Active transpot

Active Transport

1. ACTIVE TRANSPORT

2. INTRODUCTION

3. INTRODUCTION Direct passage through membrane Passage through channels/carriers

4. CATEGORIES OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES PASSIVE TRANSPOT – Simple diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, Osmosis, Filtration, Bulk flow & Solvent drag ACTIVE TRANSPORT – Primary & Secondary VESICULAR TRANSPORT – Endocytosis, Exocytosis & Transcytosis TRANSPORT ACROSS EPITHELIA – Trans cellular & Para cellular ULTRAFILTRATION

5. ACTIVE TRANSPOT Uphill transport Utilizes metabolic energy Exhibits saturation kinetics TYPES Primary Active Transport Secondary Active Transport

6. PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT Directly uses metabolic energy for the transport process ION TRANSPORTING ATPases : P-type ATPases / E 1 -E 2 ATPases V-type ATPases F-type ATPases

7. TYPES OF ATPases & THEIR LOCATION

8. Na-K ATPase

9. OPERATION OF Na-K PUMP

10. REGULATION OF Na-K ATPase ACTIVITY INHIBITORS : -Dopamine Temperature Concentration of ions Metabolic poisons Hypoxia Ouabain & related cardiac glycosides

11. REGULATION OF Na-K ATPase ACTIVITY ACTIVATORS / PROMOTORS: Thyroid hormones Aldosterone Insulin cAMP , DAG

12. FUNCTIONS OF Na-K ATPase

13. CaATPase: PMCA SERCAs H-K ATPase : Proton pump in Parietal cells Acidification of urine H ATPase : V-type ATPase in lysosomes & ER F-type ATPase in Inner Mitochondrial membrane

14. ABC Transporters MDR1 CFTR

15. SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT CO-TRANSPORTERS/SYMPORTERS Move both driving solute & driven solute in same direction

16. Na/glucose cotransporter – SGLT1 to 3

17. Na/ aminoacid cotransporter Na/K/ Cl cotransporter (NKCC)

18. Na/ Cl cotransporter (NCC) K/ Cl cotransporter (KCC1 to 4)

19. H-driven cotransporters - H/ oligopeptide cotransporter - H/AA cotransporter - DMT1

20. 2. EXCHANGERS / ANTIPORTERS Move driving solute in one direction & driven solute in opposite direction

21. 2. EXCHANGERS / ANTIPORTERS Move driving solute in one direction & driven solute in opposite direction Na-Ca exchanger (NCX) Na-H exchanger (NHE)

22. Na-driven Cl-HCo 3 exchanger Cl-HCo3 exchanger / Anion exchanger

23. Other Anion exchangers SAT – Sulphate Anion Transporter OATP – Organic anion transporter protein PGT – Prostaglandin transporter ROAT – Renal organic anion transporter Cl-formate exchanger Cl -oxalate exchanger

24. APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY Oral Rehydration Therapy Proton Pump Inhibitors Loop diuretics Thiazide diuretics Cardiac Glycosides Drug Resistance in Cancer Cells Cystic Fibrosis

25. THANK YOU