11th class Biology - Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure and Function

1. CELL

2. Learning Outcome To Introduce cell type To discuss in detail about cell structure To differentiate plant and animal cell

3. Learning Objective What is a cell?

4. Introduction The cell is the fundamental unit of life.

5. Introduction Functions – They provide structure for the body, Take in nutrients from food, Convert those nutrients into energy and carry out special functions. Carry out specialized functions.

6. Introduction Organisms are classified into Unicellular ( single cell) or Multi-cellular (more than one cell)

7. CELL Unicellular Organisms

8. CELL Multicellular Organism

9. CELL

10. CELL

11. CELL

12. Introduction Structure A cell consists of the cell membrane , the nucleus ,  the cytoplasm , and the cell wall .

13. CELL Cells are of different shapes . Example – oval , oblong , elongated , rectangular , irregular , etc.

14. Introduction All the functions inside the body of living organisms are the result of cell activity . In Plants  Absorption of water and minerals, preparation of food, etc. In Animals     Movement , digestion, the release of energy, etc.

15. Learning Outcome To Introduce cell type To discuss in detail about cell structure To differentiate plant and animal cell

16. Structural Organization Of Cell Three basic features that every cell possesses -

17. Structural Organization Of Cell Three basic features that every cell possesses – Plasma membrane or Cell Membrane

18. Structural Organization Of Cell Three basic features that every cell possesses – Plasma membrane or Cell Membrane Nucleus

19. Structural Organization Of Cell Three basic features that every cell possesses – Plasma membrane or Cell Membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm

20. Structural Organization Of Cell Typical cell structure

21. Structural Organization Of Cell Plasma membrane Forms cell’s flexible outer surface.

22. Structural Organization Of Cell Plasma membrane Forms cell’s flexible outer surface. Separate internal and external environment.

23. Structural Organization Of Cell Plasma membrane Forms cell’s flexible outer surface. Separate internal and external environment. Selective barrier.

24. Structural Organization Of Cell Plasma membrane Forms cell’s flexible outer surface. Separate internal and external environment. Selective barrier. Maintain environment for normal cellular activities .

25. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoplasm

26. Structural Organization Of Cell Plasma membrane Forms cell’s flexible outer surface. Separate internal and external environment. Selective barrier. Maintain environment for normal cellular activities . Communication .

27. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoplasm Consists of all cellular contents.

28. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoplasm Cytoplasm has two components : Cytosol Organelles

29. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoplasm Cytosol – Fluid portion.

30. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoplasm Organelle – Each organelle has a characteristic shape and size.

31. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoplasm Examples include ; Cytoskeleton, Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Complex, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Mitochondria. Plastids Vacuoles Nucleus

32. Structural Organization Of Cell Nucleus

33. Structural Organization Of Cell Nucleus Houses cell’s DNA . Produces ribosomes and nucleoli.

34. Structural Organization Of Cell Endoplasmic Reticulum

35. Structural Organization Of Cell Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER synthesizes glycoproteins and phospholipids . Smooth ER synthesizes fatty acids and steroids , such as estrogen and testosterone .

36. Structural Organization Of Cell Ribosome

37. Structural Organization Of Cell Ribosome Synthesize proteins . Attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum .

38. Structural Organization Of Cell Golgi Complex

39. Structural Organization Of Cell Golgi Complex Modifies , sorts , package and transfer proteins received from rough ER. Forms secretory vesicles, membrane vesicles and transport vesicles.

40. Structural Organization Of Cell Lysosomes

41. Structural Organization Of Cell Lysosomes Digest substances via endocytosis . Carry out autophagy . Implement autolysis .

42. Structural Organization Of Cell Peroxisome

43. Structural Organization Of Cell Peroxisome Oxidizes amino acids and fatty acids . Detoxifies harmful substances such as hydrogen peroxide .

44. Structural Organization Of Cell Mitochondria

45. Structural Organization Of Cell Mitochondria Generate ATP. Play important role in Apoptosis.

46. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoskeleton

47. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoskeleton Serve as scaffold. Determine cell’s shape. Organize cellular contents.

48. Structural Organization Of Cell Cytoskeleton Determine cell’s shape. Organize cellular contents. Aid movement of organelles

49. Structural Organization Of Cell Centrosomes Contains Tubulins . Forms mitotic spindle during cell division.

50. Structural Organization Of Cell Centrosomes

51. Structural Organization Of Cell Cilia and Flagella

52. Structural Organization Of Cell Cilia and Flagella Cilia moves fluid along a cell’s surface.

53. Structural Organization Of Cell Cilia and Flagella Cilia moves fluid along a cell’s surface. A flagellum moves an entire cell .

54. Structural Organization Of Cell Plastids

55. Structural Organization Of Cell Plastids Present only in plant cells . It contains chlorophyll pigment known as Chloroplasts . Plastids possess DNA and Ribosomes .

56. Structural Organization Of Cell Vacuoles

57. Structural Organization Of Cell Vacuoles Storage sacs contain solid or liquid materials. Plant cells vacuoles are filled with cell sap , provide turgidity and rigidity to the cell.

58. Learning Outcome To Introduce cell type To discuss in detail about cell structure To differentiate plant and animal cell

59. Plant Cell And Animal Cell

60. Plant Cell And Animal Cell PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL 1. Plant cells are larger than animal cells. 1. Animal cells are generally smaller in size. 2. The plasma membrane of plant cells is surrounded by a rigid cell wall called cellulose. 2. Cell wall is absent. 3. Plastids are present. 3. Except the protozoan Euglena, no animal cell possesses plastids. 4. Most mature plant cells have a permanent and large central sap vacuole. 4. Vacuoles in animal cells are many, small and temporary. 5. Plant cells have many simpler units of Golgi apparatus, called dictyosomes. 5. Animal cells have a single highly complex and prominent Golgi apparatus. 6. Plant cells lack centrosomes and centrioles. 6. Animal cells have centrosomes and centrioles.

61. Learning Outcome To Introduce cell type To discuss in detail about cell structure To differentiate plant and animal cell

62. Learning Activity Distinguish Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cell?

63. Whiteboard