137593776-National-Housing-Policy.ppt

NHP

1. NATIONAL HOUSING POLICY
INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF MYSORE,

2. 2
Shelterisabasichumanneednextonlytofoodandclothing.Attheendofthe
10thFiveYearPlan,thehousingshortageisestimatedtobe24.7million.
urbanareasinourcountryarealsocharacterizedbysevereshortageofbasic
serviceslikepotablewater,welllaidoutdrainagesystem,seweragenetwork,
sanitationfacilities,electricity,roadsandappropriatesolidwastedisposal.
ItistheseshortagesthatconstitutetherationaleforNationalHousing&Habitat
policy2007focusonhousingandbasicservicesinurbanareas.
Thispolicyintendstopromotesustainabledevelopmentofhabitatinthe
countrywithaviewtoensuringequitablesupplyofland,shelterandservicesat
affordablepricestoallsectionsofsociety.
INTRODUCTION

3. Need for Policy
3
“Urban”inIndiaisdefinedasahumansettlementwithaminimumpopulation
of5000persons,with75%ofthemaleworkingpopulationengagedinnon-
agriculturalactivitiesandapopulationdensityofatleast400personspersq.
km.
Further,allstatutorytownshavingaMunicipalCorporation,MunicipalCouncil
orNagarPanchayataswellasaCantonmentBoardareclassifiedas“urban.”
India’surbanpopulationin2001was286.1million,whichwas27.8%ofthe
totalpopulation.Overthepreviousfivedecades,annualratesofgrowthof
urbanpopulationrangedbetween2.7to3.8%.
Duringthelastdecadeof1991-2001,urbanpopulationofIndiaincreasedatan
annualgrowthrateof2.7%,whichwas0.4%lowerthanthatregisteredduring
theprecedingdecade.
Urbanization and Development:

4. 4
In2001,68.7%ofthetotalurbanpopulationwaslivinginClassIcities
(definedascitieshavingapopulationofover100,000).Thesharesofmediumand
smalltownsinthetotalpopulationstoodat21.9%and9.4%respectively.
Thespotlightisfocusedonthemismatchbetweendemandandsupplyof
housingunits.99%ofthehousingshortageof24.7millionattheendofthe10th
PlanpertainstotheEconomicallyWeakerSections(EWS)andLowIncome
Groups(LIG)sectors.
Itis,therefore,ofvitalimportancethatanewNationalUrbanHousingand
HabitatPolicycarefullyanalyseswaysandmeansofprovidingthe‘Affordable
HousingtoAll’withspecialemphasisontheEWSandLIGsectors.
Need for Policy

5. 5
Housing Need
ThemagnitudeofhousingshortagewasestimatedbyaTechnicalGroupin
thecontextofformulationofthe11thFiveYearPlan.
TheTechnicalGroupestimatedthehousingshortageattheendofthe10th
Plantobearound24.7millionfor67.4millionhouseholds.TheGroupfurther
estimatedthat99%ofthisshortagepertainstoEWS&LIGsectors.
Duringthe11thPlan,theGroupestimatedthatthetotalhousingrequirement
(includingbacklog)willbetothetuneof26.53millionunitsfor75.01million
households.

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Whereasmorethan23%oftheurbanpopulationresidesinslum
(Census:2001),amuchhigherproportionoftheurbanpopulationof
metropolitancitieslivesinslums;itisestimatedthat55%ofthepopulationof
Mumbailivesinslums.
Thetotalestimatedinvestmentformeetingthehousingrequirementupto
2012wasestimatedtobeoftheorderofRs.3,61,318.10croresconsistingof
Rs.1,47,195croresformitigatinghousingshortageatthebeginningof11thPlan
andRs.2,14,123.10croresfornewadditionstobemadeduringthe11thPlan
period(thisincludesconstructionofpuccahouses&upgradationofsemi-pucca
andkutchahousingunits).
Housing Need

7. Provideadequate,comfortable,qualityandaffordablehousingtoenhancethe
sustainabilityofthequalityoflifeofthepeople.
EncouragingStateGovernments,UrbanLocalBodies,Development
AuthoritiestoperiodicallyupdatetheirMasterPlansandZoningPlanswhich
should,interaliaadequatelyprovideforhousingandbasicservicesforthe
urbanpoor.
Promotingbalancedurban-ruralplanningbyfollowingtheRegionalPlanning
Approach,takethewholeState/UTasaregion,undertheTown&Country
PlanningActsintheStates.
Planning of Mass Rapid Transit Systems (MRTS) at the city Metropolitan
Planning Area and Sub-region levels.
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Aims of National Housing
Policy

