4. importance and knowledge of dashavidha pariksha

In Charaka explains Dashavidha Pariksha Bhavas and
while explaining the aspect of of Desha, Desha is divided into
Bhumi and Deha Desha,Under Deha Desha, Dasha Vidha Atura Pariksha are explained,Dashavidha pariksha is one of important daignostic tool explained in Ayurveda ,in the context of दशविध परीक्षा भािा’ s.

1. DASHAVIDHA PAReeKSHA Presented By – Dr.Sudeesh Shetty (M.D In Roganidan &Vikriti Vijnana) Mobile :[phone] [email protected]

2. 1.Introduction 2.Imortence of word pareeksha 3.Dashavidha pareeksha bhavas 4.Dashavidha pareeksha 5.Prakruthi 6.Importence of prakruthi 7. Vikruthi 8. Sara 9.Significance of sara pareeksha 10.Pramana pareeksha 11.Satmya 12.Satva pareeksha 13.Ahara sakthi pareeksha 14.Vyayama shakthi 15.Vaya pareeksha 16.Conclusion. Contents

3. Ayurveda Prayojana - Dhatu Samya Kriya . Vikara Prashamana and Swastha paripalana . Hence,In Charaka explains Dashavidha Pariksha Bhavas and while explaining the aspect of of Desha, Desha is divided into Bhumi and Deha Desha. Under Deha Desha, Dasha Vidha Atura Pariksha are explained. Dashavidha pariksha is one of important daignostic tool explained in Ayurveda ,in the context of दशविध परीक्षा भावा’ s. INTRODUCTION

4. इमानि खलु तावदिह कानिचित् प्रकरणानि भिषजां ज्ञानार्थमुपदेक्ष्यामः | ज्ञानपूर्वकं हि कर्मणांसमारम्भं प्रशंसन्ति कुशलाः | ज्ञात्वा हि कारण-करण-कार्ययोनि-कार्य-कार्यफलानुबन्ध-देश-काल प्रवृत्त्युपायान् सम्यगभिनिर्वर्तमानःकार्याभिनिर्वृत्ताविष्टफलानुबन्धं कार्यमभिनिर्वर्तयत्यनतिमहता यत्नेन कर्ता || ६८|| Why pareeksha is needed?

5. While expaining the context of Desha , Charaka expaines the Dashavidha pariksha Like तस्मादातुरं परीक्षेत प्रकृतितश्च विकृतितश्च सारतश्च संहननतश्च प्रमाणतश्च सात्म्यतश्च सत्त्वतश्च आहारशक्तितश्च व्यायामशक्तितश्च वयस्तश्चेतिबलप्रमाणविशेषग्रहणहेतोः

6. १.प्रक्रुति २.विकृति ३.सारा ४.संहनन ५.प्रमाण ६.सात्म्य ७.सत्व ८.आहार शक्ति ९.व्यायाम शक्ति १०.वय Dashavidha pareekshas are as follows.

7. तत्र प्रकृत्यादीन् भावाननुव्याख्यास्यामः [ १ ] तद्यथा-शुक्रशोणितप्रकृतिं , कालगर्भाशयप्रकृतिं , आतुराहारविहारप्रकृतिं , महाभूतविकारप्रकृतिं च गर्भशरीरमपेक्षते | एतानि [ २ ] हि येन येन दोषेणाधिकेनैकेनानेकेन वा समनुबध्यन्ते , तेन तेन दोषेण गर्भोऽनुबध्यते ; ततः सा सा दोषप्रकृतिरुच्यते मनुष्याणां गर्भादिप्रवृत्ता | तस्माच्छ्लेष्मलाः प्रकृत्या केचित् , पित्तलाः केचित्,वातलाः केचित् , संसृष्टाः केचित् , समधातवः केचिद्भवन्ति | तेषां हि लक्षणानि व्याख्यास्यामः ||९५|| Prakruti (investigation for constitution)

