting the overall dairy development in their
respective states.

42. •Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited)
•played a crucial role in the success of Operation Flood.
• It was one of the pioneering dairy cooperatives that spearheaded the
program and became a model for other cooperatives to follow.
•As a result of Operation Flood's success, India became the largest
milk-producing country in the world, surpassing the United States in
the early 1990s.
•This transformation not only enhanced food security but also
contributed to rural development by providing a stable source of
income to millions of dairy farmers across the country.

43. ❖Dr. Verghese Kurien was the
Founder Chairman of National
Dairy Development Board (NDDB)
from 1965 to 1998.
❖ He is the architect of India’s
White Revolution, which helped
India emerge as the largest milk
producer in the world.
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63. References
1. Milk and Milk Products – Winton and Winton (1993), Agrobios (India), Agro. House,
Behind Nasrani Cinema, Chopsani Road, Jodhapur
2.Milk Testing – Davis J. G. Agrobios (India), Agro. House, Behind Nasrani Cinema, Chopsani
Road, Jodhapur.
3.Chemistry of Milk and Milk Products – Singh V. B. (1965), Asian Publishers, New mandi,
Muzaffarnagar.
4.Dairying in India – Gupta, H. A. (1997) Kalyani Publisher, 1/1 Rajinder Nagar, Ludhiana.
5.Outlines of Dairy Technology – Sukumar De (2000) Oxford University Press, New Delhi

64. THANK YOU