30da7e7ed8d53e1f047f1afee56949f4b543c8f4-1712485654378.pptx

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1. understand different types of Coding problems of reasoning, solve problems related to Letter Coding and Decoding, solve problems related to Direct Letter Coding.

2. Coding (Encryption) Decoding(Decryption)

3. Type1: Letter Coding. Type2: Number Coding. Type3: Mixed coding Type4: Mixed number coding Type5:Decoding Type6:Symbols Coding Types:-

4. A B C D E F G H I J K L M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 The Word  EJOTY   is very helpful in finding the position of the alphabet as:   E      J O T            Y 5      10 15 20         25 Alphabets in natural series are::

5. For example, if we want to find the position of the alphabet ‘S’, then as we know that ‘T’ is 20, so ‘S’ is 20 - 1 = 19. Also, we can find the position of an alphabet from the end by subtracting its value from 27. For example, the position of D from the end is 27 – 4 = 23. The pattern below is very useful to find many types of question in Alphabet Series when we write the last 13 alphabets in front of the first 13 alphabets of the English: A B C D E F G H I J K L M Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N

6. A particular letter stands for another letter. The letters in a word are replaced by certain other letters according to a specific rule to form its code. It is required to detect the coding pattern/rule and answer the questions accordingly. 1.Letter coding

7. Ex 1 : If COURSE is coded as FRXUVH, how is RACE coded as? ABHF UDFH DUHF WQYF

8. Ex 2 : In a certain code, MONKEY is written as XDJMNL. How is TIGER written in that code ? QDFHS FHSQD DQSFH STFDQ

9. Ex 3 : If BOMBAY is written as MYMYMY, how will TAMIL NADU be written in that code ? YMNYMNYMN ABHABHABH ABCDABCDA MNUMNUMNU

10. Ex 4 : In a certain code, TOGETHER is written as RQEGRJCT. In the same code, what will PAROLE be written as? PQJGNC CNGJPQ NCPQJG NCJQPG

11. Ex 5 : If in a certain language, COUNSEL is coded as BITIRAK, how is GUIDANCE written in that code ? OHYFZJBB OFHBJZYB BJZYBHFO FOHYZJBB

12. Ex. 6 : In a certain code, SQHOOKD is written as TRIPPLE. How CHRONRD is written in that code ? GLITTER TROUSER JANUARY DISPOSE

13. Ex. 7 : If HUMJTK is coded as FRIEND, how is EDRIRL written in that code ? SUNDAY MONDAY BEAUTY CANDLE

14. Ex. 8 : In a certain code language TUTDNES is written as STUDENT. How will SUORECS be written in that code language? BATTERY FASHION SOURCES LIMITED Ans. C Logic : There are 7 letters in the word. The middle letter has been right intact. The first and the last letters  of the word have interchanged their position. Similarly, the second and the third letters and the fifth and sixth letters have interchanged their position.

15. Conversion of the coded numbers or alphabets to the original text. The procedure to decode is the same as coding. That is, find the pattern that is followed in the given series. Decoding

16. Ex. 1 : If in a certain language NZTUJGZ is coded as MYSTIFY , how is OFNFTJT decoded in that language? REGULAR MORNING MINDFUL NEMESIS

17. Ex. 2: If in a certain language, POPULAR is coded as QPQVMBS, which word would be coded as GBNPVT? A) FARMER B) FAMOUS C) FRAMES D) FARMES E) FAMOTH

18. Ex. 3 : If NARGRUED is the code for GRANDEUR, which word is coded as SERPEVRE? A) PERSEVER B) PRESEVER C) PERSERVE D) PREVERSE E) PRESERVE

19. Ex. 4: In a certain code, REFRIGERATOR is coded as ROTAREGIRFER. Which word would be coded as NOITINUMMA? A) ANMOMIUTNI B) AMNTOMUIIN C) AMMUNITION D) NMMUNITIOA E) None of these

20. Ex. 5 : In a code language, SOLID is written as WPSLPIMFHA. What does the code word ATEXXQIBVO refer to? A) WATER B) WAGER C) EAGER D) WAFER

21. Ex. 6: In a certain code, DECEMBER is written as ERMBCEDE. Which word will be written as ERMBVENO in that code ? A) AUGUST B) SEPTEMBER C) OCTOMBER D) NOVEMBER

22. In direct coding, the code letters occur in the same sequence as the corresponding letters occur in the words.  Questions on direct-coding, either the particular codes of letters are given or the codes of two or more words are given and one is asked to find the codes of given words involving only those letters for which the codes have already been mentioned Direct Letter Coding

23. Q.1. In a defence message, GET AWAY, FIRE BACK-WARDS, MOVE SLOW is coded as BEN CDCI, QHOE PCTL DCOXU, ZMWE VFMD. Spot the code for  DEADLY A) XECXEI B) XEEXCI C) XECXFI D) XENXFI