8. It means that-the inherent characteristics of an individual देह प्रकृति is determined by these factors शूक्र शोणित प्रकृति काल गर्भाशय प्रकृति मातुर् आहर विहार प्रकृति महाभुत प्रकृति

9. Sushruta explains the Prakruti on the basis of Sharirika and Manasika . सप्त प्रकृतियो भवन्ति- दोषॆ: हि प्रुतग् व्दिशैःसमस्तैश्च ॥ सु.शा ४/६१ They are SHARIRIKA 1.Vataja prakruti 2.Pittaja prakruti 3.Kaphaja prakruti 4,5,6.Samsarghaja 7. Sama prakruti

10. 2.MANASIKA PRAKRUTI: 1.Satwika prakruti - १.ब्रह्म काय २.महेन्द्र काय ३.वरुन काय ४.कुबेर काय ५.गन्धर्व काय ६.याम्य काय ७.ॠषि काय

11. २.राजसिक काय प्रक्रुति: १.आसुर काय २.सर्प काय ३.शकुन काय ४.राक्शस काय ५.पिशाच काय ६.प्रेत काय

12. ३. तामस काय प्रक्रुति: १.पशु काय- २.मत्स्य काय ३.वानस्पत्य काय Charaka says manasika prakrutis are innumerable . Hence all above descriptions are made with view to indicate the general mode of treatment.

13. In a broad sense, prakriti may be defined as the nature of an individual. mÉëM×üÌiÉ : xuÉpÉÉuÉÉã rÉ : | According to Ayurvedic texts prakriti of a person is his normal condition i.e. when he is healthy and unaffected by disease . ÌuÉMüÉUÉã kÉÉiÉÑuÉæwÉqrÉÇ xÉÉqrÉÇ mÉëM×üÌiÉÂcrÉiÉã | ( cÉ xÉÔ ) Prakriti is a parameter for assessing the dominance of the doshas or more precisely their gunas in making up a man’s constituition . Prakriti is determined by the following factors; Sukrasonitha prakriti Kala garbasaya prakriti Mathurahara vihara prakriti Mahabhoota prakriti

14. From the general characteristics described under each of the three primary prakritis , it can be seen that prakriti has its own mark on the physical, mental and intellectual features of an individual and whatever goes to make his life completely as it is. According to Charaka , prakriti influences the strength, wealth, knowledge and longeivity etc of a person. Sama prakriti or kapha prakriti enjoys these qualities in comparatively higher extent Pitha prakriti – moderate qualities Vatha prakriti – shows the least vÉÑYsÉɨÉïuÉxjÉæeÉïlqÉÉSÉæ ÌuÉwÉãhÉãuÉ ÌuÉwÉÌ¢üqÉã | iÉæ¶É ÌiÉxÉë mÉëM×üiÉrÉÉã WûÏlÉqÉkrÉÉã¨ÉqÉÉ : mÉ×jÉMç | xÉqÉkÉÉiÉÑxxÉqÉxiÉÉxÉÑ ´ Éã¸ÉÌlÉl±É ̲SÉãwÉeÉÉ:| ¾Òû. xÉÔ 1/10)

15. Characteristics of each prakirti uÉÉiÉ mÉëM×üÌiÉ – AsmÉMãüvÉ : M×üvÉÉå äÉÉã uÉÉcÉÉsɶÉsÉqÉÉlÉxÉ : | AÉMüÉvÉcÉÉUÏ xuÉmlÉãwÉÑ uÉÉiÉmÉëM×üÌiÉMüÉã lÉU : | Vata prakirti – Persons who have scanty hairs, dry and thin body, who are very talkative, of unsteady mind and dream as moving in air. ÌmÉ¨É mÉëM×üÌiÉ – AMüÉsÉmÉÍsÉiÉærÉÉïmiÉÉã kÉÏqÉÉlÉç xuÉãSÏ cÉ UÉãwÉhÉ : | xuÉmlÉãwÉÑ erÉÉãÌiÉwÉÉ SعÉÌmɨÉmÉëM×üÌiÉMüÉãlÉU: | ( vÉÉ xÉÇ ) Pitta prakirti – Persons who have premature grey hairs, who are very intelligent, very angry, sweat profusely, and see fire in dreams.

