685401706-Major-Event-and-Contribution-of-Social-Science-Disciplines.pptx

MAED report

1. Major Event and Contribution of Social Science Disciplines Module 3

2. 9 Disciplines of Social Sciences Demography Anthropology Economics Geography History Linguistics Political Science Psychology Sociology

3. Anthropology Edward Burnett Taylor (1832 - 1917) According to Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004 English cultural anthropologist First to hold the chair in the subject at Oxford University in the UK in 1896 Coined the term “ culture ” Wrote “ Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization "

4. Demography John Graunt (1620 - 1674) Generally accepted that demography originated in the middle of the 17th century. His primitive life tables, which were the first attempt to examine statistical regularities inherent within the numbers of births and deaths.  It may even be argued that demography has an exact date of birth, 27 february 1662, when graunt's observations were first published.

5. Economics Adam Smith (1723 - 1790) According to Butler, 2016 Founder of Classical School Constructed an explanation on how social behavior is regulated Saw a world where each person sought their own self - interest but was constrained by morality, markets and government Wrote “ Wealth of the Nations ” in 1776

6. Geography Eratosthenes (276 B.C - 194 B.C) According to Russell, 2017 Greek geographer Became chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria Accepted the concept that the Earth is round and calculated its circumference to within 0.5 percent accuracy Described the known areas of the world and divided the earth into five climatic regions Prepared the earliest maps of the known world

7. History Herodotus (484 B.C - 425 B.C) According to Mark, 2018 Greek Historian Treated historical subjects as a method of investigation Collected historic al materials systematically and critically and arranged them into a historical narrative . Wrote “ Histories ” which is the record of ancient traditions and culture of Greece, Asia and Africa.

8. Linguistics Ferdinand de Saussure (1857 - 1913) According to Mambrol , 2018 Swiss linguist Posited that linguistic form is arbitrary and therefore that all languages function in a similar fashion Published “ Memoire sur le systeme primitif des voyelles dans les langues indo-europeenes .”

9. Political Science Aristotle (384 - 322 B.C) According to Neonatal, 2016 Political scientist Laid down the foundation of governance and leadership He said “man by nature is a political animal”. He wrote “ The Politics ”.

10. Modern Political Science Niccolò Machiavelli  (1469-1527 ) O ften called the "Father of Modern Political Science". He was an Italian diplomat, philosopher, and historian. His most famous work is The Prince , which is a treatise on political power.

11. Psychology Wilhelm Wundt (1832 - 1920) According to McLeod, 2008 German Psychologist Opened the Institute for Experimental Psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany in 1879 Trained Psychology students to make observations that were biased by personal interpretation or previous experience and used the results to develop a theory of conscious thought. Wrote “ Principles of Physiological Psychology .”

12. Sociology Auguste Comte (1798 - 1857) According to Lyudmila, 2000 French sociologist Coined the term “ sociology ” Advocated the application of scientific method to social life and positivism. Wrote “ Cours de Philosophie Positive ” published from 1830 – 1842 in five volumes.