21ee753module2-3imddidsticrolesresp.pptx

2nd module and 3rd module

1. DISASTERS MANAGEMENT (21EE753) *

2. Action Plan for cyclone disaster management Action Plan-Phase 1(Before) Action Plan-Phase II(During) Action Plan-Phase III(After) *

3. Action Plan for cyclone disaster management Three phases Phase1 Phase II Phase III * Before the commencement of cyclone effect During the cyclone effect After cyclone crossing the coast and weakening Before During After

4. Action Plan Phase I * IMD Maritime State district collectors MROs, Division officers, District Heads Village Local committees, Sarpanchs, Local village level officers Mass Publicity by drums and beats

5. Immediate actions have to be taken by the committee *

6. Actions to be taken by Authorities *

7. Action Plan Phase II *

8. Immediate action Taken by the Committee *

9. Action Plan Phase III(After) *

10. OutLook Of Disaster *

11. Role of Different Institutions' in Natural Disaster Management Role of Panchayat Raj *

12. Gram Panchayats *

13. Mandal Parishads *

14. Zilla Parishad *

15. Role of PRA( Participatory Rural Appraisal )Groups The PRA group generally consists village elders, prominent men, ward members, councilors, teachers, doctors etc. PRA is a set of tools that can be adopted to increase the ability of the community to analyze, understand and share with others of the life and their living environment. It enables them to go for a process to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate their nature of life and the living environment *

16. Role of PRA *

17. Applications of PRA Community or people be informed the basic aim of collection of information. The sharing of information with them should be friendly and in helpful atmosphere. Encourage the people to share their information and advisories in their own way. Complete freedom be given to express their views and which shall be noted. They should not be restricted to express their views. Each PRA group may be composed of 5 to 6 members. Selection of members in a group in different areas may be composed of different strata of community. To extract or collect information frame the questions in different ways. The involvement of local people (in PRA groups) in hazard preparedness, a number of activities have to be planned, organised, monitored and executed by the role players and stake holders to reduce the loss of life and damages. *

18. Disaster Management Gol-UNDP Programme The Gol and UNDP Disaster Risk Management Programme provides support to the Government (State) to establish institutions/agencies to address disaster preparedness, response, prevention and mitigation. *

19. Disaster Management Gol-UNDP Programme Capacity building to institutionalize systems for disaster management in the government Support preparation of participatory multi-hazard preparedness plans, through preparation of response and mitigation plans for disaster risk management at State, District, Block (mandaI) and Village and ward level in 176 most multi-hazard prone districts of 17 selected States Awareness generation and education programmes in disaster risk reduction and recovery Networking knowledge on effective approaches, methods and tools for disaster risk management, developing and promoting policy frame works at State and National levels. *

20. Role of NGOs, Self Help Groups in Disaster Management The role of NGOs in disaster management is well appreciated by the Health and Medical Services. Community participation in disaster management will boost the morale of the affected people. The Human Resources Development wing should encourage to involve them actively in disaster relief and reconstruction work. In India the prominent NGOs include: Helpage India,Rapid Response,Sakal Relief Fund,Care India,Smile Foundation etc. *

21. Role of NGOs, Self Help Groups in Disaster Management Disaster response and mitigation is a very important role of such NGOs. It is only through the proper set-up of systems that coordination can be simplified and the disaster can be mitigated to a great extent. The response of NGOs in case of a disaster in terms of food relief, medical aid, shelter, and counselling plays a crucial part in resilience building and saving lives. The NGO networking helps create a quick response in case disaster hits. Providing relief to families, education to kids, and other forms of aid post-disaster is equally important and beneficial to the general populous. Setting up mock drills and other mitigation measures surely reduces the impact of the disaster.

22. National Institute of Amateur Radio (NIAR) established HAM Radio Network along east coast belt NIAR actively participates in major events of Melas, Pushkars, Rallies etc. These activities earned the good name and confidence from the public and government for selfless service in the hour of need. Presently this system is being linked through satellite communication and works efficiently except during solar flares and magnetic storms . *

23. Role of Red Cross in Disaster Management Jean-Henry Dunant, a swiss humanitarian established the Red Cross in June 1859 The Indian Red Cross Society has its Head Quarters in Delhi and each State has its branches. The President of India is President of National Society and Governors of each State is the president of that State branch. District Magistrate/District Collector is the president of the District Red Cross. The membership of a district Red Cross may vary from 5 to 25 thousand, however 10% of these members regarded as Active in times of crisis. *

24. Red Cross pays visit and enquires about the welfare of prisoners in war camps and provide relief supplies, mail letters and information to their relatives. The League of Red Cross Societies has a Secretariat in Geneva, which helps to provide relief in natural disasters and also helps in the development of National Red Cross Societies. The World-wide structure of the International Red Cross consists of International Committee of the Red Cross, the League of Red Cross Societies and National Red Cross Societies. *

25. The main activities of Red Cross First Aid, Blood Banks, Medical Clinics, meternal and Child Welfare Centres, Accident Prevention, Water safety. *

