Adipocere

post mortem changes and adipocere formation

1. ADIPOCERE Nur Farra Najwa Binti Abdul Azim 082015100035

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of seminar, student should be able to Understand putrefaction and adipocere . Explain mechanism of putrefaction and adipocere What finding to be seen in putrefaction and changes Importance of adipocere

3. PUTREFACTION Onset of breakdown of complex organic constituent of the body to simple inorganic substances. Via autolysis or bacterial action Various fauna expedites the disintegration of body tissue

4. MECHANISM AUTOLYSIS BACTERIAL ACTION Action via digestive enzyme Rapid bacterial growth Release by cell after death Stagnant blood as growth medium Tissue softening and liquefaction Architectural pattern of tissue lost Aseptic chemical process Bacteria from outside and inside body Gross changes putrefaction

5. CHANGES DUE TO PUTREFACTION 12- 24 hour after death Greenish discoloration on right iliac fossa 24-36 hours Greenish discoloration spread to abdomen, chest, face and limb. Entire body greenish blck 36-48 hours Marbling seen EVOLUTION OF GASES As early as 18 hours Full blown picture take about 48-72 hours Balloning effect Post mortem lividity dispersion

6. BALLONING EFFECT Gases collected in hollow viscera Volume expansion Protrude abdominal viscera Lung squeeze and froth coming out Soft tissue increases size Face puff out Tongue protrude Loss of normal human face Postmortem blister Epidermal layer slip off Postmortem delivery

7. POSTMORTEM LIVIDITY DISPERSION

8. COLLIQUATIVE PUTREFACTION After 3-5 days Nail, hair, teeth loose Viscera burst out Skull suture loosen Brain material oozing out 5-10 day Tissue and organ become soft,thick , black pultaceous material

9. ADIPOCERE Putrefaction process deviates and affected by environmental condition Abundant body fat Humid climate Still air Warm temperature Bacteria producing fat splitting enzyme (Cl. Welchii )

10. Cont. Adipocere also known as saponification or grave wax Due to hydrolysis and hydrogenation of fat Appear like rancid butter Sweetish but disagreeable smell 3 week to develop

11. WHY ? Body on damp soil Shady place Optimum environment No free air current

12. IMPORTANCE Facial feature are recognizable, as putrefaction progress arrested Wound are preserved without much alteration Approximate time since death can be estimated

13. SUMMARY Understand putrefaction and adipocere . Explain mechanism of putrefaction and adipocere What finding to be seen in putrefaction and changes Importance of adipocere

14. REFERENCES Textbook Of Forensics Medicine And Toxicology, 16 th Edition, VV Pillay

15. Thank you