24. Q. 2. In a certain code, STOVE is written as FNBLK, then how will VOTES be written in the same code? A) FLKBN B) LBNKF C) LKNBF D) LNBKF

25. Q. 3. In the secret way of writing, INDIA IIAS WON FIRST GOLD MEDAL is written as; JFZJU OUV SEF PJDVB REQZITZUQ. Being the method in mind, pick up the code from the answer given word  TAILOR A) ZUTQED B) BUJQED C) SUTQED D) BUTQEP

26. Q. 4. In the secret way of writing, INDIA IIAS WON FIRST GOLD MEDAL is written as; JFZJU OUV SEF PJDVB REQZITZUQ. Being the method in mind, pick up the code from the answer given word  DIESEL  A) ZJTVTQ B) ZJTQVT C) ZJEVTQ D) BZTETV

27. Q. 5. In a code language, STARK is written as LBFMG and MOBILE is written as TNRSPJ. How is BLAME written in that code? A) TSFRJ B) RPFTJ C) NJFTP D) TSFGJ Letter S T A R K M O B I L E Code L B F M G T N R S P J Ans. B

28. Q. 6. If the word PORTER can be coded as MBNZQN, how can REPORT be written? A) NQMNBZ B) NQMBNZ C) NBQMNZ D) NQBMNZ Letter P O R T E Code M B N Z  Q Ans. B

29. Q.7. If MINERAL is written as QRSTUVW and SOUND are written as ABCSD, then how will READER be written in the same code? A) SBFEFS B) UTVDTU C) TUDVUT D) QDZCDQ Letter M I N E R A L S O U D Code Q R S T U  V  W A B C D Ans. B

30. Q. 8. In a coding system, SHEEP is written as GAXXR and BLEAT as HPXTN. How can SLATE be written in this coding system? A) GPTNX B) GPTXN C) GPXNT D) PTGXN Letter S H E P B L A T Code G A X R H P T N Ans. A

31. Q. 9. If R is denoted by N, D is denoted by T, I by U, O by I, E by R, T by O, U by D, N by C and C by E, then how will the word INTRODUCE be written? A) UCONIDTER B) UCONITDER C) UNCONTIDER D) UCOINTDER E) None of these I N T R O D U C E U C O N I T D E R Ans. B

32. Q.10 If the word EARTH be written as QPMZS in coded form, how can HEART be written following the same coding? A) SQPZM B) SQMPZ C) SPQZM D) SQPMZ Letter E A R T H Code Q P M Z S Ans. D

33. solve problems related to number coding, solve problems related to symbol coding.

34. In this, either the numerals are assigned to the alphabets of the given code or the alphabets are assigned to the numerals. The candidate has to observe the direction of solving the problem. Clearly, letters and numbers are correlated to each other in no other way except in relation to the position of the letters in the English alphabet. In all other cases, the question is one of direct coding. Number Coding

35. Ex. 1 : If in a certain code, TWENTY is written as 863985 and ELEVEN is written as 323039, how is TWELVE written in that code ? 203863 368302 863203 320368

36. Ex. 2 : In a certain code, if LOGIC is coded as 1512201824, how is PEARL coded as? 112226915 113331596 112226710 113336734

37. Ex. 3 : If APPLE is written as 24991320, how is LOVELY coded as? 13101310130 13101320130 13101350140 13101340120

38. Ex 4 : If ENGLAND is written as 1234526 and FRANCE is written as 785291, how is GREECE coded ? 117186 381171 131871 112235

39. Ex. 5 : In certain code language, 15729 is written  as AEGBI and 2346 is written as BCDF, then how will 23549 be written in that language? A) ABEDI B) CBEDI C) BCEDI D) CEBDI E) None of these

40. Ex. 6 : In certain code,15789 is written as EGKPT  and 2436 is written as ALUR, how is 24539 written in that code? A) AGLTU B) ALEUT C) ALGUT D) ALGRT

41. Ex. 7 : If DICTIONARY is written as 1234256789, then ORDINARY is written as A) 59126789 B) 58126789 C) 57326789 D) 56126789 Letter D I C T O N A R Y Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ans. B The code for DICTONARY is 58126789

42. Ex. 8 : If DELHI is coded as 73541 and CALCUTTA as 82589662, how can CALICUT be coded? A) 5279431 B) 5978213 C) 8251896 D) 8543691 Letter D E L H I C A U T Code 7 3 5 4 1 8 2 9 6 Ans. C Code for CALICUT is 8251896