26. Benefits of Involvement of Red Cross in Natural Disasters Red Cross motivates the voluntary workers for manual labour in times of crisis, provides skill workers (like doctors, nurses etc). It provides food, blankets, clothing, emergency shelters, medicines, blood supplies, first aid, life saving drugs and procedures, transportation, counselling the affected people to boost their morale, cooking and distribution, rehabilitation and reconstruction of housing colonies. The other advantages of Red Cross involvement in natural disaster management is that it has country wide membership, high credibility in general public, it can get relief help from all the countries through the League of Red Cross Societies. It has large network of blood banks and voluntary blood donors. National Red Cross has always been in the forefront in rendering help to the effected in times of natural calamities. International community prefers giving its voluntary aid to Red Cross agencies for distribution to the effected people. Red Cross has universal recognition for identification and deployment in disaster relief work. *

27. The Role of Defence and other Services in Disaster Management *

28. Role of Air Force in Disaster Management An aerial survey for disaster assessment or visual and photographic reconnaissance Air landing or dropping of relief supplies (food, water etc.), personal and task teams Aerial evacuation of marooned people or entrapped in fire in multi storied building To supplement long distance communication facilities Air lift of relief material and personnel to the nearest Air-HQ *

29. IAF helicopters are capable of performing many roles, tasks, relief and mercy missions. IAF is most useful to rescue people trapped in snowclad Himalayan heights, trapped people in a cable car, fire in sky scrapers (multi storied buildings) flood marooned people, earthquake victims who are totally cut-off from rest of the world. IAF has light helicopters (Chetak) medium lift MI-8, MI-17 and high lift MI-26 helicopters *

30. Role of Medical and Health Department in Cyclone Disaster Management First Aid to the injured Treatment to the causalities Postmortem (autopsies), burial/creamation of the dead, Disposal of dead livestock Providing medical facilities (treatment to the injured, ailing and shifting to the medical camps if required) Maintaining the records of the dead people in the disaster Providing safe drinking water, (chlorinated or bleached water) Disinfection of the polluted surroundings (with phenyl, lime/bleaching powder) *

31. Role of Medical and Health Department in Cyclone Disaster Management *

32. The responsibilities of Divisional Officer of Medical and Health services are Daily inspection of cyclone affected areas, coordinate with other Divisional cyclone, flood control officers particularly Revenue and Police, procure boats, motor launches, pump sets for bailing out of stagnant water, collect daily reports from PHCs, regulation of relief activities at PHC level including diversion of vehicles and manpower where required . * Role of Medical and Health Department in Cyclone Disaster Management

33. At PHC Level: The responsibility of Medical Officer (Family Welfare) to supervise and organise the work. Medical officer (Regular) with the help of Health supervisor, should visit and survey at least half the area covered by PHC and the other half to be covered by Medical Officer (child health welfare) with the help of Block Extension Educator. Field level assistance would be provided by multipurpose health supervisor,multipurpose worker, village health guide and voluntary organisations * Role of Medical and Health Department in Cyclone Disaster Management

34. Post Cyclone activities After stabilization and rehabilitation work, Medical and Health Department should continue its work for a prescribed number of days independently. District Health Educator should provide field publicity and Health education through mass media. He should tour the affected areas and address the people with film projections, pamphlets on hygiene and personal health care against water borne diseases and the likely epidemics. Pasting of door slips may also be undertaken. At PHC level and Divisional level the activities performed during the cyclone period would be continued for specific period. At village level Public Health Services are continued. Village level health workers should undertake antimalarial operations * Role of Medical and Health Department in Cyclone Disaster Management

35. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) *

36. (NDRF) At present NDRF has eight battalions, of which seven are located at Guwahati, Kolkata, undali(Bhubaneshwar),Arakonam(Chennai), Talegoan (Pune), Gandhinagar (Gujarat) and Chandigarh The personnel are specially trained in (i) collapsed structure search and rescue, (ii) water rescue and diving, iii)Medical First Response, (iv) Heli-slithering (Helicopter based resene operations) (v) Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN). *

37. (NDRF) All the eight battalions are equipped and trained for all natural disasters. Four of these battalions are specially trained for CBRN(Chemical,Biological ,Radiological Nuclear) emergencies. NDRF is to be trained to meet the above situation at BARC (BhabaAtomic Research Centre), Mumbai, DRDE (DefenceResearch Development Establishment), Gwalior, and CME (College of Military Engineering), Pune. NDRF is a multidisciplinary, multi-skilled, hi-tech force for all types of disasters capable of insertion by land, air and sea. The NDRF personnel are being trained for heli-insertion in impact areas with the help of IAF *

38. (NDRF) For the success of both natural and man-made disaster mitigation, response it is necessary to provide on the similar lines of NDRF training and equip agencies like Police, Civil Defence, Home guards, Fire Services and youth organisations like NCC, NSS, NYKS to play complementary role as force multiplier in Disaster Response towards building disaster resilence in the country. *