8. InnovativespatialincentiveslikerelaxationofFloorAreaRatio(FAR)for
ensuringthat20-25%oftheFARarereservedforEWS/LIGandissuanceof
TransferableDevelopmentRights(TDR)forclearanceoftransportbottlenecks
intheinner-cityareasandavailabilityofadditionalFARinOuterZoneswill
bepromotedwithaviewtomeetingthehousingshortageamongstEWS/LIG.
CarefulreviewofauthorizedFloorAreaRatio(FAR)inlinewithinternational
Practicesforallowingmoreefficientuseofscarceurbanlandbyconstruction
ofhighrisebuildings.
Facilitatingaccessibilitytoservicedlandandhousingwithfocuson
economicallyweakersectionsandlowincomegroupcategories.
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Aims of National Housing
Policy

9. Objective 1:Providing adequate and quality housing with comprehensive
facilities and a conducive environment;
Objective 2:Enhancing the capability and accessibility of the people to own
or rent houses; and
Objective 3:Setting future direction to ensure the sustainability of the
housing sector
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Objectives of National Housing
Policy

10. 10
Thrusts and Policy Statement

11. Thethreepolicystatements:
EnhancingtheroleoftheStateGovernmentagencies,besidesthe
FederalGovernmentagenciesandtheprivatesectorincontinuingtheeffortsof
providingaffordablehousesforrentorforsale.
Providinghousingforallespeciallylow-costhousesforthelow-incomegroup
andencouragingtheprovisionofmedium-costhousesforthemiddle-income
group;and
StateGovernmentsaregivenflexibilityindeterminingthequotaoflow-cost
housestobebuiltinmixed-developmentareasbasedonthesuitabilityofthe
locationandlocaldemand.
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Thrust1:ProvisionofAdequateHousingBasedontheSpecificNeedsof
TargetGroups.

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Thrust 2: Improving the Quality and Productivity of Housing Development
Thethreepolicystatements:
Theuseofskilled,trainedandaccreditedworkersforconstruction
workstoraisethequalityofconstructionthroughapprovedand
accreditedsystems;
Settingthequalitystandardsandminimumhousingspecifications;and
Increasingtheuseoflocalbuildingmaterials.

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Formulating,improvingandenforcinglaws,regulationsandguidelinespertainingtothehousing
sector;
EnhancingtheGovernment’sservicedeliverysystemrelatedtohousingthroughpolicy
coordinationandimplementationinvolvingvariousagencies;
EncouragingtheBTSconceptinthehousingprovisionsystem;
Improvingrelationsandcollaborationamongthepublicandprivatesectoraswellasprofessional
bodiesinthehousingsector;and
Publichousingprogrammersatthefederallevelareplacedundertheresponsibilityofasingle
federalagencywhichplans,implements,sells/rentsandmaintainsthem.StateGovernmentsare
stillresponsibleforpublichousingprogrammesatthestatelevelthroughtheirsubsidiary
agencies.
The five policy statements:
Thrust3:IncreasingtheEffectivenessofImplementationandEnsuring
ComplianceoftheHousingServiceDeliverySystem

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Thrust 4: Improving the Ability of the People to Own and Rent Houses
Thethreepolicystatements:
Settingpricesforlow-costhousesaswellascontrollingownershipand
salestoavoidspeculation;
Settingarealisticrentalrateforlow-costhouses;and
Providingfinancialsupportforthelowincomegroupinordertoown
houses.

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Thrust 5: Sustainability of the Housing Sector
Thethreepolicystatements
Increasingtheuseofnewtechnologies,innovationandprovisionof
environmental-friendlyhousing;
Improvingresearchanddevelopment(R&D)effortsinthehousingsector;
and
Encouragingurbanrenewalandredevelopmentofoldbuildingsinline
withtheGovernment’sobjectiveforconservationandpreservation
purposes.

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Thrust 6: Enhancing the Level of Social Amenities, Basic Services and
Livable Environment
Thethreepolicystatements
Providinghousingandsustainabledevelopmentcompletewithbasic
amenitiesandfacilitiesbasedonstandardsandcurrentneedsaswellasother
socialneedstocreateaconduciveandliveableenvironment;
Strengtheningthemanagementmechanismandmaintenanceofstratified
buildingsandcommonproperties;and
ImplementingtheconceptofSafeCityinhousingareas.

