3.cutting tools nomenclature

machine tools and operations

1. APPA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, KALABURAGI DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING A LECTURE ON CUTTING TOOLS NOMENCLATURE DATE: 20 TH MARCH 2017 TIME: 8:00-10:00 CLASS: 4 TH SEM “B” 1 By: Asst.Prof. PRASHANT MULGE B.E., M.Tech.,(Ph.D.)

2. 2 CONTENTS Single point cutting tool Parts of Single point cutting tool Angles of Single point cutting tool Twist drill bit cutting tool Parts of Twist drill bit cutting tool Angles of Twist drill bit cutting tool Plain milling cutter cutting tool Parts of Plain milling cutter cutting tool Angles of Plain milling cutter cutting tool

3. 3 CUTTING TOOLS NOMENCLATURE SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL TWIST DRILL BIT PLAIN MILLING CUTTER

4. SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL NOMENCLATURE

5. 5 SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL

6. 6 PARTS OF SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL SHANK FACE CUTTING EDGE a] End cutting edge b] Side cutting edge FLANK NOSE NOSE RADIUS

7. 7 SHANK: It is the main part of the cutting tool, and is also the part of the tool is gipped in the tool holder. FACE: It is the top portion or surface of the tool over which the chip flows during the cutting. CUTTING EDGE : Cutting edge is the portion of the face edge that separates the chip from the workpiece. END CUTTING EDGE: It is the cutting edge formed at the end face of the tool. SIDE CUTTING EDGE: It is the cutting edge on the side face of the tool. FLANK: It is the surface adjacent to, and below the cutting edge when tool lies in a horizontal position. NOSE: It is the tip of the cutting tool, and formed by the intersection of the side cutting edge and the end cutting edge.

8. 8 ANGLES OF SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL BACK RAKE ANGLE = 10 SIDE RAKE ANGLE = 9 END RELIEF ANGLE = 6 SIDE RELIEF ANGLE = 5 END CUTTING EDGE ANGLE = 8 SIDE CUTTING EDGE ANGLE = 7 NOSE RADIUS = 2 mm TOOL SIGNATURE: 10,9,6,5,8,7,2mm

9. 9 BACK RAKE ANGLE: It measurers the downward slope of the top surface of the tool from the nose to the rear along the z axis. SIDE RAKE ANGLE : It measures the slope of the top Surface of the tool to the side in a direction Perpendicular to the z-axis. SIDE CUTTING EDGE ANGLE: It is the angle between the Side cutting edge and the z-axis of the tool. SIDE RELIEF ANGLE: It is the angle made by the flank Of the tool and a plane perpendicular to the base just under the side cutting edge. END CUTTING EDGE ANGLE: It is the angle between the end cutting edge and a line perpendicular to the Tool shank. END RELIEF ANGLE: It is the angle between a plane Perpendicular to the base and the flank of the tool.

10. 10 TWIST DRILL BIT CUTTING TOOL NOMENCLATURE

11. TWIST DRILL BIT CUTTING TOOL SHANK BODY POINT LIPS FACE FLANK LAND OR MARGIN WEB CHISEL EDGE BODY CLEARANCE AXIS HELIX ANGLE POINT ANGLE LIP RELIEF ANGLE CHISEL EDGE ANGLE NECK

12. SHANK : The shank is the portion of the drill bit which is held and driven. BODY: The body is the portion of drill bit that forms the main cutting unit. POINT: The point is the cutting end of the drill bit. It is a cone shaped surface consisting of lips, faces, flanks and chisel edge LIPS : The lips are the primary cutting edges of the drill extending from the chisel point to the periphery of the drill. FACE : The curved surface of the flute near the lip is called face. FLANK: It is the conical surface of the drill point, which extends behind the lip to the following flute. LAND: It is a narrow flat surface which runs all along the flutes of the drill on its leading edges. WEB: The web is the central portion of the drill body that connects the lands. CHISEL EDGE : It is the short edge ground on the tool point along the web. PARTS OF TWIST DRILL BIT CUTTING TOOL

13. ANGLES OF TWIST DRILL BIT CUTTING TOOL HELIX ANGLE : It is the angle between the leading edge of the land and the axis of the drill bit. (16-32 ) POINT ANGLE : The angle between the drill lips is called the point or cutting angle.(80-140 ) LIP RELIEF ANGLE : it is the axial relief angle at the outer corner of the lip and varies from 8-15 4. CHISEL EDGE ANGLE : It is the angle between the lip and the chisel edge, as seen from the end of the drill (130-145 )

14. PLAIN MILLING CUTTER CUTTING TOOL NOMENCLATURE

15. PLAIN MILLING CUTTER CUTTING TOOL BODY CUTTING EDGE FLUTE FILLET TOOTH FACE LAND OUTSIDE DIAMETER ROOT DIAMETER HOLE DIAMETER CLEARANCE ANGLE PRIMARY CLEARANCE ANGLE SECONDARY CLEARANCE ANGLE RELIEF ANGLE RAKE ANGLE

16. PARTS OF PLAIN MILLING CUTTER CUTTING TOOL BODY: The body is the solid portion left in blank after forming the cutting teeth and the arbor hole. CUTTING EDGE: The peripheral cutting edge is the intersection of the face of the tooth with the leading edge of the land. It is the edge that removes metal from the workpiece. FLUTE: It is the space between the back of one tooth and the face of the following tooth. FILLET: The flute is the curved portion at the bottom of the flute, provided to allow chip flow and chip curling . TOOTH: The tooth is the part of the cutter starting at the body and ending at the peripheral cutting edge. FACE: The tooth face is the surface of the tooth between the fillet and the cutting edge. LAND: The land is the portion behind the cutting edge on each tooth that is relieved to avoid interference between itself and the surface being machined. OUTSIDE DIAMETER : It is the diameter of the circle passing through the peripheral cutting edges. ROOT DIAMETER: It is the diameter of the circle passing tangent to the bottom of the fillet of the teeth. HOLE DIAMETER: The hole diameter determines the size of the arbor necessary to mount the milling cutter.

17. ANGLES OF PLAIN MILLING CUTTER CUTTING TOOL PRIMARY CLEARANCE ANGLE: It is the angle formed by the back of the tooth with a line drawn tangent through the periphery cutting edge. 2. SECONDARY CLEARANCE ANGLE: It is the angle formed by the secondary clearance surface of the tooth and a line drawn tangent through the periphery cutting edge. 3. RELIEF ANGLE: It is the angle measured between the land and the tangent drawn to the periphery cutting edge. 4. RAKE ANGLE: It is the angle measured between the tooth face and the center line of the cutter.