16. MüTü mÉëM×üÌiÉ – aÉÇpÉÏUoÉÑÌ ®: xjÉÔsÉÉÇXaÉ : ÎxlÉakÉMãüvÉÉã qÉWûÉoÉsÉ : | xuÉmlÉã eÉsÉÉvÉrÉÉsÉÉãMüÐ vsÉãwqÉmÉëM×üÌiÉMüÉã lÉU : | ( vÉÉ xÉÇ ) Kapha prakirti – Persons who are steady in mind, hefty physique, smooth haired,very strong and see reservoirs of water in dreams. Patients possessing the features of two doshas are called dwidosaja prakirti ( double constitution) while with the features of all the three doshas are tridoshaja .(triple constitution). MüTümÉëM×üÌiÉ – vsÉãwqÉÉ ÌWû ÎxlÉakÉvsɤhÉqÉ×SÒqÉkÉÑUxÉÉUxÉÉlSìqÉlSÎxiÉÍqÉiÉaÉÑÂvÉÏiÉÌuÉeeÉsÉÉcNû: | iÉ LuÉÇ aÉÑhÉrÉÉãaÉÉiÉç vsÉãwqÉsÉÉ oÉsÉuÉliÉÉã uÉxÉÑqÉliÉÉã ÌuÉkÉÉuÉliÉ AÉãeÉÎxuÉlÉ : vÉÉliÉÉ AÉrÉÑwqÉliÉÉ¶É pÉuÉÎliÉ |( cÉ ÌuÉ ) By the virtue of above mentioned qualities a man having sleshmala type of constituition is endowed with the excellence of strength, wealth, knowledge, energy, peace and longeivity .

17. ÌmÉiÉ mÉëM×üÌiÉ – ÌmɨÉqÉÑwhÉÇ iÉϤhÉÇ SìuÉÇ ÌuÉxÉëqÉqsÉÇ MüOÒûMüÇ cÉ | iÉ LuÉÇ aÉÑhÉrÉÉãaÉÉiÉç ÌmɨÉsÉÉ : qÉkrÉoÉsÉÉ : qÉkrÉÉrÉÑwÉÉã qÉkrÉ¥ÉÉlÉ ÌuÉ¥ÉÉlÉ ÌuÉ¨É EmÉMüUhÉuÉliÉ¶É pÉuÉÎliÉ | ( cÉ ÌuÉ ) A man having pittala type of constituition is endowed with the moderate of strength, wealth, knowledge, energy, peace and longeivity . uÉÉiÉ mÉëM×üÌiÉ – uÉÉiÉxiÉÑ Ã¤ÉsÉbÉÑcÉsÉoÉWÒûvÉÏbÉëvÉÏiÉmÉÂwÉÌuÉvÉS : | iÉ LuÉÇ aÉÑhÉrÉÉãaÉÉiÉç uÉÉiÉsÉÉ : mÉëÉrÉãhÉ AsmÉoÉsÉÉ¶É AsmÉÉrÉÑwÉ¶É AsmÉxÉÉkÉlÉÉ¶É AsmÉkÉlÉÉ¶É pÉuÉÎliÉ | ( cÉ ÌuÉ ) Vatala type of constituition are mostly possessed by lesser quantity of strength, span of life, procreation, accessories of life and wealth in lesser quantity.

