Development and Maintenance of Standards and Accreditation in Nursing Education Program Meena P Patni M.Sc (N) I year
All professionals have one thing in common that is concern for the quality of their service, which is ensured by developing and enforcing the standards. Two important ways of setting standards are accreditation of the education program & the professional licensure.
The program of action of the national policy on education (NPE) 1986, has proposed the establishment of an Accreditation & Assessment Council (AAC) for maintaining & raising the quality of the institution of higher education.
Definition Accreditation is the process whereby an organization or agency recognizes a college or university or programme of study as having met certain predetermined qualifications or standards.
Accrediting is mainly carried on by voluntary organization. Although these organization are advisory in nature and do not have legal power to control institutions of higher education they do exert pressure.
Purpose and functions of accreditation
Types of accreditation agencies. Regional Professional. a) State b) National
Regional Accreditation Agencies Regional agencies are concerned with institution as a whole. They are general in nature. They are concerned with appraising the total of the institution of higher learning and with safeguarding the quality of education and foundation of professional programmes in colleges and universities. Each agency establishes criteria for the evaluation of institution in its region. It receives those institutions periodically and publishes from time to time a list of those institutions which it has accreditated .
Professional Accrediting Agencies Professional accrediting agencies are specialized and each is concerned with particular profession. State Accrediting Agencies Accreditation in certain stages may be the function of state agencies. It assumes the responsibility mainly for teacher education. State universities commissions and other agency are authorized in some state to evaluate college, to give initial approval to institutions to higher learning to formulate standards, to issue licenses and to have various other responsibilities. Many State agencies accept the accreditation of regional and national accrediting agency as a basis for their approval of the institutions.
National Accrediting Agencies In 1904 started with the accreditation of medical school. Membership in some agencies composed number of some combination of nurses and doctors. National Commission of Accreditation As the number of accreditation agencies were established to control the activities of accreditation agency.
Functions of National Commission of Accreditation To study and investigate the accreditation agency. Publish a list of accreditation agencies, it has approval. To collect and publish information on higher education, that is pertinent to accreditation.
Important Features of the Accreditation Programme Institutional accreditation is done in two parts; The first part starts with self-study by the institution, Involving in this activity all of its major constituents Including facility, students and the institutional management. The second part of the institutional accreditation process involves an outside evaluation by a team of professional educators constituted independently by the accrediting agency.
The institution will be assessed in each of the principle areas of the institutional functioning and responsibility as follows: Institutional mission and objectives. Evaluation and planning Organization and governance Programme of instruction Special activities Faculty Student services Library and learning resources Physical resources Financial resources Advertising and publication
Accreditation in nursing education programs Policies for Accreditation Board Approval of the Initial Development of the Nursing Program 1. Letter of intention should be submitted to the board describing the reasons for establishing the school and the predicted timetable of development. 2. Qualifications to be submitted to the board, by the full time person responsible for the program, who is qualified with the Master Degree in nursing accredited by the national leaguer for nursing and with appropriate preparation for administration in
Contd... nursing education. Faculty qualification is to be on file in the board office on all nurse faculty members. 3. The nurse director or chairman of the department nursing is employed on a full time basis for one academic year before the admission of students to the nursing program. This period is as the "planning year". There should be funds available for the departure chairman to have nurse faculty members participate in developing the philosophy, objectives and course content in the nursing subjects prior to their full appointment of the faculty.
Board Approval for the Admission of Students A statement describing the philosophy, objectives nature of organization and administration should be submitted to the board, at least three weeks prior to the board meeting at which time the program will be reviewed. This must occur at last 6 months to the admission of the first batch. The statement should contain description of the following as well: Student body (number to be admitted to the first batch maximum number to be admitted with projected time table containing source of qualified students desiring this type of program). Faculty: number to be employed, dates of appointment for faculty recruitment, qualification of appointed member.
Process of accreditation Applying for the institution to be accredited. Preparing a report by the institutional head according to the criteria and format sent by the agency. This report is referred to as self-study. Visit to the site by the inspectors appointed by the accrediting agency to verify the self study report. Preparing report by the visitors. Report made by the visitors along with the institutional report is sent to the review board of council.
Process of Registration of School/Colleges Trial Basis - recognition given on the temporary basis based on the application submitted plus pending inspection and is done after the favorable report of accreditation. Permanent recognition - after the inspection and evaluation that is when the school/college meet all the criteria prescribed by the recognition is given.
Services rendered by accredited agencies: Registration and admission of students. Accredited institutions are also expected to counsel students as to assist them in proper selection of the subjects. Distribution of study materials. Organization of personal contact program. Registering students for external examination. Distribution of marks sheets and certificates.
The School and Colleges are expected to Keep Ready the following: I. General Information The name of the university it is affiliated. Date of establishment of program Date recognition by state nursing council, INC or university Number of students graduating per year II. Philosophy Aims and objectives of the institution and departments III. Organizations and Administration Organization chart of institution and colleges
Contd.. Placement of principal Line of authority Teaching staff and non teaching staff IV. Teaching staff Internal lectures External lectures Staff selection procedures Staff development programme Seminars attended V. Administration and Physical setup Office and room for principal Staff, clinical staff, number of classrooms Hostel, cafeteria dining hall Number of books VI. Finance Total budget sanctioned Drawing offices