Chapter 1
Introduction: Sustainable Development
Goals and India
Sachin Chaturvedi, T. C. James, Sabyasachi Saha and Prativa Shaw
AbstractThe concept of sustainable developmentfinds echo in the writings of
early economists like Malthus when he talks about depletion of natural resources.
The United Nations has been seized of the idea at least since the Human
Development Conference held in Stockholm in 1972. The Introduction presents a
brief history of the concept of sustainable development and the evolution of
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It expounds how the concept gels with
India’s own development policies and commitments and India’s development
paradigm shifted from quantity to quality in its efforts to achieve the SDGs, which
is the focus of the volume. Introduction also contains a brief overview of all the
other chapters.
The concept of‘sustainability’has been built in as a paradigm to measure devel-
opment with the United Nations (UN) resolution on‘Transforming Our World: the
2030 Agenda for Development’, adopted by the UN General Assembly on 25th
September 2015 in view of the increasing concerns on environmental damages
caused by the existing development pattern. The roots of the issue, however, go
back to the times when human beings started settlements and resorted to agriculture
as a means for ensuring sustainable supply of grains at these habitats. While
agriculture was using biological resources in large scale, it also generated plenty of
such resources. With the industrial revolution use of fossil fuel increased enor-
mously and consequential generation of carbon gas, over the time environmental
damages were becoming visible. Increase in human population and competing
economies were leading to depletion of natural resources at a faster pace than
replacement. Thomas Robert Malthus had addressed the repercussions of depletion
of resources in his famous work,An Essay on the Principle of Population as It
S. ChaturvedifiT. C. James (&)fiS. SahafiP. Shaw
Core IVB India Habitat Centre, Research and Information System for Developing Countries
(RIS), Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India
e-mail:
[email protected]
©Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
S. Chaturvedi et al. (eds.),2030 Agenda and India: Moving from Quantity
to Quality, South Asia Economic and Policy Studies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9091-4_1
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