2. DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION for literature

literature

1. DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION

2. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION? DENOTATION - is the precise, literal definition of a word that might be found in a dictionary CONNOTATION - refers to the wide array of positive and negative associations that most words naturally carry with them - the extra meanings or feelings we attach to words because of the way they are used in our culture.

3. BLUE DENOTATIVE MEANING: - a color intermediate between green and violet, as of the sky or sea on a sunny day. Connotative meaning: - sadness

4. CHICKEN DENOTATIVE MEANING: - a domestic bird used for meat and laying eggs Connotative meaning: - someone who is fearful or cowardly

5. TWINKLE DENOTATIVE MEANING: - to shine or glow Connotative meaning: - a sparkle or gleam in a person’s eyes

6. ANALYZE THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND GIVE ITS DIFFERENCE: HOME HOUSE RESIDENCE

7. EXAMPLES OF DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION Those who are lonely and detached live in a house. Those who live with loved ones and in happiness live in a home.

8. EXAMPLES OF DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION A mother and father have procreated. A mom and dad are loving parents.

9. EXAMPLES OF DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION “The barn door is open when I arrive, a lantern hung at the post. Father is already inside, spreading hay. He’s a frail figure in the darkness, his tall body sunken into itself. Just three months ago, he was hearty and robust, his blond hair untouched by gray. Then the red pox came, sickening him and Mother. Now he’s stooped and faded, with the rheumy eyes and wispy hair of someone decades older.” – The Gilded Ones

10. OPEN-END QUALITY Lila Lopez-Chua I like open ends too. A house with a front door And a back open Where you can skip in and out And not be some bread Suffered into a toaster Charred and burnt With no other choice But to lie in there ‘Til some nut comes To help you out. I do not want to be helpless Like some jack-in-the-box Always waiting for Jackie Boy To loosen an end To stick my neck out Only to be smashed Flat, till the tip of my head Meets the base of my feet. I want to stretch my arms And legs far and wide To shed off my shadow If I like – To take off my head, body Legs and arms and Run around only with myself. Naked and perfect, An open-end quality.

11. OPEN-END QUALITY Lila Lopez-Chua What are the things the persona likes and doesn’t like? What must be his/her struggle? What might be the real yearnings of the speaker? What kind of feeling is expressed in this line: “ always waiting for Jackie Boy” ? What are the other implications and suggestions of the poem? Recall the times in your life when you just wanted to be yourself or be free?

12. Change Angela Manalang -Gloria I have outgrown them all, and one by one, These loves I took so mightily to heart Before you came: the dolls that overran My childhood hours and taught me fairy art; The books I ravished by the censored score: Music that like delirium burned my days; The golden calf I fashioned to adore When lately I forsook the golden phrase. And thus I shall outgrow this love for you. Sooner or later I shall put away This jeweled ecstasy for something new. Brand me not fickle on that fatal day: Bereft of change that is my drink and bread, I would not love you now. I would be dead. 

13. Change Angela Manalang -Gloria the dolls that overran my childhood days Denotation: Connotation: the books I ravished Denotation: Connotation:

14. Change Angela Manalang -Gloria music that like delirium burned my days Denotation: Connotation: this jeweled ecstasy Denotation: Connotation:

15. Change Angela Manalang -Gloria In the first stanza, what are the things that the speaker used to do and love? Why do you think she left them? Did you love the same things the speaker did? Do you still love those things? In the second stanza, what is the apprehension or fear of the speaker? What doesthe speaker means by the line “ drink and bread”? Why does the speaker treasure " change"so much?

16. Imagery in Poetry

17. Definition The use of figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. Makes use of particular words that create visual representation of ideas in our minds.

18. Image Images are essentially word-pictures and they usually work by a method of association. This means that the images are created by associations that we make. For example, the word " red “, it immediately creates an image or picture of the color red in our minds. This color is associated or has connotations with other feelings or images, like anger, and this increases the depth of the poem.

19. Imagery in Poetry Imagery refers to the "pictures" which we perceive with our mind's eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin, and through which we experience the "duplicate world" created by poetic language. Imagery evokes the meaning and truth of human experiences not in abstract terms, as in philosophy, but in more perceptible and tangible forms.

20. Why poet use imagery? A good poet does not use imagery -- that is, images in general -- merely to decorate a poem. He does not ask Himself, "How can I dress up my subject so that it will seem fancier than it is?" Rather, he asks himself, "How can I make my subject appear to the reader exactly as it appears to me?"

21. What is the function of Imagery? Imagery helps solve a problem, for it enables to present the subject as it is: as it looks, smells, tastes, feels and sounds. To the reader imagery is equally important: it provides imagination with something palpable to seize upon.

22. Type of Imagery Poetry appeals directly to ours sense: to see : visual images To hear : auditory imagery To smell : olfactory imagery To taste : gustatory imagery To touch : tactile imagery An internal sensation : organic imagery A movement/tension : kinesthetic imagery

23. Visual Imagery pertains to sight, and allows readers to visualize events or places or people For example: “It was dark and dim in the forest”

24. Auditory Imagery pertains to a sound, and allows the reader to hear the sound in their mind For example: “Buzzing of the bees and chirping of the birds”

25. Olfactory Imagery pertains to an odor or smell For example: “He whiffed the aroma of brewed coffee”

26. Gustatory Imagery pertains to a taste For example: “The fresh and juicy orange are very cold and sweet”

27. Tactile Imagery pertains to a texture or sensation of touch For example: “The girl ran her hands on a soft satin fabric”

28. Identify if the statements are Visual, Auditory, Olfactory, Gustatory, or Tactile The hand that held my wrist. The whiskey on your breath. My right ear scraped a buckle The wind touches my skin The buzzing of the bees His breath like a skunk’s fart Face as rough as a sandpaper The setting of the orange sun A love that’s like licking a sugar filled candy She talks like a candy cane.

