Addition and subtraction of numbers.pptx

This gives a background work for a grade 2 pupil being introduced to addition and subtractions of double digit numbers

1. Addition and Subtraction of Numbers (With Carrying and Borrowing) Mathematics Lesson for Grade 2–3 Prepared by: Ebenezer Adebayo 5 th Oct. 2025

2. Warm up Arrange these numbers accordingly 1. Ascending order 23, 34, 6, 9, 45, 76 12, 314, 67, 83, 90, 201 192, 427, 946, 427, 582, 492 2. Descending order 573, 67, 294, 955, 273 582, 539, 829, 325, 21 25, 6, 28 94, 83, 56

3. Introduction to Addition Addition means putting two or more numbers together to find the total or sum. Key words: add, plus, altogether, total, in all. Always start from the ONES place when adding numbers.

4. Example 1: 2-Digit Addition (No Carrying) 24 + 35 = ? Step 1: Add the ones → 4 + 5 = 9 Step 2: Add the tens → 2 + 3 = 5 Answer = 59

5. Example 2: 2-Digit Addition (With Carrying) 48 + 37 = ? Step 1: Add the ones → 8 + 7 = 15 (write 5, carry 1) Step 2: Add the tens → 4 + 3 + 1 = 8 Answer = 85

6. Example 3: 3-Digit Addition (With Carrying) 268 + 157 = ? Step 1: Add the ones → 8 + 7 = 15 → carry 1 Step 2: Add the tens → 6 + 5 + 1 = 12 → carry 1 Step 3: Add hundreds → 2 + 1 + 1 = 4 Answer = 425

7. Practice Example 1 56 + 68 = ?

8. Practice Example 2 129 + 234 = ?

9. Practice Example 3 478 + 256 = ?

10. Addition Exercises (Set 1) 234 + 125 = 56 + 79 = 312 + 147 = 89 + 67 = 145 + 256 =

11. Addition Exercises (Set 2) 468 + 129 = 271 + 339 = 502 + 168 = 437 + 225 = 698 + 174 =

12. Addition Exercises (Set 3) 323 + 447 = 512 + 238 = 729 + 183 = 66 + 48 = 305 + 257 =

13. Addition Exercises (Set 4) 484 + 129 = 321 + 234 = 569 + 178 = 287 + 96 = 624 + 315 =

14. Introduction to Subtraction Subtraction means taking one number away from another to find the difference. Key words: minus, take away, difference, left. Always start from the ONES place when subtracting.

15. Example 1: 2-Digit Subtraction (No Borrowing) 74 - 23 = ? Step 1: Subtract ones → 4 - 3 = 1 Step 2: Subtract tens → 7 - 2 = 5 Answer = 51

16. Example 2: 2-Digit Subtraction (With Borrowing) 62 - 38 = ? Step 1: Borrow 1 → 12 - 8 = 4 Step 2: Now 5 - 3 = 2 Answer = 24

17. Example 3: 3-Digit Subtraction (With Borrowing) 532 - 268 = ? Step 1: Ones → 2 - 8 (borrow 1) → 12 - 8 = 4 Step 2: Tens → 2 - 6 (borrow again) → 12 - 6 = 6 Step 3: Hundreds → 4 - 2 = 2 Answer = 264

18. Practice Example 1 74 - 58 = ?

19. Practice Example 2 402 - 187 = ?

20. Practice Example 3 710 - 365 = ?

21. Subtraction Exercises (Set 1) 82 - 47 = 156 - 89 = 300 - 168 = 421 - 245 = 563 - 249 =

22. Subtraction Exercises (Set 2) 729 - 328 = 814 - 467 = 602 - 285 = 450 - 176 = 701 - 364 =

23. Subtraction Exercises (Set 3) 532 - 178 = 284 - 129 = 905 - 687 = 813 - 469 = 620 - 395 =

24. Subtraction Exercises (Set 4) 741 - 268 = 408 - 176 = 305 - 129 = 502 - 345 = 671 - 459 =

25. Mixed Review (Addition + Subtraction) 1. 324 + 175 = 2. 816 - 487 = 3. 245 + 358 = 4. 709 - 276 = 5. 639 + 258 =

26. Summary and Assessment What is 'carrying over' in addition? What is 'borrowing' in subtraction? Why do we always start from the ones place? Quick quiz: Solve 132 + 256 and 403 - 179.

