7 Social Control.pptx

Social control from b. Ed curriculum

1. Unit II Chapter 7 Social Control

2. Social control - Meaning Social control means control individual behavior by society and that control of social institutions should be in the interest and welfare of the society. Social control can be exerted through public opinion, force, public appeal, social, religious organizations. Social control can be implemented by society through clubs, family, trade union, church, state, school, religious groups, etc. Social control should be exercised for promoting the welfare and interest of the entire society.

3. Forms of Social control F.E.Lumley classified social control into 2: Based upon force : By compulsion. B ased on symbols : By rewards, praise, flattery, gossip, satire, etc. E.C.Hayes classified into 2: Control by sanctions : A system of rewards and punishments. Control by suggestion in imitation :

4. Forms of Social control (Contd..) Karl Mannheim classified into 2: Direct means of social control : It is the control that exercises upon the individual by the reactions of the people who are living within the proximity. Eg : family, neighborhood, play group. Indirect social control : It is the control which is exercised upon individual by the factors like customs, laws, opinions. Eg : Traditions and customs.

5. Forms of Social control (Contd..) Kimbell Young classified into 2: Positive social control : it means rewards and incentives, fame, respect, etc. Negative social control : Punishments, defamation, negative criticism, etc. Bernard classified into 2: Conscious social control : It means the control which have been consciously developed and employed by leaders of all types. Eg : Education, Law, Public opinion and Coercion. Unconscious social control : Custom, Tradition, Convention

6. Forms of Social control (Contd..) Bernard classified into 2: Destructive social control : The means are punishments, reprisals, intimidation and repression. Constructive social control : It includes revolution, custom, law, education, social reform and non0violent coercion. Sociologists classified into 2: Formal means of social control : Informal means of social control :

7. Forms of Social control (Contd..) Sociologists classified into 2: a) Informal means of social control b) Formal means of social control Informal means of social control : Features: Grow themselves in society. No special agency is required. It is exercised through customs, traditions, folkways, modes, religion, ridicule, etc.

8. Forms of Social control (Contd..) i ) Social suggestions : It is a powerful means of social control. By putting the life examples of great men. Eg : Gandhiji’s birthday celebration. By making suggestions through literature, books, journals, newspapers, etc. Through education. Through advertisement.

9. Forms of Social control (Contd..) ii) Ideologies : Ideology is a theory of social life, which interprets social realities from the point of view of deals to prove the correctness of the analysis and to justify these ideals. Ideologies influence social life to a very deep extent. They express the vital interests of social groups and satisfy their desire for a scheme of social betterment. They simulate action. They provide set of values. They are motivators of social action. Eg : Gandhism , Leninism.

10. Forms of Social control (Contd..) iii)Folkways: Folkways are the recognized modes of behavior which arise automatically with a group. They are the behavior pattern of everyday life, which arise spontaneously and unconsciously in a group. They have some degree of traditional sanction. Eg : A particular dress must be worn at particular function.

11. Forms of Social control (Contd..) iv)Modes: Modes are those folkways, which are considered by the group to be of great significance rather than indispensible to its welfare. Modes are related to the fundamental needs of the society. Modes are always moulding human behavior. They restrain an individual from doing act considered as wrong by his/her group. Eg : Monogamy, prohibition, endogamy, anti-slavery, etc.

12. Forms of Social control (Contd..) v) Customs : Customs are the established habits and usages of the people. They are passed on from generation to generation. They are accepted by the society. Customs plays an important role in social control. It compels the individual to conform to the accepted standards.

13. Forms of Social control (Contd..) vi) Religion : It also exercises a powerful influence upon man’s behavior in society. Religion is an attitude towards super human powers. Several forms are superstition, animism, etc. Religion pervades practically in all societies, though there may be different forms of religious beliefs and practices. Religions make people benevolent, charitable, forbearing and truthful. Religion should be an incentive to develop ethical idealism.

14. Forms of Social control (Contd..) vii) Art and Literature : Art and literature influence the imagination and exert control on human behavior. Eg : The martial music of the military band arouses feeling of determination and strength. Artists are called agents of civilization. Literature influence human behavior in society. Eg : Epics in all religions. Detective and Romantic literature plays their own role. Eg : Rosseau in France has tended the French Revolution, Dickens by his books changed the school system in Britain.

15. Forms of Social control (Contd..) viii) Humour and Satire : Humour varies depending upon the situation and purpose. It serves to relieve a tension situation. But sometimes it is used with a bad intention to deflate others without a reason. Eg : Cartoons, Comics. Satire employs wit and scorn as indirect criticism of actions felt to be vicious and socially harmful. It exposes by ridiculing the falsity and danger of behavior. ix) Public opinions : It influences greatly in our action. For fear of public ridicule and criticism we may not indulge in immoral and anti social activities.

16. Forms of Social control (Contd..) b) Formal means of social control Law: In modern society law plays an important role in social control. In a complex society, formulation of rules and regulations is essential. Law is a body of rules enacted by legally authorized bodies and enforced by punishments for heir violations. Education : Education is process of socialization. It prepares a person to fit according to the needs of the society. Education corrects misbelieves and removes prejudices. Education teaches discipline, social co-operation, tolerance and sacrifice. It instills the qualities of honesty, fair play and a sense of right and wrong.

17. Forms of Social control (Contd..) iii) Coercion: It is the use of force to achieve a desired end. It is the ultimate means of social control when all other means fails. a) Physical coercion is in the form of bodily injury, imprisonment and death penalty. Society prefers physical coercion the least. b) Non-violent coercion consists of strikes, the boycott, non-cooperation, etc. Eg : Gandhiji’s non-cooperation movement, students strike to get a teacher for them to teach.

18. Agencies of Social control Family : First place where the child is socialized. Individuals learn various methods of living, behavior patterns, conventions, customs, traditions, modes from family. Family influences a person by suggestion, persuasion, praise, blame, ridicule, criticism, etc. Neighborhood : It is the first community with which the individual comes into contact with. It has great influence on social control. It influence society by suggestion, persuasion, praise, blame, ridicule, criticism, etc.

19. Agencies of Social control (Contd..) iii) Church : It is a powerful agency in social control. iv) Religion : Religion supports folkways, modes of society. Religion play positive and negative controls over the society. v) School : Child learns discipline from the school. vi) Law : In modern society law plays an important role in social control. In a complex society, formulation of rules and regulations is essential. Law is a body of rules enacted by legally authorized bodies and enforced by punishments for heir violations.

20. Agencies of Social control (Contd..) vii) Administration : It forces individual to obey. Administration punish the violators with the help of police, the army, etc. viii) Force : Through physical and non-physical coercion social control is possible. ix) Public opinion : It influences greatly in our action. For fear of public ridicule and criticism we may not indulge in immoral and anti social activities. x) Propaganda : It is a systematic attempt by an individual to control the attitudes of people through suggestions and consequently by their actions. Development in mass communication, propaganda has become an effective means of social control.