29. A MIRA (Mae Monteclaro Roca) My consciousness is lulled Racing through oceans and miles Nibbling over my fingers The number of days and months Tracing in anxiety Through the mirror of my mind The image of the infant I couldn't help But leave behind. Her coos and cry Are now all echoes Being reviewed in my skull Hopelessly capturing a sight Of her growing up An unfolding so beautiful That I will never witnessed At all .

30. Write the denotative and connotative of the underlined words. She is my baby. The sea breeze on the beach was welcoming. The hiker was petrified when he noticed a mountain lion five feet away. The couple has a commitment to each other. She talks like a candy cane .

31. FIGURE OF SPEECH

32. FIGURE OF SPEECH It is an integral part of any language, which is used extensively not only in our day-to-day speech but also in written texts and oral  literature . These are words or phrases used in a distinctive way to produce a rhetorical effect. To say it in very simple terms, it is a phrase whose actual meaning is different from its literal meaning.

33. FIGURE OF SPEECH SIMILE METAPHOR IRONY PERSONIFICATION HYPERBOLE OXYMORON IDIOM ALLITERATION ONOMATOPOEIA

34. FIGURE OF SPEECH SIMILE compares two things that are different from each other but have similar qualities. These are generally formed through the usage of the words ‘as’ or ‘like’. Example : He is as brave as a lion. Her expression was as cold as ice. Swim like a fish. As light as a feather.

35. FIGURE OF SPEECH METAPHOR used to imply a comparison between two things that have something in common but are in general different from each other. Example : It is raining cats and dogs He is the star of our class Life is a highway. Her eyes were diamonds.

36. FIGURE OF SPEECH IRONY or sarcasm in which the usage of words conveys the opposite of their literal meaning. These are often used in a humorous manner. Example : Your hands are as clean as mud. The dinner you served was as hot as ice. Coming home to a big mess and saying, “it’s great to be back”. Telling a rude customer to “have a nice day”.

37. FIGURE OF SPEECH PERSONIFICATION attributes human nature or human qualities to abstract or inanimate objects. Example : The opportunity knocked at his door The plants in her house silently begged to be watered Lightning danced across the sky The wind howled in the night.

38. FIGURE OF SPEECH HYPERBOLE consists of an exaggeration. It is the usage of exaggerated terms in order to emphasize or heighten the effect of something. Example : I have told you a million times to not touch my stuff! She has got a pea-sized brain I’m so hungry I could eat a horse. She’s as old as the hills.

39. FIGURE OF SPEECH OXYMORON should not be confused with ironies and paradoxes, links two opposing ideas at once. This indicates that two opposing concepts are utilized inside a single sentence to create levity. Example : This is another fine mess you have got us into. Suddenly the room filled with a deafening silence. The comedian was seriously funny. You are clearly confused by the situation you have found yourself in.

40. FIGURE OF SPEECH IDIOM group of words which have a different meaning when used together from the one they would have if you took the meaning of each word separately Example : My mom was feeling a bit under the weather. My younger brother is the apple of my eye. It was her chance to speak and she was getting cold feet. Talking to my mom about my grades made me feel like I was walking on eggshells.

41. FIGURE OF SPEECH ALLITERATION a sentence that consists of a series of words that have the same consonant sound at the beginning. Example : She sells sea shells on the seashore. A good cook could cook as many cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies. All Adam ate in August was apples and almonds. Barry bought a book to bring to the backyard barbecue.

42. FIGURE OF SPEECH ONOMATOPOEIA used to express a sound. It involves the use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the action or object referred to. Example : The buzzing bee flew over my head. The stone hit the water with a splash. The boulder hit the ground with a flump. Leaves rustle in the wind and are whipped into the air.

43. FIGURE OF SPEECH The thief was as sly as a fox. SIMILE

44. FIGURE OF SPEECH The camel is the ship of the desert. METAPHOR

45. FIGURE OF SPEECH The wave of the sea did not go as far as my heart. HYPERBOLE

46. FIGURE OF SPEECH Can you hear the clicks coming from the roof? ONOMATOPOEIA

47. FIGURE OF SPEECH Mr. Sharma thought the sweets were calling him. PERSONIFICATION

48. FIGURE OF SPEECH The sausages tasted awfully good. OXYMORON

49. FIGURE OF SPEECH Sheena was as proud as a peacock. SIMILE

50. FIGURE OF SPEECH I would forgive you when pigs fly. HYPERBOLE

51. FIGURE OF SPEECH The soldier jumped on the enemies like a hungry lion. SIMILE

52. FIGURE OF SPEECH The dentist had a severe toothache. IRONY

53. FIGURE OF SPEECH My sister is an encyclopedia of movie trivia. METAPHOR

54. FIGURE OF SPEECH Jerry is a goat. METAPHOR

55. FIGURE OF SPEECH The sun smiled down on the children playing in the park. The idea was as refreshing as a cold lemonade on a scorching day. He attacked the task like a bull charging at a red flag. Books are the keys to the kingdom of knowledge. The fireman was scared of fire.

56. FIGURE OF SPEECH 6. The roses seemed to sing a sweet melody in the garden. 7. The wind whispered secrets through the rustling leaves. 8. I’ll start dieting when elephants fly. 9. I could not sleep through my mother’s snort during the night. 10. The wave of the sea did not go as far as my heart.

57. FIGURE OF SPEECH 11. Fear gripped him with its chilling hands. 12. My sister is an encyclopedia of movie trivia. 13. The cake was disgustingly delicious. 14. She strutted around as vain as a peacock. 15. It’s been raining so heavily, it’s like the sky is falling.