41-60 CONTROL OF IODINE DEFICIENCY .pptx

iodine deficiency disorders, its treatment

1. CONTROL OF IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS

2. IODINE Iodine is an essential micronutrient. It is required for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and  Iodothyronine (T3) The daily requirement of iodine for adults is placed at 150 micrograms. The recommendations of WHO Of 250 micrograms Per day for iodine during pregnancy has also been adopted.

3. sources The best sources of iodine are sea foods (e.g., sea fish sea salt) and cod liver oil. Smaller amounts occur in other foods, e.g., milk, meat, vegetables, cereals, etc. The iodine content of fresh water is small and very variable about 1-50 micrograms/L  About 90 per cent of iodine comes from foods eaten; the remainder from drinking water

4. Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) It is a major nutrition problem in India Previously iodine deficiency was equated with goitre In recent years,it has become clear that it leads to a much wider spectrum of disorders

5. Epidemiological assessment of iodine deficiency This is necessary before initiating an iodization programme and for surveillance of goitre control programmes. The following indicators are useful in this regard: Prevalence of goitre Prevalence of cretinism Urinary iodine excretion Determination of serum levels of thyroxine and TSH for the assessment of thyroid function. Prevalence of neonatal hypothyroidism.

6. IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS PROGRAMME India commenced a goitre control programme in 1962, based on iodized salt. The IDD control programme was initiated nation-wide rather than area specific. Essential components of programme are use of iodized salt, monitoring and surveillance , manpower training and mass communication.

7. Objectives of goitre control programme Increase iodine intake Indices of urinary excretion particularly recommended for use in surveillance. Neonatal hypothyroidism is a sensitive indicator of environmental iodine deficiency. Serum T4 level is more sensitive indicator of thyroid insufficiency than T3

8. OBJECTIVES OF PROGRAMME Survey to assess the magnitude of iodine deficiency disorders in districts. Supply of iodized salt Resurveys to assess iodine deficiency disorders and the impact of iodized salt after every 5 years in districts. Laboratory monitoring of iodized salt and urinary iodine excretion. Health education and publicity.

9. SIGNIFICANT ACHIEVEMENTS Salt commissioner has issued licenses to 824 manufacturers out of which 777 units have commenced production. These units have annual production capacity 222lakh metric tonnes . The production /supply of iodized salt from April 2015 to august 2015 was 26.44 lakh tonnes and 25.12 lakh tonnes .

10. Notification banning the sale of non iodized salt in entire country issued under “food safety and standards act 2006 and regulations 2011”. For effective implementation of National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme 34 states have established iodine deficiency disorders control cells in their State Health Directorate.

11. THANKS !