5-Culture-in-Moral-Behaviorkkrrrtttt.pptx

Honesty, respect, responsibility, compassion, and fairness are essential morals that build trust, foster positive relationships, ensure accountability, promote kindness, and uphold justice in society.

1. Ethics Culture in Moral Behavior

2. Prayer before Study, St. Thomas Creator of all things, true source of light and wisdom, origin of all being, graciously let a ray of your light penetrate the darkness of my understanding. Take from me the double darkness in which I have been born, an obscurity of sin and ignorance. Give me a keen understanding, a retentive memory,

3. Prayer before Study, St. Thomas and the ability to grasp things correctly and fundamentally. Grant me the talent of being exact in my explanations and the ability to express myself with thoroughness and charm. Point out the beginning, direct the progress, and help in the completion.  I ask this through Jesus Christ our Lord.

4. objectives Articulate what culture means Attribute facets of personal behavior to culture Recognize differences in moral behavior of different cultures

5. How culture defines moral behavior?

6. Culture describes a collective way of life, or way of doing things. It is the sum of attitudes, values, goals, and practices shared by individuals in a group, organization, or society. it varies over time periods, between countries and geographic regions, and among groups and organizations. it reflects the moral and ethical beliefs and standards that speak to how people should behave and interact with others. Culture

7. Culture describes a collective way of life, or way of doing things. It is the sum of attitudes, values, goals, and practices shared by individuals in a group, organization, or society. culture includes all the things individuals learn while growing up among particular group: attitudes, standards of morality, rules of etiquette, perceptions of reality, language, notions about the proper way to live, beliefs about how females and males should interact, ideas about how the world works and so forth. Culture

8. Cultural norms are the shared, sanctioned, and integrated systems of beliefs and practices that are passed down through generations and characterize a cultural group. it acts as prescriptions for correct and moral behavior, lend meaning and coherence to life, and provide a means of achieving a sense of integrity, safety, and belonging. Cultural Norms

9. Norms cultivate reliable guidelines for daily living and contribute to the health and well-being of a culture. normative beliefs, together with related cultural values and rituals, impose a sense of order and control on aspects of life that might otherwise appear chaotic or unpredictable. Cultural Norms

10. Culture is learned as children grow up in society and discover how their parents and others around them interpret the world. People learn moral and aspects of right or wrong from transmitters of culture: respective parents, teachers, novels, films, and television (Social Learning, Enculturation, Role Modeling) Culture and Human Behavior

11. Anthropologically speaking: culture-including moral values, beliefs, and behavior-is learned from other people while growing up in a particular society or group; is widely shared by the members of that society or group; and so profoundly affects the thoughts, actions, and feelings of people in that group that individuals are a product of their culture" and "learning a culture is an essential part of human development" Culture and Human Behavior

12. Since interpretations of what is moral are influenced by cultural norms, the possibility exists that what is ethical to one group will not be considered so by someone living in a different culture. Cultural relativism is the ability to understand a culture on its own terms and not to make judgments using the standards of one’s own culture. Cultural Relativism

13. Cultural Relativism Descriptive ethical relativism Normative ethical relativism describes the fact that in different cultures one of the variants is the sense of morality: the mores, customs and ethical principles may all vary from one culture to another. a theory, which claims that there are no universally valid moral principles. says that the moral rightness and wrongness of actions varies from society to society and that there are no absolute universal moral standards binding on all men at all times. What is thought to be moral in one country may be thought to be immoral and even made illegal in another country. claims that all thinking about the basic principles of morality (Ethics) is always relative.

14. Cultural Relativism MORAL in USA IMMORAL IN: Eating Beef India Drinking alcohol, Gambling Middle Eastern Islamic Countries Women in school or business Afghanistan under the Taliban Women wearing shorts, face uncovered Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sudan

15. Cultural Relativism IMMORAL in USA MORAL/ acceptable IN: Killing newborn females China, India Female genital mutilation Many African nations Family kills a woman family member who is raped Somalia, Sudan

16. Filipino culture is a mix of both Eastern and Western cultures. The beliefs and traditions of pre-colonial Philippines was mainly indigenous Malay heritage ( Baringer 2006) Hispanic culture influenced the natives; the Americans shaped the modern Filipino culture. Filipino cultural morality especially that which concerns social ethics, centers on ideally is having a smooth interpersonal relationship (SIR) with others. Filipino Culture

17. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA In its most basic sense, “ pakikisama ” means going along with others. Its basic etymological source is “ sama ” (to go with). A derived term is “ kasama ” (companion; together with). In the social interaction context, “ pakikisama ” means “getting along with others‟, and ideally getting along “well‟ with others. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

18. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA Pakikisama is having and maintaining good public relations. This is usually being practiced avoiding clash with other people or a certain group. It characterizes both a value and a goal that invokes keeping good feelings in all personal interactions and getting along with others, oftentimes, at all costs. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

19. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA The first part of the term “ paki -” is also significant, since it also happens to be the Tagalog affix for “please‟. It’s as if the individual is being requested to “please‟ get along well one’s fellow human beings. To be polite is to use paki - or maki -. Filipinos go to great lengths to avoid offending another’s feelings which is why they have this linguistic social convention. It is also part of this whole system of pakikisama and pakikipagkapwa-tao . 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

20. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA Pakikisama is the opposite of individualism. In Filipino culture, a person who has no pakikisama is a loner, an individualist disdained by others who seek his company. He does not know how to “go with the crowd.” A related word is makibagay , “to conform” with the group in order to maintain a Smooth Interpersonal Relationship. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

21. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA Hiya is describe as feeling of lowliness, shame or embarrassment and inhibition or shyness which is experienced as somewhat distressing. “ hiya ” is related to the concept of “face” and a concern with how one appears in the eyes of others. “hiya” or “fear of losing face” encompasses being afraid to do bad things as it may damage one’s reputation in the sight of other people 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

22. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA “ Hiya ” is one value that regulates the Filipinos social behavior. Just as one is very careful not to be subjected to embarrassment or “ mapahiya ” one must also make it a point NOT to cause another person‟s embarrassment. Hiya is a controlling element in the Filipino society. A person‟s behavior is socially restricted by his sense of “ hiya ” while public behavior is censured, or approved of, by hiya . 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

23. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA Public ridicule, or to be censured openly, or to fail to do what is expected of one, is to suffer hiya , a loss of esteem. Inversely, if one has not acted improperly, or continued to behave in a manner disapproved of by the community, it's to be without hiya (“ walang hiya ” - an ultimate insult). This label automatically results in the withdrawal of acceptance within one’s group, if not the entire community. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

24. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA Like “ hiya ,” the Filipino value of “ amor propio ” is derived from the concept of “face.” Although commonly translated as “self- repect ” or “self-esteem” “ amor propio ” has been “characterized as the high degree of sensitivity that makes a person intolerant concerning to criticism and causes him to have an easily wounded pride” 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

25. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA “ amor propio ” comes from the person‟s tendency to protect his or her dignity and honor . Because of pride or amor propio , for instance, a person may refuse offers even if he she really wants to accept them . “Amor propio ” in short means ego defensiveness, dignity or one’s personal pride akin to the traditional oriental attitude of having “face‟. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

26. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA obligation and responsibility are often viewed in terms of reciprocity ( utang na loob ) -- comprised of debts ( utang ), and inner-self-free will ( na-loob ). is considered an important "accommodative surface value," along with hiya (shame) and pakikisama (togetherness). it is one of the values by which the Filipino accommodates the demands of the world around him, as opposed to confrontative values like " lakas ng loob " and " pakikibaka ". 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

27. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA “ Utang na loob ” may be invoked by some people to demand favors from someone, for the right or wrong reasons. a fundamental aspect of upholding group harmony and relationships that demand the balancing of obligations and debts. The inability to repay the “utang na loob ” usualy makes a person “ walang utang na loob ” or “ walang hiya” 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

28. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA refers to the innate ability and trait of Filipinos to be courteous and entertaining to their guests. Filipinos are hospitable as they are internationally known to be warm, welcoming and accommodating. “ Tuloy kayo” is a Filipino warm welcoming expression that shows kind accommodations to their visitors. “ Tuloy ” means “to go on” or “to enter.” 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

29. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA Filipinos welcome them and ask them the following as a thoughtful gesture. “ Umupo ka muna ,” “ Kain tayo ”, Kumain ka muna ” As Host- it’s a pleasure for Filipinos to see their guests feel at home and well accommodated. Filipinos are generous and hospitable people especially to their visitors. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT FOR ELDERS

30. Filipino Culture-6 basic Filipino values 1. PAKIKISAMA this includes the use of “ po ‟ and “ opo ‟ when talking to elders and “ pagmamano ‟ or the putting of the elder’s hand to one’s forehead. respect to elders makes one dependent or irrationally obedient to parents or elders. failure to follow instructions from elders and to do so will lead you to a foolish act. 2. HIYA 3. AMOR PROPIO 4. UTANG NA LOOB 5. HOSPITALITY 6. RESPECT to ELDERS