22387_populationpolicy.pptx Population policy PPT

Population policy

1. Department of Community Medicine 1

2. Which is the most populated nation? Department of Community Medicine 2

3. Department of Community Medicine 3

4. National population policy Phase iii sgd Department of Community Medicine Department of Community Medicine 4

5. Contents Population explosion National Population Policy 1976 National Population Policy 2000 Objectives of NPP 2000 SWOC- NPP 2000 Department of Community Medicine 5

6. Specific learning objective At the end of the small group discussion, students will be, To define the population and population explosion To explain the National Population Policy To list the objectives of NPP 2000 Department of Community Medicine 6

7. Population Population is defined as the total number of people living in a country, territory, or geographic area at a specific time, usually mid-year. Department of Community Medicine 7

8. What is Population Explosion?? It is the rapid growth of the world’s population over the past 100 years results from a difference between the rate of birth and the rate of death. Department of Community Medicine 8

9. Causes for Population Explosion Increase in birth rates Decrease in death rates Lack of education Migration Early marriage Department of Community Medicine 9

10. Why do we need a policy for population Poverty Unemployment To decrease in crime rate Energy crisis Food shortage Overcrowding Department of Community Medicine 10

11. National population policy The need for national population policy was felt since the 1970s and a policy was drafted in 1976 Policy statement on family welfare program was also prepared in 1977 The policy was not adopted by the parliament The National Health Policy of 1983 emphasized the need for securing small family norms through voluntary efforts and moving towards the goal of population stabilization Department of Community Medicine 11

12. Features of National Population Policy 1976 Increase the age of marriage from 15 to 18 years for girls and from 18 to 21 years for boys Freeze the population figures at 1971 level until 2001 Give greater attention to the education of girls Ensure a proper place for population education in the total system of education Involve all Ministries and Departments of the Government in the Family Planning programs Department of Community Medicine 12

13. Features of National Population Policy 1976 Increase the monetary compensation for sterilization Institute group awards as incentives for various organizations and bodies representing the people at local levels Impart more importance to research activities in the field of population control Use mass media for motivation, particularly in rural areas to increase the acceptance of family planning methods Department of Community Medicine 13

14. National Population Policy 2000 In 1998, a draft of NPP was finalized after consultation It was approved by the cabinet and was examined by a group of ministers The draft was discussed in the cabinet on 19 th November 1999 It was adopted by the Government of INDIA on 15 th February 2000 Department of Community Medicine 14

15. Objectives of NPP 2000 Immediate objectives: To address the unmet needs for contraception, health care infrastructure, and health personnel To provide Integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and child health care Department of Community Medicine 15

16. Objectives of NPP 2000 Medium-term objectives To bring TFR to replacement levels by 2010 Department of Community Medicine 16

17. Objectives of NPP 2000 Long-term objectives To achieve a stable population by 2045 at a level consistent with the requirements of sustainable socio-economic growth and developments and environmental protection Department of Community Medicine 17

18. NPP 2000 goals to be achieved by 2010 Address the unmet needs for basic reproduction and child health services, supplies, and infrastructure Make school education up to the age of 14 free and compulsory To reduce dropouts in primary and secondary school levels below 20% for both boys and girls Reduce infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births Department of Community Medicine 18

19. NPP 2000 goals to be achieved by 2010 Reduce maternal mortality ratio to below 100 per 1,00,000 live births Achieve Universal Immunization of children against all vaccine-preventable diseases Promote delayed marriage for girls not earlier than the age of 18 years and preferably after 20 years of age Achieve 80% institutional deliveries and 100% deliveries by trained persons Department of Community Medicine 19

20. NPP 2000 goals to be achieved by 2010 Achieve Universal access to Information/ Counselling and services for fertility regulation and contraception with a basket of choice Achieve 100% registration of births, deaths, marriages and pregnancy Contain the spread of AIDS and promote greater integration between the management of RTI/STI and the National AIDS control organizations Integrate the Indian System of Medicine in the provision of Reproductive and Child health services and in reaching out to the levels of total fertility rate Department of Community Medicine 20

21. NPP 2000 goals to be achieved by 2010 Promote vigorously the small family norm to achieve replacement levels of TFR Implementation of related social sector programs so that family welfare becomes a people-centred program Department of Community Medicine 21

