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1. Shaky Grounds: A Closer Look at Earthquakes

2. I would like to express my sincere gratitude towards our Principal for having me an opportunity to study in this school. I would like to convey my deep gratitude to my subject teacher for her sincere efforts and guidance in the making of this project. I also wish to thank my Parents for their support and encouragement. Acknowledgement

3. W hat is an Earthqua k e ? An e a r th qua k e i s th e sha k in g of th e E a r th's sur f a c e r esul tin g f r om a sudden r el e ase of e n e r gy in th e E arth's cru s t . T his c a n cause d e v as t a t i n g ef f e c ts on t h e su r r oundin g e n v i r onm ent an d communities.

4. Causes of Ea r t hqua k es E ar th qua k es a r e p r ima ri l y c a u s e d b y th e m o v em e nt of t ec t onic p l ates . Wh en th ese pla t e s c o l lide, se p a r a t e , o r slide p ast ea c h oth e r , i t can r esul t in seism i c activity. Other causes include volcanic a c tivi t y an d huma n- in du ced f a c t o r s.

5. Measuring Earthquakes Th e in t ensi t y o f an ear th qua k e i s m easu r ed usin g t h e R i c h t er scale an d t h e Me rcalli s c al e . T h ese m easu r em ents p r ovide v aluable in fo r m a t i on a b out th e ma gnitude an d i m p a c t of s e ismic e v ents.

6. Impact of Earthquakes E a r th qua k e s can h a v e d e v astatin g ef f e c ts, in cludin g st r uc tu ral dama ge , tsun am i s , a n d l o ss of li f e . Un de rstan d i n g th e i m p a c t o f earthquakes is crucial for effective disas ter p r ep a r e dn ess a nd response.

7. Earthquake Preparedness Bein g p r ep a r e d f o r e a r thqua k e s involves creating emergency plans , securing heavy furniture, and having an emergency kit t . It's essential to be informed and ready to respond in the event of seismic activity.

8. Mitigating Earthquake Risks Structural retrofitting, land use planning, and ea r ly w a r nin g s y s t e ms a r e k e y st r a t e gies f or mitigating the risks associated with earthquakes. By imp l em e n t in g th ese m easu r es, c ommuniti e s c a n r ed u c e th e im p a c t of sei s m ic e v e n t s .

9. Global Impact of Earthquakes E a r th qua k e s h a v e a significant i m p a c t o n a global scale, affecting economies ,infrastructure, environmental stability . Un de rstan d i n g th ese e f f ec ts i s cru cial f or in te r na t i onal d i s as t e r r e sponse an d r e c o v e r y ef f o r ts.

10. The Future of Earthquake Research On goin g r es e a r c h in t o ear th qua k e p r ed ic t ion, e a rly w a r n i n g s y s t ems, an d d i s as t e r r e sponse t e c hn o l ogies is shapin g th e futu r e of sei s m ic sci e n c e. B y a d v a n cin g our un de rstan din g, w e can b e t t er p r ep a r e f or a n d mitiga t e th e im p a c t of ear th qua k es.

11. C o n c l u s i o n Earthquakes are an awe-inspiring natural phenomenon with p r o f oun d im p a c ts on o ur w o r ld. By u n d e r sta n din g th e ir c a us e s, e f f ec ts, an d mitiga t ion st r a t e gies, w e c a n w o r k towards building more resilient and prepared communities.

12. Bibliography https://en.m.wikipedia.org https://www.britannica.com https://www.bgs.ac.uk https://www.usgs.gov

13. Mma Madebypushkarkumar Class-11A T hanks!