a8 BSC BWM (BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT) .pptx

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1. Bio Medical Waste Management

2. Who Framed these guidelines? By the Ministry of Environment & Forests ( MoEF ) under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The Central Government vide G.S.R. 343(E) dated 28 th March, 2016 published the Bio-medical Waste Management Rules, 2016.

3. For whom this guidelines? These rules apply to all persons who generate, collect, receive, store, transport, treat, dispose, or handle bio medical waste in any form including hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, dispensaries, veterinary institutions, animal houses, pathological laboratories, blood banks, ayush hospitals, clinical establishments, research or educational institutions, health camps, medical or surgical camps, vaccination camps, blood donation camps, first aid rooms of schools, forensic laboratories and research labs.

4. Definition According to Biomedical Waste Rule, 2016 of India, Biomedical wastes are defined as wastes that are generated during the laboratory diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals, or in research activities pertaining thereto, or in the production of biologicals

5. Waste Generated in Hospitals It is estimated that quantity of solid waste generated in hospitals varies from 1/ 2 to 2 kg/ bed in government hospitals, private hospitals and nursing homes. However, biomedical waste accounts for a minor proportion of total waste generated in hospitals . In developing countries, the waste generated in hospitals falls into the following categories: General waste (80%): Vast majority of waste falls in the general waste category, which may be disposed with the usual domestic and urban waste management system. They do not cause any harm to humans

6. Pathological and infectious waste (15%): This is the component of hospital waste that produces maximum hazards. Pathogens in the infectious waste may infect health care workers by entering through ingestion, inhalation or direct skin-to-skin contact Chemical and pharmaceutical waste (3% ): Most of the chemicals ( e.g. disinfectants) and pharmaceutical wastes are toxic, genotoxic (affect genetic system), corrosive, flammable, explosive or shock sensitive Sharp waste (I%): Needle sticks and other sharps are of great concern as they are capable of transmitting bloodborne pathogens such as HIV hepatitis Band C viruses, etc. Less than 1 % accounts for special waste such as cytotoxic drug, radioactive waste, broken thermometers and used batteries.

7. Situation in India According to the Ministry of Environment and Forests ( MoEF ), the gross generation of BMW in India is about 484 TPD (tons per day). Unfortunately, only 447 TPD is treated, and 37 TPD (8%) is left untreated. Karnataka tops the chart among all the states in generation of BMW followed by Maharashtra.

8. Types of Biomedical waste