10. Scope Of UAV In USA

The given slides provide the information on the evolution of UAV in the USA and its scope in the coming time. The slides previews about the drone startups and famous drones build in the USA.

1. SCOPE OF UAV IN USA BY- MEDHA GUPTA DEVENDER SINGH BOHRA

2. The U.S. military has been, and remains, a world leader in remote targeted killings. The drone has become central to U.S. National Security Strategy. They provide war managers with intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), irrespective of their size. The U.S. military’s fleet of drones varies by size, shape, and sophistication, from the army’s hand-thrown Ravens to the air force’s Global Hawk, which can reach altitudes of sixty thousand feet. The drone funding stood at around $284 million in the year 2000.

3. The Pentagon planned to spend close to $3 billion on drones by the year 2016. Indeed, the Pentagon’s inventory of drones increased forty-fold between the years 2002 and 2010. It owns a fleet of around eleven thousand drones today, hundreds of which are weaponized .

4. Drones have been used for decades in various forms. One of the first recorded uses was by Austrians in July 1849 after they launched around two hundred pilotless balloons mounted with bombs against the city of Venice. Samuel P. Langley developed a range of steam-powered aerodromes i.e. unpiloted aircraft that were flown successfully along the Potomac River near Washington, D.C.

5. The ninety-second flights gave a glimpse of the future in the hovering aerodrome. The practice of aerial surveillance later emerged in the 1898 Spanish–American War when the U.S. military used a camera fitted to a kite to produce the first aerial reconnaissance photographs. Aerial surveillance was used extensively in the World War I.

6. EVOLUTION OF USA DRONES The evolution of U.S. Drones can be understood as the passage of five overlapping phases . Phase 1: The Target Drone Phase 2: The Flying Bomb Phase 3: The Surveillance Drone Phase 4: The Hunter-Killer Drone Phase 5: The Police Drone

7. PHASE 1: THE TARGET DRONE The drone was used as a practice target for military forces in the early twentieth century. Developed in UK and US military shooting ranges, it was of use by the U.S. Army. Some iconic drones were hewitt-sperry automatic airplane and kettering torpedo.

8. PHASE 2: THE FLYING BOMB In the interwar period and into world war II, the drone was imagined as a kind of flying bomb to deliver ordinance across the enemy line. They were trialed across the english channel and used by the U.S air force to cross the battlefield and bomb the nation state. Some iconic drones were glide bomb and modified B-17 bomber ( aphrodite ).

9. PHASE 3: THE SURVEILLANCE DRONE During the cold war, particularly after the Cuban missile crisis, the drone was seen as a viable surveillance platform able to capture intelligence in denied areas. Under the institutions of U.S. Air force and strategic command, drones were used across north Vietnam, Cuba, and china for the surveillance of the battleship and to capture photos i.e. to photograph denied or dangerous areas. Various Firebee drones, also known as lightning bugs, are the iconic drones of this phase.

10. PHASE 4: THE HUNTER-KILLER DRONE Post-September 11, 2001, U.S. Air force, CIA, and JSOC used drones in a military manhunt during the war on terror in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, and Somalia. The drone has been weaponized , fusing surveillance and killing, therefore becoming a combined hunter–killer, or a predator. Iconic drones of this phase are the predator, the reaper drone, and the raven.

11. PHASE 5: THE POLICE DRONE The fifth stage sees the drone refashioned as a policing technology in domestic law enforcement. Drones are being used by the police forces in the U.S. And customs and border patrol in the cities in the global north, used by hobbyists and criminals, to swarm the street and protect the VIP buildings. Various quadcopter drones are being used in this phase.

12. DRONE ADVANCEMENT Drone advancement is allied to the relationship between law and technology. It is involved in the production of geographic knowledge and surveillance, target acquisition, and wider economies of life and death.

13. FAMOUS DRONES OF USA Aerostat Reaper Predator X47-B Global Hawk

14. AEROSTAT These are 200 ft. long tethered fabric balloons filled with helium that float 15000 ft. in the air from a single cable. They can lift weight up to 1200 pounds, including a camera that pans 360 degrees for constant real-time surveillance. Their virtue is that they can stay aloft for months at a time, carrying a heavy load of intelligence equipment. Their shortcoming is that they cannot be moved rapidly for new assignments.

15. REAPER The 36 ft. long reaper, also called the “Hunter-Killer” aircraft is the largest armed drone. It can detect humans and can fire hellfire air-to-surface missiles. It could soon replace the better-known drone predator. It has a 66 ft. long wingspan.

16. PREDATOR It is a 27 ft. long drone with a 55 ft. long wingspan. It is the Cessna-size workhorse that has dominated remotely piloted flight since the September 11, 2001, attacks. The pentagon has 169 predators in its inventory.

17. X47-B It is the navy’s prototype combat drone, and the first combat drone to take off from an aircraft carrier and land on it. It is 38 ft. long and has a 62 ft. long wingspan. It took its first successful test flight (of 29 minutes) on February 7, 2011.

18. GLOBAL HAWK The 44 ft. long UAV, having a wingspan of length 116 ft., is the largest flying drone. It is sometimes described as the “Flying Albino Whale”. Although linked to humans on the ground, global hawks fly mostly on their own, guided by GPS co-ordinates they download from the satellite. They were deployed to Afghanistan in 2001, providing commanders with battlefield images. The global hawk flies higher than the predator and can stay up longer – for almost two days.

19. The Government of Canada wants to buy at least three high-altitude UAVs for Arctic surveillance. Government agencies want to use drones for disaster relief, border surveillance and wildfire fighting. The private companies are planning to use drones for a wide variety of tasks, such as inspecting pipelines and spraying pesticides on farms. Recreational drones became popular in the United States in 2015, with a sale approximation of one million by the end of the year.

20. It is predicted by the U.S. Aviation Officials that there will be 7 million drones in the sky by the year 2020, 2.7 million of which will be used for commercial purposes. Drones are expected to be the most dynamic growth sector within aviation in a few years. The biggest commercial users of drones would be the real estate, agriculture, and insurance industries.

21. The president-elect is in favor of resuming law enforcement access to military equipment. The domestic drone industry shall see a rise in the number of government clients for drones and its interference technology. It seems like yesterday the drone industry was hovering on the horizon, waiting to realize its immense potential. However, drones won renewed attention from investors and manufacturers in the year 2016 for their innovative solutions in an array of commercial applications.

22. The greatest impact of drones will be felt in the future. Drones in the sky, drones in the sea, drones on land – the future of human augmentation lies within.

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