27. ELA Pronouns Grade 2

28. Warm up Give me 10 examples of personal and possessive pronouns

29. Demonstrative Pronouns Definition: This type is used to point to specific things. They are this, that, these, those. Examples: This is my book. Those are your shoes. These are apples. Are these the file for the project? Where did you keep those boxes?

30. Reflexive Pronouns Definition: This type is used when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same person or thing. They are myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. Examples: 1. I made this picture myself. 2. She taught herself how to paint. 3. The cat cleaned itself after eating. 4. We prepared the food ourselves. 5.The children dressed themselves before school.

31. Interrogative Pronouns Definition: This type is used to ask questions about people or things. They are who, whom, whose, which, what. Examples: 1. Who is knocking at the door? 2. Whom did you invite to the party? 3. Whose bag is on the table? 4. Which of these books do you prefer? 5. What is your favorite subject?

32. Part A: Circle the Pronoun Circle the pronoun in each sentence. She likes to draw with crayons. My dad gave me a new book. They are watching a movie. He rides his bike every morning. I saw her at the park. We love to play soccer. The dog followed us home. It is raining outside. Can you help me with my bag? He and I are best friends.

33. Part A: Circle the Pronoun Circle the pronoun in each sentence. My mom told me a story. They built a sandcastle. We went shopping together. The cat sat near it. You should eat your lunch. The teacher asked him a question. She painted a lovely picture. I love to read fairy tales. The kids said they were tired. He and she are dancing.

34. Part B: Fill in the blank spaces Choose from: he, she, it, they, we, you, I, me, us, them My brother is tall. ___ plays basketball. Anna is kind. ___ helps her friends. The cake looks yummy. ___ smells so good! The boys are running. ___ are very fast. Mom and I are cooking. ___ love to bake together. Can ___ come to the party? The book is for Ben. Give it to ___. The teacher saw Sara and me. She called ___. My friends are funny. I like playing with ___. Tom has a kite. ___ flies it high.

35. Part B: Fill in the blank spaces Choose from: he, she, it, they, we, you, I, me, us, them Don’t worry, ___ can fix it. The puppy is small. ___ needs care. Grandpa told ___ a story. The flowers are pretty. ___ smell sweet. Dad and Mom said ___ would drive us. The baby is sleeping. Don’t wake ___. Mary and John are here. ___ brought snacks. I am learning how to swim. The teacher told ___ to read aloud. My sister said ___ is tired.

36. Part C: Replace the noun with a pronoun Example: Mary is happy. → She is happy. Jack is singing. → ______ is singing. The dog is barking. → ______ is barking. Lucy and I are friends. → ______ are friends. The boy is playing football. → ______ is playing football. The car is red. → ______ is red. The students are reading. → ______ are reading. Sarah is sleeping. → ______ is sleeping. Mom and Dad are cooking. → ______ are cooking. The bird is flying. → ______ is flying. My brother is eating. → ______ is eating.

37. Part C: Replace the noun with a pronoun Example: Mary is happy. → She is happy. The apple is juicy. → ______ is juicy. The girls are dancing. → ______ are dancing. The teacher is smiling. → ______ is smiling. The children are noisy. → ______ are noisy. The cat is drinking milk. → ______ is drinking milk. Peter and Tom are brothers. → ______ are brothers. Mrs. Brown is our neighbor. → ______ is our neighbor. The baby is crying. → ______ is crying. The cake is delicious. → ______ is delicious. The men are tired. → ______ are tired.

38. Part D: Writing practice Write complete sentences using pronouns. Each sentence should have at least one pronoun. I . we . he . she . they . it . you . me . us . him .

39. Part D: Writing practice Write complete sentences using pronouns. Each sentence should have at least one pronoun. her . them . myself . yourself . ourselves . himself . herself . themselves . Write a short story (3 sentences) about your day using at least 3 pronouns .

40. Exercises