Absorption and Adsorption

definition and differences and examples of adsorption and absorption

1. ABSORPTION & ADSORPTION By SYEDA MARYAM HASSNY

2. DEFINITION ABSORPTION ADSORPTION The process by which one substance takes up another substance through minute pores or spaces between them involves the whole volume of material The process in which there is adhesion of atoms , ions or molecules from a gas , liquid or dissolved solid to surface involves the surface area of material

3. ADSORPTION ABSORPTION

4. ADSORBATE The substance that gets adsorbed on to the surface ADSORBENT The substance on the surface of which adsorption takes place EXAMPLE If a gas is adsorbed onto the surface of the solid , then the gas is termed as ADSORBATE and the solid is termed as ADSORBENT

5. ABSORBENT A material having capacity or tendency to absorb another substance ABSORBATE A material that has been or is capable of being absorbed ABSORBENT ABSORBATE ABSORBENT ABSORBATE

6. ADSORPTION - Vs - ABSORPTION

7. ADSORPTION ABSORPTION PHENOMENON It is a surface phenomenon HEAT EXCHANGE It is exothermic reaction TEMPRATURE It is favored by low temp. RATE OF REACTION It is steadily increases and reaches equilibrium CONCENTRATION Concentration on the surface of adsorbent is different from that in bulk PHENOMENON It is a bulk phenomenon HEAT EXCHANGE It is Endothermic reaction TEMPRATURE It is generally not affected by temp. RATE OF REACTION It occurs at uniform rate CONCENTRATION It is same throughout the material

8. ADSORPTION ABSORPTION PROCESS It is sorption process. The process is sill unclear. Adsorption is generally classified into physisorption (weak Vander wall forces ) and chemisorption ( covalent bond).It can also be caused by electrostatic attraction . The molecules are held on the surface of the adsorbent and can be removed. PROCESS It is sorption process occurs when atoms passes through or enter bulky material . During it molecules are entirely dissolved or diffused in the absorbent to form a solution . Once the molecules are absorbed ,it become difficult to separate it from absorbent

9. ABSORPTION ADSORPTION

10. TYPES OF ADSORPTION PHYSICAL ADSORPTION CHEMICAL ADSORPTION TYPES OF ABSORPTION PHYSICAL ABSORPTION CHEMICAL ABSORPTION

11. PHYSICAL ADSORPTION CHEMICAL ADSORPTION Caused by intermolecular forces Caused by chemical bond formation Heat of adsorption is small Heat of adsorption is large Decrease with increase in temperature Increase with pressure increase Forms multimolecular layer Increase with increase in temperature Change of pressure has no effect Forms unimolecular layer

12. physical adsorption CHEMICAL ADSORPTION

13. CHEMICAL PHYSICAL ABSORPTION ABSORPTION Chemical absorption is a chemical reaction between absorbed and the absorbing substance Physical absorption is in which the absorbent and absorbate develops weak Vander wall force and it can be reversible

14. EXAMPLES OF ADSORBENT KOALIN ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ALUMINA CREAM FULLER’S EARTH

15. USES OF ADSORPTION In TREATMENT of DIARRHEA In GAS MASK in adsorbing ABNOXIOUS GASES In CLARIFICATION o f SUGAR In PAINT INDUSTRY In adsorption of EXCESSIVE GAS in the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and BACTERIAL TOXIN

16. EXAMPLES OF ABSORBENT COTTON GRANULAR INDUSTRIAL ABSORBENT ABSORBENT PULP ABSORBENT POLYMER

17. USES OF ABSORPTION Used in ABSORPTION CHILLERS for SPACE COOLING APPLICATION Use in CLEAN BURNING of FUELS The process of gas absorption by a liquid is used in HYDROGENATION OF OILS Used in CARBONATION