43. Ex. 9 : Rewrite the word VOCALIST in the numeric form by writing its first four letters in the reverse order and then the next four letters in the reverse order by substituting I by 8, O by 1, L by 3, T by 2, V by 5, S by 7, A by 9 and C by 6. A) 92156873 B) 92157683 C) 92516783 D) None of these VOCALIST -> VOCA/LIST -> ACOV/TSIL -> 96152783 Ans. D

44. Ex. 10 : If DRIVER = 12, PEDESTRIAN = 20, ACCIDENT = 16, then CAR =? A) 3 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10 Each word is coded by the numeral which is twice the number of letters in the word. CAR= (Number of letters in CAR )X 2 = 3 X 2=6 Ans. B

45. Ex. 11 : If O = 16, FOR = 42, then what is FRONT equal to ? A) 61 B) 65 C) 73 D) 78 We have A =2, B= 3, .........., Z=27.Then, FOR = F+O+R=7+16+19=42. FRONT = F+R+O+N+T = 7+19+16+15+21=78 Ans. D

46. Ex. 12 : If DEER = 12215 and HIGH = 5645, how will you code HEEL? A) 2328 B) 3449 C) 4337 D) 5229 Ans. D

47. Ex. 13 : If in a certain code, BAT = 23 and CAT = 24, then how will you code BALL? A) 27 B) 28 C) 32 D) 120 Ans. A

48. Ex. 14 : If each of the letters in the English alphabet is assigned an odd numerical value beginning A = 1, B = 3 and so on, what will be the total value of the letters of the word INDIAN? A) 86 B) 88 C) 89 D) 96 E) None of these Ans. D INDIAN = I+N+D+I+A+N =17+27+7+17+1+27 =96

49. Ex. 15 : If RED is coded as 6720, then how would GREEN be coded? A) 1677199 B) 1677209 C) 16717209 D) 9207716 Ans. B RED->DER->4/5/18 -> 6/7/20 -> 6720 GREEN -> NEERG -> 14/5/5/18/7 -> 16/7/7/20/9 -> 1677209

50. Ex. 16 : If MACHINE is coded as 19 - 7 -9 - 14 - 15 -20 - 11, how will you code DANGER? A) 11-7 -20 - 16- 11-24 B) 13-7-20-9-11-25 C) 10-7-20-13-11-24 D) 13-7-20-10-11-25 Ans. C

51. In this type of coding, symbols like !, @, # and so on will be used for coding the numbers or alphabets. SYMBOLS CODING

52. Ex. 1 : In a certain code ‘TOME’ is written as ‘@ $ * ?’ and ARE is written as ‘ • £ ? ’ How can ‘REMOTE’ be written in that code? ?*$@? £ *$@? £? £?*$@? *$? £@?

53. Ex. 2 : ZA5, Y4B, XC6, W3D, _____ E7V V2E VE5 VE7

54. Ex. 3 : DEF, DEF2, DE2F2, _____, D2E2F3 DEF3 D3EF3 D2E3F D2E2F2

55. Ex. 4 : In a certain code ‘PALM’ is coded as ‘!@?$’ and ‘ARM’ is written as ‘@*$’, how can ‘ALARM’ be written in that code? @!@?$ @$?!@ ?@@!$ NONE OF THESE Ans. D Logic : The corresponding symbols for the letters in the given question is not matching.

56. Ex. 5 : In certain code, RAIN is written as  8$%6 and MORE is written as 7#8@. How REMAIN  is written in this code? A) #@7$%6 B) #@&$%6 C) 7@#$%6 D) 8@7$%6 E) None of these Letters R A I N M O E COde 8 $ % 6 7 # @ Ans. D thus, the code for REMAIN is 8@7$7%6

57. Ex. 6 : In a certain code, DESK is written as #&52,  RIDE is written as %7#&, How is RISK written in that code? A) %725 B) %752 C) %7#2 D) %7$# E) None of these Letter D E S K R I Code # & 5 2 % 7 Ans. B Code for RISK is %752.

58. understand deciphering message in coding and decoding, solve problems related to deciphering message word codes, solve problems related to deciphering message number and symbol codes.

59. In this type of questions, some messages are given in the coded language and the code for a particular word or message is asked. To analyze such codes, any two messages bearing a common word are picked up. The common code-word will thus represent that word. Proceeding similarly by picking up all possible combinations of two, the entire message can be decoded and the codes for individual words found. Deciphering Message Word Codes

60. Ex.1 . In a certain code, 'lee ra de' 'means 'what was it' , ' mo nil' means 'you go', 'nil Pom ra ' means 'you like it' and ' tok lee fo ' means 'she was sick'. How will you write 'what you like' in that code? A) nil ra lee B) pom nil ra C) pom ra lee D) None of these