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ItwillbetheEndeavouroftheCentralGovernmentincollaborationwith
governmentsinStates/UTs,UrbanLocalBodiesandotheragenciesto
implementtheaimsoftheNationalUrbanHousingandHabitatPolicy,2007
throughaction-orientedinitiativesatalllevelsofGovernment.Towardsthis
end,AnnualActionPlanswillalsobepreparedatvariouslevels.
Role of Government, Urban Local Bodies
and Other Agencies:
TheCentralGovernmentwouldcreateaSupportiveEnvironment:
Act as a ‘facilitator’ and ‘enabler’ with significant actionable steps being taken
by State Governments, Urban Local Bodies, Parastatals and Private & Co-
operative Sector and Non Government Organizations.

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CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
Legal&RegulatoryFramework:Encourageadoptionofcriticalurban
reformsrelatingtomunicipallaws,buildingbyelaws,simplificationoflegal
andproceduralframeworks,propertytitleverificationsystemandalliedareas.
HousingFinance
DevelopsuitablefiscalconcessionsincollaborationwiththeMinistryof
Financeforpromotionofhousingandurbaninfrastructurewithspecialfocus
onEWS/LIGbeneficiariescombinedwithamonitoringmechanismfor
effectivetargeting.Further,facilitateviabilitygapfundingofintegratedslum
developmentprogrammerswiththeconsentofPlanningCommissionand
MinistryofFinance.

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STATE GOVERNMENT
Act as a facilitator and enabler in collaboration with ULBs/parastatals/ Private
Sector/Co operative Sector/NGOs with regard to Integrated Slum Development
Projects as well as Integrated Township Development Projects.
Legal & Regulatory Framework
Enable urban local bodies to take up regulatory and development functions.
SkillUpgradation
Facilitatetrainingandskillupgradationofconstructionworkers.
ManagementInformationSystem
DevelopappropriateManagementInformationSystemfordifferentlevelof
governance.

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Public-PrivatePartnerships
EncourageCooperativeGroupHousingSocieties,EmployeesOrganizations,
labourhousingpromotionorganization,Non-GovernmentOrganizations(NGO)
andCommunityBasedOrganizations(CBO)tohavePartnershipswithUrban
LocalBodies/Parastatalsinrelationtohousingrelatedmicrofinanceand
housingdevelopment.
Research&Development(R&D)
PromoteR&Dactivitiesinthefieldofbuildingmaterialsandtechnologiesand
promotetheiruseinhousingandinfrastructureprojects.
STATE GOVERNMENT

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Research and Development, Standardization and
Technology Transfer Organizations
Undertakeresearchtorespondtodifferentclimaticconditionswithafocus
ontransitionfromconventionaltoinnovative,costeffectiveandenvironment
friendlytechnologies.
Developandpromotestandardsinbuildingcomponents,materialsand
constructionmethodsincludingdisastermitigationtechniques.
Intensifyeffortsfortransferofinnovativetechnologiesandmaterialsfrom
labtofield.
Acceleratewatersheddevelopmenttoconservewater,stopsoilerosionand
re-generatetreecoverinordertoimprovehabitat.

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TheCentralGovernmentwillencourageandsupporttheStatestopreparea
StateUrbanHousingandHabitatPolicyandalsoaStateUrbanHousing&
HabitatActionPlan.
ThismayincludepassingofspecificActsbytheStates/UTs(with
legislature)forachievingthehousingpolicyobjectivesthroughlegal&
regulatoryreforms,fiscalconcessions,financialsectorreformsand
innovationsintheareaofresourcemobilizationforhousingandrelated
infrastructuredevelopmentattheState/UTlevel.
ACTION PLAN

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THE ULTIMATE GOLE
TheultimategoalofthisPolicyistoensuresustainabledevelopmentofall
urbanhumansettlements,dulyservicedbybasiccivicamenitiesforensuring
betterqualityoflifeforallurbancitizens.
TheActionPlanattheState/UTlevelinthisregardmustbepreparedwith
theactiveinvolvementofallstakeholders.
TheNationalUrbanHousingandHabitatPolicy,2007alsolaysspecial
emphasisonprovisionofsocialhousingfortheEWS/LIGcategoriessothat
theyarefullyintegratedintothemainstreamofecologicallywell-balanced
urbandevelopment.

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Reference:
NationalUrbanHousingandHabitatPolicy2007,MinistryofHousing&Urban
PovertyAlleviation,GovernmentofIndia,NewDelhi.
www.rehdainstitute.com/landed-or-high-rise/71.htm

25. Thank You