18. Sama prakriti persons possesses all excellent qualities of all dhatus xÉuÉïaÉÑhÉ xÉqÉÑÌSiÉÉxiÉÑ xÉqÉkÉÉiÉuÉ : | ( cÉ ÌuÉ 8/100) mÉëM×üÌiÉÍqÉWû lÉUÉhÉÉÇ pÉÉæÌiÉMüÐÇ MãüÍcÉSÉWÒû : mÉuÉlÉSWûlÉiÉÉãrÉæ : MüÐΨÉïiÉÉxiÉÉxiÉÑ ÌiÉxÉë : | ÎxjÉU-ÌuÉmÉÑsÉvÉUÏU : mÉÉÍjÉïuÉ¶É ¤ ÉqÉuÉÉlÉç vÉÑÍcÉUjÉ ÍcÉUeÉÏuÉÏ lÉÉpÉxÉ : ZÉæqÉïWûÌ ¯: | ( xÉÑ vÉÉ 4/80) Prakriti arises from five elements i.e. pancamahabhootas are as follows – one each from pavana (vata) dahana (agni and pitha ) toya ( sleshma ) prithvi nabhasa ( akasa ) manifests features like cleanliness and long life . All these are characterized by strong and big body and able to withstand troubles.

19. विकृतितश्चेति विकृतिरुच्यते विकारः | तत्र विकारं हेतु-दोष-दूष्य-प्रकृति-देश-काल-बलविशेषैर्लिङ्गतश्च परीक्षेत , न ह्यन्तरेण हेत्वादीनां बलविशेषं व्याधिबलविशेषोपलब्धिः ||Cha.vi -8/101 विक्रुति (pathological investigation)

20. Morbid menefistastions of diseases must be examined on the basis of 1.Hetu 2.Dosha-vata, pitta , kapha 3.Dushya-saptadhatu,upadhatu and mala 4.Prakruti 5.Desha- 6.Kaala 7.Bala 8.Lakshana

21. सारशब्देन विशुद्धतरो धातुरुच्यते । चक्रपाणि . सारतश्चेति साराण्यष्टौ पुरुषाणां बलमानविशेषज्ञानार्थमुपदिश्यन्ते ; तद्यथा - त्वग्रक्तमांसमेदोऽस्थिमज्जशुक्रसत्त्वानीति || च.वि -८/१०२ सार (investigation strength of the system)

22. चरक explains Astavidha Sara purusha lakshanas , Kashyapa addes OJO SARA purusha lakshanas . They are- १.त्वक सार २.रक्त सार ३.मांस सार ४.मेदो सार ५.अस्ति सार ६.मज्जा सार् ७.शुक्र सार ८.सत्व सार

23. By seeing the strong and lean person we can mislead in the assessment of strength of an individual , so charaka emphasized this by giving an example of Ant and Elephant. Significance of Saara examination :

24. C hakrapaani says that - “ संहतिरिति निबिडसन्धानतेत्यर्थः। ” It represents the proper allinement of Asthi , Sandhi and Mamsa with respect to fuctional and Anotomical aspect संहनन परिक्षा: (investigation for comacteness of body)

25. संहननतश्चेति संहननं , संहतिः [ १ ] संयोजनमित्येकोऽर्थः | तत्र समसुविभक्तास्थि , सुबद्धसन्धि , सुनिविष्टमांसशोणितं , सुसंहतं शरीरमित्युच्यते | तत्र सुसंहतशरीराः पुरुषा बलवन्तः , विपर्ययेणाल्पबलाः , मध्यत्वात् संहननस्य मध्यबला भवन्ति || च .वि ८/११६ . १.प्रवर संहनन २.मध्यम संहनन ३.अवर संहनन

26. प्रमाणतश्चेति शरीरप्रमाण पुनर्यथास्वेनाङ्गुलिप्रमाणेनोपदेक्ष्यते उत्सेधविस्तारायामैर्यथाक्रमम् | च.वि ८/११८ प्रमाण परीक्ष (investigation for measurement of body)

27. one should examine clinically the measurement of indvidual organs of the body to understand the pravara , madyama and Avara of one’s own anthopometry i.e Anguli pramana in response to his or her age and sex . Sushruta sub divided pramana into 1.Pravara pramana -A person who fulfills standerd measerement criteria excellently.with respect to Height ,length and breadth. 2.Madhyam- moderate 3.Avara-lesser extent.

