It describes where on the vehicle the engine and drive wheels are found
Layouts of Automobile Rear Wheel Drive Layouts Front Engine Rear Wheel Drive Rear Engine Rear Wheel Drive Front Wheel Drive Layouts Front Engine Front Wheel Drive Rear Engine Front Wheel Drive
Front Engine Rear Wheel Drive Conventional type of layout Well suited for load carriers Has drive-train loss
Rear Engine Rear Wheel Drive Engine noise is isolated from the passenger compartment Reduced drive train loss by using transaxle Engine control links should be extended Greater rear weight bias Better traction but, rear weight transfer increases on acceleration Better braking Tends to oversteer (when decelerating)
Front Engine Front Wheel Drive Most popular layout used in recent cars
Advantages Economic Vehicle has good adhesion on road as more weight is placed on the front wheel Has better road holding even on curves and slippery road compact packaging No need of central tunnel through passenger comp. Engine can be mounted transversely ( hasTransaxle ) Limitations Not used in powerful cars as it's difficult to feed more power and increase speed during a turn without resulting in understeer
Rear Engine Front Wheel Drive
All Wheel Drive (AWD) Has more drive-train loss Understeer can result However now its combated with trick and techy differentials and electronics to stay virtually as RWD for a few moments (sometimes 3WD too)