10 society and community bed honors

Society, School and Teacher (B.ed Hons)

1. SOCIETY AND COMMUNITY

2. Society Definition Word society has been taken over from Latin word Socius which means companion or associate. Definitions of society: Giddings : “Society is the union itself, the organization, the sum of formal relations in which associating individuals are bound together.”

3. According to A .W . Green: “ A society is largest group to which any individual belongs”. He further says that “a society is made up of a population, organization, time, place and interest.” According to Maciver : “Society is a system of usages and procedures, of authority and mutual aid, of many groupings and divisions, of controls of human behavior and of liberties.

4. According to Cooley: “Society is a complex of forms or possess each of which is living and growing by interaction with the others, the whole being so unified that what takes place in one part affects all the rest.” Society is the web of social relationship.

5. Characteristics of Society Society is abstract. No one is independent. Organization and disorganization. Likeness and differences. Conflict and co-operation. Elements of solidarity. Self sufficient.

6. Theories regarding the origin and nature of Society. Contract theories. Thomas H obbes: He propounded this theory in his book leviathan. He is of view that in the period of state of nature human beings were selfish and were fighting with each other. Later on to save them from the devastation of their selfish nature they entered in a contract known as the social contract.

7. Johan lock: He in his book ON THE CIVIL GOVERNMENT said that in the state of the nature human being were not selfish and were not fighting with each other but their exist some evil conditions. He termed these evil conditions as ILL CONDTIONS. These ill conditions were the presence of corruption and other social evils.

8. J.J rossue : he in his book social contract mentioned that human being in the state of nature were not selfish and were not fighting with each other. They were innocent, they were not known with any vice and virtue, they were not acquainted with right or wrong. Later on some evil conditions and corruption erupted in the society this deteriorated to the society and in the consequences they entered in the contract for the establishment of the society.

9. Views of imam G hazalli . Shah W alliullah . Organismic theory of the nature of the society. This theory is being propounded by H ebert spencer. Sustaining system. The distributary system, & The regulating system in an organism,  

10. Community Definition: Community is a group of people having common territory, culture, geography, element of we feeling and self sufficiency. Bertrand: Functionally related aggregate of people who live in a particular geographical locality at a particular time, show a common culture are arranged in a social structure and exhibit an awareness of their uniqueness and separate identity as group.

11. Characteristics of Community A group of people living together in an area fulfilling their needs by mutual co-operation. A group of people having a sense of belonging to place of residence creates a sentiment of community. Community is a group having a common culture.

12. Types of Community Rural community Urban community

13. Difference between Rural and Urban Community Rural community Small population Lack in administrative organization Absence of big social institution. Agrarian in nature Scattered housing Urban community Large population. Presence of modern facilities. Modern recreation. Expanding social institution. Division of labor. Heterogeneity. Fast interaction.

14. Difference between Society and community. A society is a large aggregate of people. The society has its limited geographical boundary. The people in a society form a loose group because social interaction among all in such huge population is not possible. A community is a small group of people. Community has no such rigidity in area. The people in community have close social interaction and develop into a group with strong social solidarity.

15. Society No we- feeling . General culture. Self sufficiency is hardly is to be followed. Face to face interaction is not always possible. Community Having element of we- feeling. Local culture. More or less self sufficient. Face to face interaction is to be found.