28. सात्म्यतश्चेत्यत्र सात्म्यशब्देन ओकसात्म्यमुच्यते , प्रकृतिसात्म्यादीनां भेषजादिपरीक्षयैव परीक्षितत्वादिति ज्ञेयम् । चक्रपाणि . सात्म्य परीक्ष: (investigation for homologation)

29. सात्म्यतश्चेति सात्म्यं नाम तद्यत् सातत्येनोपसेव्यमानमुपशेते| च.वि ८/११८ It stands for such factors as are wholesome to the individual even after continuous usage Ex- Ghrita , ksheera , mamsarasa satmya. * Sarvarasa satmya is considered as an Pravara satmya * Eka rasaja satmya –Avara ( Ruksa satmya)

30. सत्त्वतश्चेति सत्त्वमुच्यते मनः| च.वि १/११९ satwa is mind and it regulates the body because of its association with Atma . Types : १.प्रवर सत्व- सत्व गुण प्रधान्य. २.मध्यम सत्व-रजस् गुण प्रधान्य. ३.अवर सत्व- तमस् गुण प्रधान्य. सत्व परीक्ष (investigation for mental state )

31. आहारशक्तितश्चेति आहारशक्तिरभ्यवहरणशक्त्या जरणशक्तया च परीक्ष्या;बलायुषी ह्याहारायत्ते||१२०|| आहर शक्ति can be assessed by in two angles i.e १.अभ्यवरण शक्ति ( power of ingestion ) २.जरण शक्ति ( power of Digestion ) आहार शक्ति परीक्ष (investigation for digestive capacity)

32. * Strength and life span is depends on his own diet capacity it all depends on AGNI. *The whom possess good in digestive capacity can live longer life and withstands with the stronger therapy. It is again divided into १.प्रवर आहार शक्ति २.मध्यम आहार शक्ति ३.अवर आहार शक्ति

33. चक्रपाणि quotes vyayam as….. कर्म भारवहनादि,तत्र शक्तिः कर्मशक्तिः|| ** व्यायामशक्तितश्चेति व्यायामशक्तिरपि कर्मशक्त्या परीक्ष्या | कर्मशक्त्या ह्यनुमीयते बलत्रैविध्यम् || cha .vi 8/121 व्यायाम शक्ति परीक्ष (investigation for body power)

34. Vyayama shakti can assessed by with reference to capacity to work . It determines ones own ability to perform the work. divided into- १.प्रवर व्यायाम शक्ति २.मध्यम व्यायाम शक्ति ३.अवर व्यायाम शक्ति

35. वयस्तश्चेति कालप्रमाणविशेषापेक्षिणी हि शरीरावस्था वयोऽभिधीयते | तद्वयो यथास्थूलभेदेन - त्रिविधं - बालं , मध्यं,जीर्णमिति | च.वि ८/१२२ वय परीक्ष (investigation for the age)

36. वय is defined as state of body corresponding to the length of time that has passed since birth. Age is divided broadly into १.बाल- upto षोडश वर्ष २.मध्यम- from षोडश वर्ष to षष्टिवर्ष ३.जर – after षष्टिवर्ष till death.

37. 1.Dashavidha pareeksha is one of the important pareeksha explained by charaka . 2.Ten folds of examination should be done to understand the over view condition of the person in order to carry out scientifically and methodologically therapeutic treatment in systemic planned manner . CONCLUSION

38. 3. For proper understanding the deha prakruthi sara samhanana etc dashavidha pareeksha is needed 4. In Ayurveda each individual is considered as different entity dashavidha pareeksha helps us to in the management of roga by giving proper medications . 5.Also it helps us to know the Ayu pramana of persons.