(3)COAL TO ELECTRICITY DK 180625 RLI SIPAT.pdf

COAL TO ELECTRICITY

1. COAL TO ELECTRICITY
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2. Why do we need to set up a power
plant?
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3. To generate electricity..
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4. Power Plants:-
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5. Why do we need electricity?
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6. Really! Do we need to answer
this?
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7. Ok
Where we can’t use electricity?
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8. Hard to find!
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9. Literally everywhere it is used!
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10. How much electricity India needs?
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11. Indian electricity scenario
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
Generation in 2024-25 :-1574.468 TWh i.e.
1574.468 x10^9 kWh

1kWh= 1 unit of electricity
= 1000W consumed for 1 hour.

1000W= All the lights, fans, accessories of 1 house

Total installed capacity: 475590 MW

Installed capacity of NTPC:-82,027.75MW

Installed capacity of NTPC Sipat:-2980MW

Source:https://cea.nic.in/dashboard/?lang=en

12. ALL INDIA CUMMULATIVE ENERGY GENERATION
(FY:2024-25)
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Different ways to produce electricity

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https://cea.nic.in/dashboard/?lang=en
CEA-DATA AS ON DATE

15. https://npp.gov.in/dashBoard/cp-map-dashboard
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16. Power generation at NTPC?
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https://ntpc.co.in/power-generation/coal-stations

17. Where is electricity produced in
the power plant?
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18. Generator
(Exceptions:-Solar, Battery)
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19. 19
Generator
Length : 13.602 m

20. 20
Radius : 1.330 m

21. Generator
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23. How is rotor of generator rotated?
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24. Turbine
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25. Turbine
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26. How is turbine rotated?
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28. How is steam formed?
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29. How coal burns?
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30. Path of coal
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Coal Mine
50000TPD
MGR
CHP
Bunker
Mill
Boiler
450 TPH

31. Air for Combustion
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450 TPH
PA
1000TPH
Boiler
SA
1500TPH

32. Path of water
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Hasdeo
RBC
MUPH
35 km
Reservoir
RWPH
Chemical
treatment

33. Chemical treatment of water
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RWPH
Clarified
Water
CWPH
DM
Water
Boiler
Potable
Plant
Drinking
water

34. PA
FAN
SIPAT
NTPC
SIPAT
TRACK
HOPPER
MGR
F D
FAN
PULVERIS
ER
COAL TO ELECTRICITY
ESP
BFP
DEARATOR
ASH
PIT
I D
FAN
BUNKER
TO ASH
DYKE
BOILER
GENERATOR
CW PUMP
CEP
COOLING
TOWER
TURBINE

35. Why Coal?
Advantages of Coal Fuel
•Abundantly available in
India
•Low cost
•Technology for Power
Generation well developed
•Easy to handle, transport,
store and use
Shortcomings of Coal
•Low Calorific Value
•Large quantity to be
Handled
•Produces pollutants, ash
•Disposal of ash is
Problematic
•Reserves depleting fast
•India’s Coal Reserves are estimated to be 255 billion tonnes. Present consumption is
about 450 million tonnes.
•Cost of coal for producing 1 unit of electricity (Cost of coal Rs 1000/MT)is Rs 2.75.
•Cost of Gas for producing 1 unit of electricity (Cost of Gas Rs 6/SMC)is Rs 4.20.

36. Coal for combustion

Anthracite

Semi-anthracite

Bituminous

Semi-Bituminous

Lignite

Peat

High CV, low VM

High CV, low VM

Medium CV, medium VM

Medium CV, medium VM

Low CV, high VM, high
TM

Very low CV, high VM &
TM
https://www.cercind.gov.in/2022/CPI/CIL%20Price%20Notifcation%20dated%203
1%20May%202023.pdf

37. Coal Grades at SIPAT
Ministry of Coal, Government of India

38. How Generated electricity
reaches consumer?

39. NTPC Sipat-at a glance
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
Capacity
Stage I :3X660 MW (1980 MW)
Stage II :2X500 MW (1000 MW)
TOTAL : 2980 MW

Coal Source :DipikaExpansion Project of
SECL in Dist. Korba( CG)

Coal Requirement
Stage-I: 10.00 MTPY
Stage-II : 5.04 MTPY
Total : 15.04 MTPY

Coal Transportation : By dedicated MGR (85 KM)

Water Stage I :80 MCM from HasdeoRBC
Stage II :40 MCM from HasdeoRBC

40. Uniqueness of NTPC Sipat
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41. Rankine Cycle
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Ideal Rankine Cycle

42. HEAT INPUT
100 %
~14
%
~46
%
~3%
37% OF HEAT INPUT
EQIVALENT
ELECTRICAL O/P

43. Make Electricity Cheaper
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Thermal efficiency increases :
a.
As condenser pressure decreases
b.
As MS / RH temperature increases
c.
As MS pressure increases
d.
As final feed water temperature increases
e.
As no. of reheat stage increases
f.
As exit flue gas temperature decreases
g.
less SH/RH spray
h.
less RH pressure drop
i.
less extraction piping drops
j.
less makeup

44. Present Technology
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45. Technological Leaps
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46. Supercritical…Superiority
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47. Supercritical…Superiority
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Parameter Unit500MW660M
WSC
800MW
SC
800MW
(USC)
800MW
AUSC
Main Steam
Pressure
ATA170 247247280310
Main Steam
Temp.
0
C537 565565600710
Main Steam Flow T/Hr1515 1960 234022641850
ReheatPressure ATA40.550.456.669.765
Reheat
Temperature
0
C537 593593600710
Reheat Flow T/Hr13351625194018901632
CRH Pressure ATA4556.061.564.159.8
Cold Reheat
Temp.
0
C336336348375443
Final FW Temp.
o
C
0
C253 290290305305
BMCR Flow T/hr1625 2120260025252075

48. Supercritical…Superiority
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Sub. CriticalSuper Critical Ad-USC
Turbine Cycle Heat
rate, kcal/kw-hr
1944 1813 1660.5
Boiler Eff, % 0.8773 0.8773 0.8895
Gross HR,
Kcal/kw-hr
2215.89 2066.57 1866.78
Gross Eff, % 38.81 41.61 46.07
Coal Consumption,
kg/kw-hr
0.540 0.504 0.455
% Saving Base 6.74 15.75

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NTPC-POWER PLANTS

50. YOU
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