a case study of pyrolysis process in Chemical Engineering

a case study of pyrolysis process in Chemical Engineering

1. Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Department of Chemical & F ood Process Engineering

2. Case Study on Pyrolysis Oil Industry in Bangladesh

3. Group : 10 Presented By Maisa Rahman Urmi Dey (1511028) (1511023) Salman Hossain (1511029)

4. We are going to represent a tire pyrolysis oil industry of Bangladesh which is Radiant Renewable Energy Limited ( Gazipur,Bangladesh ) .

5. What is Pyrolysis Oil ? Pyrolysis oil, sometimes also known as bio-crude or bio-oil is a synthetic fuel under investigation as substitute for petroleum. It is extracted by bio-mass to liquid technology of destructive distillation from dried bio-mass in a reactor at temperature of about 500 C with subsequent cooling. Pyrolytic oil is a kind of tar and normally contains too high levels of Oxygen to be a hydrocarbon.

6. As we know Petroleum is used so much all over the World and It is a natural gift which will finish by the time being. The price of petroleum is increasing day by day so the pyrolysis oil can be a substitute of it. Moreover the price of pyrolysis oil is much lower than the petroleum and other fuels. So the increase of the production of pyrolysis oil is necessary for the present progressing world.

7. OBJECTIVES : The Raw Materials. The Process of Tire Pyrolysis . Productions. Waste Management to Save the Environment.

8. RAW MATERIALS Waste Tires : Waste tires are the main raw materials of producing pyrolysis oil. So we can call tires the one and only element of tire pyrolysis .

9. There are some more elements which can be use as tire pyrolysis oil production. Those are : 1. Rubber or rubber parts from vehicles . 2. Electronic scrap. 3. Mixed (HDPE , LDPE, PE, PP , Nylon, Teflon , PS, ABS, FRP etc) Multi layered. 4. Plastic disposable bottle.

10. WORKING PRINCIPLE Pyrolysis , essentially an endothermic process, an environmentally attractive method for the treatment of tire wastes. The process uses medium temperatures (400 ~ 500oC) and an oxygen-free environment to decompose solid tire wastes chemically, thus producing minimum emissions of nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide compared to the commonly practised conventional technology, incineration. Pyrolysis also allows valuable materials to be recovered.

11. Pyrolysis is a thermal degradation process in which the solid tire waste is heated indirectly in an oxygen-free atmosphere. The whole process is the sum of a series of parallel and subsequent reactions that take place in the pyrolysis reactor. The most common rubbers used for tires are natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR). The rubbers consist mostly of blends of two or three rubbers, together with minor constituents including oil, plasticizer, and other additives. All of these constituents lose their weight at different rates and at different temperatures when pyrolysed . A review of the available international literature and the laboratory results show that the decomposition temperature is about 150-350oC for processing oils, plasticizer, and other organic additives, 330-400oC for NR, and 400-480oC for SBR and BR.

12. decomposition model, is presented in Fig. 1. The three types of arrows in the flow diagram indicate three decomposition reactions. The higher weight or color deepness of the arrows indicates the decomposition of the corresponding tire material in the higher temperature regions.

13. PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF TIRE PYROLYSIS : 1. From Technical Flow Chart. 2. From Process Flow Chart. 3. From Material & Energy Flow Diagram.

14. PRODUCTION Production of Pyrolysis oil in Bangladesh of Radiant Renewable E nergy Limited. 7 ton per day*300 days = 2100 ton/ year. Total output : • Carbon black (35%) - 735 Ton ( Tk 5,000 per Ton in BD) • Furnace oil (40%) - 840 Ton ( Tk 35,000 per Ton in BD) • Steel (12%) - 252 Ton ( Tk 15,000 per Ton in BD) • Gas (13%) - 273 Ton (We are not considering its price)

15. Total Earning : ( yearly) (Unit : Tons) Sl. No. Product Output (%) Output (Ton) Price per Ton Total Income 1. Carbon Black 35% 735 5000 3675000 2. Furnace oil 40% 840 35000 29400000 3. Steel 12% 252 12000 3780000 4. Gas 13% 273 -- Total (A) 36855000

16. Total Expense: ( Yearly) (Unit: Tons) Sl. No. Particular Quantity Price Total Price 1. Waste Tyres 2100 8750 18375000 2. Salary & Wages 7*12 Month 12500 1050000 3. Fuel (For Initial Use) 300 6250 1875000 4. Electricity + Water 900000 5. Misc. Expense (Bag Packing, Repairing, Renovation) 1187500 Total (B) 23387500 Profit (Earning – Expense) (A - B) 13467500

17. WASTE MANAGEMENT Carbon : Carbon black produced by Pyrolysis process ( CBp ) is more economical compared to carbon black produced primarily from and is more price-efficient to be used as an ingredient in the industries listed below:

18. 1. Electric cable jacketing, 2. Conveyor band, 3. Carrier Bands, 4. Hose and doormat, 5. Black nylon bag, 6. Rubber additive, 7. Automotive spare parts, 8. Heat isolation, 9. Fire fighting, 10. Black colorant in rubber materials.

19. STEEL WIRE : The steel present in the tyre can be detached after pyrolysis recycling process is completed. Valuable steel wires are pressed and sold to steel and scrap dealers.

20. CONCLUSION The liquid bio-oil product from fast pyrolysis has the considerable advantage of being a storable and trans- portable fuel.Pyrolysis oil has been successfully used as boiler fuel and also showed promise in diesel engine and gas turbine applications.Some chemicals, especially those produced from the whole pyrolysis oil such as steel or carbon offer more interesting commercial opportunities.

21. THANKS EVERYONE FOR HAVING PATIENCE.