39. Role of Remote Sensing in Disaster Management The process of observing an object with the aid of electromagnetic spectra (band of radiation wavelengths) that human eye cannot see may be called remote sensing. In meteorology this term is used for observing meteorological parameters with radiometers on board satellites. Thus remote sensing is the measurement of returned or back radiation from the earth atmosphere system (which is achieved by radiometers). *

40. Role of Remote Sensing in Disaster Management Satellite remote sensing of severe natural events aid in detecting, tracking of the phenomena and lends support in disaster management Satellite based data are useful in: (i) Detection of severe events, (ii) Earth observation, (iii) Delivery of warnings directly to the people of the affected area, (iv) Data relay and communication capabilities . *

41. Role of Remote Sensing in Disaster Management Satellite imageries are useful in detection and monitoring of cyclones over seas particularly when they are beyond the range of radars of coastal areas. The imageries are useful in detection of cyclone Eye, wall cloud region, line squalls, estimating cloud-top temperatures, cloud motion winds (CMW), vertical temperature profiles (VTPR), humidity profiles, sea surface temperature (SST), Tropical easterly jet (TEJ). Satellite imageries are received either from polar orbiting satellite or geostationary satellites. Earth resources satellites such as IRS, LANDSAT, NOAA, GOES, INSAT, KALPANA-l are used for infering ground features cyclone impact on coastal areas. Thermal measurement data are used for detection of flood inundation. OLR (outgoing long wave radiation) data may be used for detect heavy to very heavy rainfall zones. Thus satellite data is useful in flood mapping, flood monitoring, cyclone impact on coastal areas and hence useful in cyclone, flood mitigation work. *

42. Role of Broadcast, Educational Media in Disaster Management Media plays an important role in disaster management particularly in preparedness, warning and mitigation All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan (DD) are the main National Broad casting system of Government of India and these media is responsible for immediate broadcasting of official warnings,dos and don'ts in any emergency situations Though Government responds to the ill effects of natural disasters but in many cases the urgency of relief requirement is brought to the notice of the Government and NGOs by media broadcast, news publication during or just after the calamity *

43. The Director General of Information and Broadcasting and Public Relations Officer should arrange natural hazard programmes in connection with the celebrations of Science Day, World Water Day, World Health Day, World, Meteorological Day etc These occasions may be used to broadcast on AIR, TV channels relating to natural hazards particularly about Cyclones, Earthquakes, Floods, Droughts, Tsunamis, Avalanches, landslides, Heatwaves, Coldwaves, Local Severe Thunderstorms, Tornadoes etc., to focus the attention of the people about the hazards associated with these events and make them aware how to face them or prevent their ill effects. Expert Meteorologists, Hydrologists, Seismologists and other reputed scientists, teachers be invited to deliver talks on natural disasters and the same may be published/propagated through newspapers, Radio, T.V broadcasts to educate the people on the lines of propagation / publicity of Family planning, Adult Education, AIDS, Polio eradication etc. * Role of Broadcast, Educational Media in Disaster Management

44. Posters depicting natural hazards and the precautions to be taken by the affected people be exhibited at prominent places like Railway/Bus stations, Airports, Market yards, Cinema houses, large play grounds, schools. colleges, libraries, stadiums, Highways etc. Publicity department should make films on natural disasters and arrange film shows through voluntary organizations, educational institutions. Distribute the hand outs of Dos and Dont's during natural disasters. Education department should encourage the teachers for conducting essay writing competitions, and teachers be encouraged to become local Disaster Management committee members. * Role of Broadcast, Educational Media in Disaster Management

45. Role of AIR It is the primary responsibility of AIR to receive warning messages from IMD and broadcast them immediately in the local language. AIR should obtain the latest warning bulletins and broadcast them every 15 to 30 minutes interrupting in normal broadcast. This should continue till de warning is issued (in case of cyclone). During disaster phase AIR should broadcast evacuation messages in local language issued by the District Collector of the concerned area. Warning messages should not be broadcast soon after de warning issued. Similarly old warning messages should not be broadcast. Efforts be made to obtain latest warnings from IMD and broadcast it, otherwise the credibility of forecast may be lost. It will be more effective if the latest warning are directly broadcast through mouth of local in charge or Duty Officer of IMD in the local language or which may be followed by translation in local language. *

46. Role of DoorDarshan DD is the Government of India's National TV broadcasting organisation. It operates on similar lines of AIR. During emergency situations like cyclones, floods IMD warning bulletins be telecast as news bulletins. DD instructed to broadcast official emergency bulletin news and pictures at anytime of day or night. Where possible DD arrange to take snapshots of actual emergency situations and project them in telecast. Due importance be given to telecast the authoritative warnings directly from the mouth of local IMD officer in charge or Duty Officer and not the political leaders and research institute staff who have no responsibility except projecting individuals. It has been the past experience that in emergency situations such individual projections cause more harm than benefit. Under preparedness plan both AIR and DD should invite experience IMD officers (serving or retired) to deliver talks on severe weather events with appropriate past data and pictures *