A brief description on cell, cell theory and cell wall.

The cell is the smallest unit of life, fundamental to the structure and function of all living organisms. It can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Key organelles in eukaryotic cells include the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Cells perform vital processes such as metabolism, energy production, and protein synthesis. They are enclosed by a plasma membrane that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Cell Wall
The cell wall is a rigid layer found outside the plasma membrane in plants, fungi, bacteria, and some archaea. In plants, it is made of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, providing structural support and protection. In fungi, it is composed of chitin, and in bacteria, it consists of peptidoglycan. The cell wall maintains cell shape, prevents osmotic lysis, and offers mechanical support. It is absent in animal cells. Cell theory is a fundamental principle of biology stating that all living organisms are composed of cells, the basic unit of life.
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1. Cell s & Cell Organelles

2. Cell & Cell Theory Cell wall

3. Cell & Cell Theory Assemblage of organelle Cell Theory ( Schleiden and Schwann’s ) Basic unit of life Arise by the division of pre-existing cells Organisms composed of one or more cells

4. Cell Wall All living organisms have not cell walls.(animals and animal like protist) Non-living Strong component Present outside the plasma membrane Introduction

5. Shape, strength, protection to inner living matter Function Composition They have variety of chemicals: Cellulose Lignin chitin

6. STRUCTURE Primary wall Outer layer cellulose Secondary wall Inner side of primary wall Lignin & other chemicals Thicker For e.g. Xylem cells

7. Plasmodesmata Pores Cell walls of adjacent cells Helps in the connection of cytoplasm's

8. Fungi, Prokaryotes and Protist Fungi Cell walls are made of chitin Don’t contain cellulose Prokaryotic cell walls made of peptidoglycan (Amino acids + sugar)

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