61. Ex.2 . In a certain code language, 'nee muk pic' means 'grave and concern', 'ill disc so' means 'every body else' and 'tur muk so' means 'body and soul'. Which of the following would mean 'every concern'? A) dic pic B) ill nee C) pic nee D) cannot be determined

62. Ex.3 . In a certain code language, 'col tip mot' means 'singing is appreciable', 'mot baj min ' means 'dancing is good' and 'tip nop baj , means 'singing and dancing', which of the following means 'good' in that code language? A) not B) min C) baj D) cannot be determined

63. Ex.4 . In a certain language, 'sun shines brightly' is written as ' ba lo sul ', 'houses are brightly lit as ' kado ula ari ba'and 'light comes from sun' as ' dopi kup lo nro '. What code-words are written for 'sun' and 'brightly' ? A) ba,sun B) sul,lo C) lo,ba D) ba,lo

64. Ex.5 . If tee see pee means drink fruit juice , see kee lee means juice is sweet , lee ree mee means he is intelligent , then which word means sweet ? See Pee Tee Kee

65. Ex.6 . If white is called blue, blue is called red, red is called yellow, yellow is called green, green is called black, black is called violet and violet is called orange, what would be the color of human blood? Blue Yellow Black Violet

66. Ex.7. If the animals which can walk are called swimmers, animals who crawl are called flying, those living in water are called snakes and those which fly in the sky are called hunters, then what will a lizard be called ? Flying Swimmer Snakes Hunters

67. Ex.8 . In a certain coding system, ' rbm -std bro pus' means 'the cat is beautiful', ' tnh pus dim std' means 'the dog brown', 'pus dim bro pus cus' means 'the dog has cat'. What is the code for 'has'? A) std B) dim C) bro D) cus

68. Ex.9 . In a certain code language, 'col tip mot' means 'singing is appreciable‘, 'mot baj min' means 'dancing is good' and 'tip nop baj ' means 'singing and dancing' , then, which of the following means 'good' in that code language ? Mot Bai Min Nop Ans. C

69. In this type of questions, a few groups of numbers/symbols, each coding a certain message, are given. Through a comparison of the given coded messages, taking two at a time, the candidate is required to find the number/symbol code for each word and then formulate the code for the given message. Deciphering Message Number and Symbol Codes

70. Ex.1 . In a certain code language, '134' means 'good and tasty','478' means 'see good pictures' and '729' means 'pictures are faint'. which of the following digits stands for 'see'? A) 9 B) 2 C) 1 D) 8

71. Ex.2 . In a certain code language, '253' means 'books are old' , '546'means 'man is old' and '378' means 'buy good books'. What stands for 'are' in that code? A) 2 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6

72. Ex.3 . In A certain code language, '234' means 'spark and fire', '456' means ‘spark is cause' and '258' means 'fire is effect'. Which of the following numerals is used for cause'? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6

73. Ex.4 . In a certain code, '786' means 'study very hard', '958' means 'hard work pays' and '645' means  'study and work'. which of the following is the code for 'very'? A) 8 B) 6 C) 7 D) cannot be determined

74. Ex.5 . In a certain code language, 'pen pencil' is written as '%&', 'eraser sharpener' is written as '@#' and 'pencil eraser' is written as '%@'. Then, what is the code for 'pen'? A) # B) % C) @ D) & Ans. D

75. Ex.6 . In a certain code language,' go for morning walk' is written as '$*?#, 'good for health' is written as '%?@' and 'good to walk fast' is written as '+@^#', then what is the code for 'health' in that code language ? A) + B) # C) % D) ? Ans. C

76. Ex.7 . In a certain code language, '123'means 'bright little boy', '145' means 'tall big boy' and '637' means 'beautiful little flower'. Which digit in that language means 'bright'? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 Ans. B

77. Ex.8. In a certain code language, '851' means 'good sweet fruit‘, '783‘ means 'good red rose' and '341' means 'rose and fruit'. Which of the following digits stands for 'sweet' in that language ? 2 3 4 5 Ans. D

78. Ex.9 . In a certain code, 2 is coded as P, 3 as N, 9 as Q, 5 as R, 4 as A and 6 as B . How is 599423 coded in that code? QRQPAN RQQAPN AQPQRN QRANPA Ans. B Logic : Clearly as given 5 is coded as R, 9 as Q, 4 as A, 2 as P, 3 as N. So, 599423 is coded as RQQAPN .

79. Ex.10 . In a certain code language, '123' means 'hot filtered coffee' , '356‘ means 'very hot day' and '589' means 'day and night'. Which digit stands for 'very' ? 3 6 9 7 Ans. B

80. Ex.11 . In a certain code, '256' means 'you are good' ; '637' means 'we are bad' and '358' means 'good and bad'. Which of the following represents 'and‘ in that code ? 5 6 7 8 Ans. D