agriculture PowerPoint for gr10 1st quarter

presentation

1. LESSON 1 AGRI10 APPLY FERTILIZER P RESENTED BY:JOHN CARLO M. ESCONDE (PRACTICE TEACHER)

2. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, you are expected to: 1. identify the methods of fertilizer application; 2. determine the recommended rate and kind of fertilizer to be applied at specific stage of growth of fruit crops; 3. demonstrate the methods of applying fertilizer; and 4. recognize the value of plant nutrition.

3. Crop nutrition is a very important factor in order to increase production. Plants absorb significant amount of macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and minute quantities of micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, B, Cu, Zn, Mo and Cl) from the soil during their growth period. These nutrients should be present in proper proportion in the soil to attain maximum yield.

4. Kinds of Fertilizer 1. Organic fertilizer- This includes materials which are derived from plants and animal origin such as animal manure and crop residues. a. Farm manure- is a mixture of excretion and soil beddings that are accumulated from poultry houses, swine houses, andanimal stables. b. Crop residues- include rice straws and similar materials which can be used in the field by plowing them before planting crops to allow decomposition.

5. 2.Inorganic fertilizers. These are derived from minerals, atmospheric gases, water and other materials. a. Single element fertilizers. These contain only one majorelement. Examples of these are:  nitrogen – ammonium sulfate – (NH4)2 SO4 (21-0-0)  phosphorous – ordinary super phosphate – P2O5 (0-20-0)  potassium – muriate of potash – K2O (0-0-60) b. Incomplete fertilizers. These contain only two essential fertilizer elements. Examples:  ammonium phosphate (16-20-0) c. Complete fertilizers. These contain all the three major elements N (nitrogen), P (phosphorous) and K (potassium) in percentages indicated by the three numerals designating the fertilizer grade. Example: Triple 14-14-14

6. Methods of Fertilizer Application 1. Ring method. This is done by making a ring within the canopy drip line of the tree and digging it deeply enough to where you broadcast the fertilizer after which the fertilizer is covered with a layer of soil. 2. Band application. This is the application of fertilizer in which a trench is dug around the canopy drip line of the tree and fertilizer is applied and covered with soil.

7. Determining the kind and rate of fertilizer to be applied in the different stages of growth of fruit-bearing crops. Fruit-bearing crops, when properly fertilized, grow well and yield more fruits abundantly. The plants will show some visual signs whether they are receiving an adequate or a deficient supply of the major elements such as N, P and K : 1.Plants that are deficient in nitrogen will show varying degrees of yellowing of the canopy and stunting appearance. 2. A deficiency of phosphorous is manifested by a violet discoloration at the leaf midrib and as the deficiency intensifies, the leaf color becomes dull grayish green and a burning appearance along the leaf margin. 3.A deficiency in potassium shows a discoloration of leaves to pale green. Brown spots developed from tip to the margin of the leaves result to drying of the margins.

8. FERTILIZER COMPUTATION: weight of fertilizer material = weight of nutrient recommended × 100 % nutrient of fertilizer FORMULA

9. Calculate the number of kilograms of ammonium sulfate (21% N) needed ordinary super phosphate (20% P2O5) and muriate of potash (60% K2O) to meet the 90-60-30 recommendation. Solution a. weight of ammonium sulfate= 90 × 100 21 = 429 kgs b. weight of ordinary superphosphate = 60 × 100 20 = 300 kgs c. weight of muriate of potash= 30 × 100 60 = 50 kgs