3. SOCIAL DYNAMICS.pptx

sociology

1. SOCIAL DYNAMICS

2. Introduction: Social dynamics can refer to the behaviour of groups that results from the interactions of individual group members as well to the study of the relationship between individual interactions and group level behaviours. Here, individual choices and interactions are typically viewed as the source of aggregate level of behaviour. The fundamental assumption of the field is that individuals are influenced by one another's behavior.

3. DEFINITION of social dynamics: “ Social dynamics is the ability to react to inner and outer changes and deal with its regulation mechanisms.” - Web Dictionary “ Social dynamics refers to attitudinal and behavioural characteristics of societal group which concern how that group forms, evolves and functions, increases morale among its members.” - Prem Sharma

4. DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS OR PHASES/ STAGES OF SOCIAL DYNAMICS Group provides with wonderful opportunities to facilitate therapeutic growth in patients. Group like individual, have the capacity for growth and development. They have the abilities to regress and resist working effectively. Group development involve four phases:

5. Cont’d…

6. 1) PRE GROUP PHASE: Selection of group leader. Deciding the goal. Getting administrative permission. (to avoid possible problems, the leader should explain any administrative limitation. Selection of the members (Membership). Deciding criteria for membership selection like problem areas, motivation, age, sex, cultural factors etc. Decide whether membership of group will be closed or open before screening. Conduction of screening interview.

7. 2) INITIAL PHASE: The initial phase includes meetings in which the group members begins to settle down to work. This phase is characterized by anxiety about being accepted by group, setting of norms and about various roles. It is sub divided into 3 phases/ stages by Yalam (1995): The orientation stage The conflict stage The cohesive stage

8. Cont’d… a) The orientation stage: The leader orients the group to its primary task helps the group t o arrive at group contract which includes goals, confidentiality, meeting time, honesty, communication rules etc. t o foster a sense of belonging among the members. During this stage, the members are evaluating each other, the group and the group leader.

9. Cont’d… b) The conflict stage: Issues related to control, power and authority become primary. Members are concerned about who is top or bottom in control and decision making. Sub-groups usually form within group and hostility may expressed. The leader task is to allow expression of both negative and positive feelings, helps the group to understand the underlying conflict and prevent non-productive behavior. Members may realize that conflicts need not to be avoided, instead, through discussion, open conflicts may increase group’s maturity and usefulness.

10. Cont’d… c) Cohesive stage: Group members after resolving the 2 nd stage, feel strong attraction towards one another. Members feel free to give self disclosing information and share more intimate concerns. The leader should encourage the group to use its problem solving ability. At the end, the group begins to see task achievements as a reality. The members gain a realistic and honesty view of their ability to work together and to accomplish their primary and secondary task.

11. 3) WORKING PHASE: The group becomes a team. It directs its energy mainly towards completing its task. Group becomes more responsible and stable. The leader activities reduces. He just helps to keep the group goal directed and tries to decrease the impact of anything that may regress or retard the group. By the end of this phase, members have made significant progress towards goal achievement. They have a sense of their own productivity and accomplishment.

12. 4) Termination phase: There are 2 types of termination 1. termination of an individual member 2. termination of a group. Termination is the highly individual process. If the group has been successful, termination will be painful but with the feeling of accomplishment. Leadership behavior includes encouraging an evaluation of the group & its terminating members, recall about important events that occurred in the group and encouraging members to give feedback.

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