2.2 Aspects and Approaches to environmental management.pptx

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1. Environmental Geography- II Class:- S.Y.B.Sc. Semester: IV Course No: Gg.241 Topic: 2 Environmental Planning and Management Sub Topic: Aspects and Approaches to environmental management Mr. P. C. Gangurde S.V.K.T. ASC College, Deolali Camp

2. Concept of Environmental Management: The ecological balance and ecosystem stability are duly maintained by the nature itself but the emergence of modern industrial era has disturbed the ecological balance through heavy industrialization, technological revolution, faster growth of means of transportation, rapacious exploitation of resources, unplanned urbanization etc.. In other words, the anthropogenic activities of modern ‘economic and technological’ man have disturbed the harmonious relationships between the environment and human beings. Environmental management is thus, the process to improve the relationship between the human beings and environment which may be achieved through check on destructive activities of man, conservation, protection, regulation and regeneration of nature.

3. The process, environmental management is related to the rational adjustment of man with nature involving judicious exploitation and utilization of natural resources without disturbing the ecosystem balance and ecosystem equilibrium. If the natural resources are overexploited, it will affect socio-economic development of a nation. Thus, environmental management must take into consideration the ecological principles and socioeconomic needs of the society i.e., it involves socio economic developments on one hand and maintenance of environmental quality on other hand.

4. Scope and Aspects of Environmental Management: Environmental management is very wide in scope and includes all the technical, economical and other aspects of environment. The broader objectives of environmental management includes: (i) To identify the environmental problem and to find its solution. (ii) To restrict and regulate the exploitation and utilization of natural resources. (iii) To regenerate degraded environment and to renew natural resources (renewable) (iv) To control environmental pollution and gradation. (v) To reduce the impacts of extreme events and natural disaster. (vi) To make optimum utilization of natural resources. (vii) To assess the impacts of proposed projects and activities on environment. (viii) To review and revise the existing technologies and make them ecofriendly. (ix) To formulate laws for the implementation of environmental protection and conservation programmes .

5. Aspects of Environmental Management: An organisation’s activities, products and services that interact with the environment are referred to as “aspects”, which may have a negative or positive impact on the environment. Typically, aspects might include emissions to air, discharges to water and waste arisings, which in turn may generate environmental and health impacts such as global warming, water pollution or contaminated land. Managing environmental aspects and impacts is arguably the most important component of an environment management system. An environmental aspect is an element of an organisation’s activities, products, and services that can interact with the environment. These can include discharges to water, emissions to air, waste and use of natural resources and materials.

6. 2. Environmental education and training: Environmental education and training should be given at school, college and University levels by professionals 1. Environmental perception and public awareness: (a) Sources of environmental perception and public awareness. (b) Level of environmental perception. (c) Role of environmental perception in environmental planning and management

7. 3. Resource management: (i) Classification of natural resources (ii) Survey and evaluation of ecological resources (iii) Preservation of resources (iv) Conservation of resources 4. Control of Environmental degradation and pollution: (i) Control of environmental degradation and pollution. (ii) Adopting suitable preventive mechanisms to reduce natural hazards and disaster. (iii) Regeneration of degraded environment.

8. 5. Environmental impact assessment: (i) Appraisal of existing environmental conditions (ii) Appraisal of existing and proposed production methods (iii) Methodologies and procedures (iv) Probable impacts of existing and proposed project. (v) Review of technology and required improvement.

9. Approaches to environmental management The best approach to environmental management is an integrated approach in which all the components of the environment are taken into consideration and its proper management, as a whole, is done. 1) Spatial Approach 2) Preservative Approach 3) Conservative Approach 4) Holistic Approach 5) Monistic Approach 6) System Approach 7) Specialist Discipline Approach 8) Economic or Commercial Approach 9) Integrated Approach

10. Spatial Approach Local Regional Global Spatial Approach considers the management of environment at 3 levels- 1. Local level 2. Regional level 3. Global level At global level, the spatial dimension and management strategies may be chalked out on the basis of needs, aspirations, perceptions, priorities and inhibitions of the individuals, society and government. Conservation Preservation Ecological approach considers the management of ecological resources to save the environment. It has two methods to manage ecology. 1. Conservation: To utilize the natural environment for social needs but a simultaneous effort to maintain the ecological balance. 2. Preservation: To save some species or natural environments from social utilization in order to protect them

11. “The Holistic Approach to Environment” deals with exploring possibilities and developing the models of benevolent co-existence of all beings on Earth. It does not deal solely with one segment of environment, but it sees the life on the planet as a whole. It promote benevolent co-existence of all beings on Earth taking the perspective of certain sciences, e.g. ecology, chemistry, chemical technology, biology, zoology, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, philosophy, integrative bioethics, etc. and finding the solutions to the actual environmental issues of today.