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1. Acids are substances that have several distinct properties. Here are some of the key properties of acids: 1. **Sour Taste**: One of the most recognizable properties of acids is their sour taste. Common examples include vinegar (acetic acid) and lemon juice (citric acid). 2. **pH Level**: Acids have a pH less than 7. The lower the pH, the stronger the acid. For instance, hydrochloric acid (HCl) has a very low pH and is considered a strong acid. 3. **Corrosiveness**: Many acids are corrosive and can react with metals, often producing hydrogen gas. For example, hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. 4. **Electrolytes**: Acids can conduct electricity when dissolved in water because they dissociate into ions. Strong acids completely ionize in solution, while weak acids only partially ionize. 5. **Reactivity with Bases**: Acids react with bases to form salts and water in a neutralization reaction. For example, hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide (a base) to form sodium chloride (table salt) and water. 6. **Effect on Indicators**: Acids change the color of certain chemical indicators. For instance, blue litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid. 7. **Formation of Hydronium Ions**: When acids dissolve in water, they form hydronium ions (H3O+). This is a key aspect of their behavior in aqueous solutions. Understanding these properties helps in identifying acids and predicting their behavior in various chemical reactions.