22. Promotional and motivational measures by GOI In order to achieve the objectives and goals of the National Population Policy, 2000 the following promotional and motivational measures are enumerated: Panchayats and Zila Parishads will be rewarded and honored for exemplary performance in universalizing the small family norm, achieving a reduction in infant mortality and birth rates, and promoting literacy with completion of primary schooling. Department of Community Medicine 22

23. Promotional and motivational measures by GOI Balika Samridhi Yojana run by the Department of Women and Child Development, to promote the survival and care of the girl child, will continue. A cash incentive of Rs. 500 is awarded at the birth of the girl child of birth order 1 or 2. Maternity benefit scheme run by the Department of Rural Development, a cash incentive of Rs. 500 is awarded to mothers who have their first child after 19 years of age, for the birth of the 1st and 2nd child only. Department of Community Medicine 23

24. Promotional and motivational measures by GOI Accessible to a wider and affordable choice of contraceptives at diverse delivery points with counseling service Increased vocational training schemes for girls, leading to self-employment, will be encouraged Strict enforcement of the Child Marriage Restraints Act amended as The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 Strict enforcement of the Pre-conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994 Department of Community Medicine 24

25. National population policy 2000 If the NPP 2000 was fully implemented: It was anticipated that in the year 2010, the population may be 1107 million instead of 1162 million projected by the technical group of population projections However the provisional population of 1210 million in 2011 is higher by 110 million compared to the target set in the year 2010 Department of Community Medicine 25

26. Medical Termination of pregnancy act, 1971 The conditions are, Medical Eugenic Humanitarian Failure of contraceptive devices Department of Community Medicine 26

27. Strengths- NPP 2000 Comprehensive Approach: Addresses various aspects of population control, including fertility reduction, reproductive health, and gender equality. Government Support: Resources and infrastructure for its implementation. Public Awareness: Importance of family planning and population control. Incorporation of Stakeholders: Involving NGOs, healthcare providers, and community leaders, ensuring a broader reach and impact. Incentives: The policy offered incentives to encourage families to adopt family planning measures, which helped in its acceptance among the populace. Department of Community Medicine 27

28. Weaknesses – NPP 2000 Implementation Challenges: Due to bureaucratic hurdles, lack of coordination among implementing agencies, and corruption. Socio-cultural Factors: Deep-rooted socio-cultural beliefs and practices in certain regions Infrastructure Deficiency: Inadequate healthcare infrastructure and limited access to family planning services in rural areas hindered the effective implementation of the policy. Budgetary Constraints: Insufficient allocation of funds Political Interference: Political agendas and changes in government priorities Department of Community Medicine 28

29. Opportunities - npp 2000 Technological Advancements: Advancements in healthcare technology and telemedicine could be leveraged to improve access to family planning services, especially in remote areas. International Collaboration: Provide additional funding and technical expertise Empowerment of Women: To address gender disparities and empower women to make informed choices regarding family planning. Community Engagement: Strengthening community-based initiatives and involving local communities in decision-making processes could enhance the acceptance and effectiveness of the policy. Research and Development: Development of innovative family planning methods Department of Community Medicine 29

30. Challenges - npp 2000 Population Dynamics: Rapid population growth, especially in urban areas, poses a significant challenge to the effective implementation of the policy. Healthcare Infrastructure: Inadequate healthcare infrastructure and shortage of healthcare professionals in rural areas hinder the delivery of family planning services. Education: Limited access to quality education, especially among women, contributes to high fertility rates and low awareness about family planning methods. Urbanization: Urbanization and migration from rural to urban areas increase the demand for healthcare services, including family planning, putting pressure on already strained urban infrastructure. Climate Change: Climate change-related challenges, such as natural disasters and environmental degradation, can exacerbate existing vulnerabilities and impact population dynamics, requiring adaptive strategies in population policy formulation and implementation. Department of Community Medicine 30

31. Department of Community Medicine 31

32. Thank you Department of Community Medicine 32

33. MCQ What is the current IMR in India 25 32 28 34 Department of Community Medicine 33

34. What is the current MMR in India 72 85 90 97 Department of Community Medicine 34

35. Write a short note on the Aim, Objectives, and Goals of National Population Policy 2000? Department of Community Medicine 35