Air Quality Index Map.pptx

Project presentation

1. Air Quality Index Map Pollution Map, Health Map & Green Route AGNISH MALLICK 211001303002 M.Tech CSE TECHNO INDIA UNIVERSITY

2. Abstract Introduction Motivation Objective Accumulated DATA AQI Category, Pollutants and Health Breakpoints OF INDIA Application Future Prospect Conclusion CONTENTS

3. It is fairly apparent about the rate at which the quality of air is declining in the current environment extensively in the urban areas .One such city, where the poor quality of air can clearly be identified is the capital city of India, Delhi. The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a powerful tool on the basis of which the characteristics of air can be determined in a certain area. The AQI for the city of Delhi is computed by monitoring the four main pollutants namely nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), suspended particulate matter (SPM),and residual suspended particulate matter (RSPM) by calculating the air quality indices for these pollutants. With every country following a different scale for evaluation, the values provided by the Central Pollution Control Board of India are used to assess the condition of air of the region under Consideration . The Seasonal and Daily calculation of AQI divulged the quality of air in The study region which could further be classified into various sections stretching across good, satisfactory, moderately polluted, poor, very poor and severe based on the AQI that was estimated. The main purpose of this research is to identify the weaknesses in the current quality of air and suggest possible steps or policies rendering it fit for human consumption. Abstract

4. Apart from land and water, air is the prime resource for the sustenance of life. Air is an integral and essential necessity in everyday life. Whether it is agriculture, or pollination of various crops, or even basic survival of numerous living species, everything everywhere is dependent on air. The importance of air cannot be overemphasized and hence the rising level of air pollution is a matter of serious concern. Air Pollution is the inadequate change in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air which hampers life as well as leads to potential health problems . Air pollution majorly affects the eyes, lungs, nose, and throat by causing irritation. It also creates respiratory problems and exacerbates existing conditions such as asthma and emphysema. The risk of cardiovascular diseases become much higher when humans are continually exposed to air pollution. In India, air pollution is the third highest cause of death among health risks and because of this, life expectancy has gone down by 2.6 years. Hence, it has become increasingly necessary to not only control the contamination but also enlighten the people affecting the quality of air effectively in a bid to maintain a healthy standard. A reasonable way to analyze the amount of pollution is by determining the standard of air. With technological advancements, a vast amount of data on ambient air quality is generated which is used to establish the quality of air in different areas. I ntroduction

5. Health costs of air pollution The most important reason for concern over the worsening air pollution in the country is its effect on the health of individuals. Exposure to particulate matter for a long time can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, COPD, lung cancer and heart attack .  The Global Burden of Disease Study for 2010, published in 2013, had found that outdoor air pollution was the fifth-largest killer in India and around 620,000 early deaths occurred from air pollution-related diseases in 2010. According to a WHO study, 13 of the 20 most-polluted cities in the world are in India; however, the accuracy and methodology of the WHO study was questioned by the Government of India . India also has one of the highest number of COPD patients and the highest number of deaths due to COPD . Over a million Indians die prematurely every year due to air pollution, according to the non-profit Health Effects Institute .  Over two million children—half the children in Delhi—have abnormalities in their lung function, according to the Delhi Heart and Lung Institute.  Over the past decade air pollution has increased in India significantly. Asthma is the most common health problem faced by Indians and it accounts for more than half of the health issues caused by air pollution . Motivation of this Project

6. The study estimated that of 480.7 million Disability-Adjusted Life Years in India 4.4% of could be ascribed to ambient particulate matter pollution and 15.8 million of them were the result of polluted air in households. In terms of average life expectancy it is suggested that average life expectancy in India would increase by 1.7 years if exposure was limited to national minimum recommendations. Ambient air pollution in India is estimated to cause 670,000 deaths annually and particularly aggravates respiratory and cardiovascular conditions including chronic bronchitis, lung cancer and asthma. Ambient air pollution is linked to an increase in hospital visits, with a higher concentration of outdoor pollution particulates resulting in emergency room visit increases of between 20 and 25% for a range of conditions associated with higher exposure to air pollution. Approximately 76% of households in rural India are reliant on solid biomass for cooking purposes which contributes further to the disease burden of ambient air pollution experienced by the population of India

7. According to the WHO, India has 14 out of the 15 most polluted cities in the world in terms of PM 2.5 concentrations. Other Indian cities that registered very high levels of PM2.5 pollutants are Delhi, Patna, Agra,Muzaffarpur,Srinagar,Gurgaon,Jaipur,Patiala and Jodhpur, followed by Ali Subah Al-Salem in Kuwait and a few cities in China and Mongolia. Air Quality Index (AQI) is a number used to communicate the level of pollution in the air and it essentially tells you the level of pollution in the air in a given city on a given day. In May 2014 the World Health Organization announced New Delhi as the most polluted city in the world. In November 2016, the Great smog of Delhi was an environmental event which saw New Delhi and adjoining areas in a dense blanket of smog, which was the worst in 17 years.

8. Number of deaths (millions) Percentage of total (deaths) Number of DALYs, (millions) Percentage of total DALYs Air pollution 1·67 (1·42–1·92) 17·8% (15·8–19·5) 53·5 (46·6–60·9) 11·5% (10·2–12·8) Ambient particulate matter pollution 0·98 (0·77–1·19) 10·4% (8·4–12·3) 31·1 (24·6–37·5) 6·7% (5·3–8·0) Household air pollution 0·61 (0·39–0·86) 6·5% (4·3–9·0) 20·9 (14·1–28·7) 4·5% (3·0–6·1) Ambient ozone pollution 0·17 (0·08–0·26) 1·8% (0·9–2·7) 3·06 (1·51–4·83) 0·7% (0·3–1·0) Deaths and DALYs attributable to air pollution in India in 2019 Data are point estimate (95% UI). DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years. The sums of deaths and DALYs attributable to each component of air pollution are more than the estimates for overall air pollution because the population attributable fractions from component risk factors can add up to more than the population attributable fraction for the parent risk factor, even if the components are independent.

9. MAIN OBJECTIVE 1. Structure the AQI data

10. 2. Real-time air quality and weather information  

11. Data Collected These are the few data samples that are collected across West Bengal. The above table contains Pollution data as well as Whether data. Here the aqius is the AQI united states based and The aqich is the AQI china based.

12. AQI Category (Range) PM 10 24-hr PM 2.5 24-hr NO 2 24-hr O 3 8-hr CO 8-hr (mg/m 3 ) SO 2 24-hr NH 3 24-hr Pb 24-hr Good (0-50) 0-50 0-30 0-40 0-50 0-1.0 0-40 0-200 0-0.5 Satisfactory (51-100) 51-100 31-60 41-80 51-100 1.1-2.0 41-80 201-400 0.5 –1.0 Moderately polluted (101-200) 101-250 61-90 81-180 101-168 2.1- 10 81-380 401-800 1.1-2.0 Poor (201-300) 251-350 91-120 181-280 169-208 10-17 381-800 801-1200 2.1-3.0 Very poor (301-400) 351-430 121-250 281-400 209-748* 17-34 801-1600 1200-1800 3.1-3.5 Severe (401-500) 430 + 250+ 400+ 748+* 34+ 1600+ 1800+ 3.5+ AQI Category, Pollutants and Health Breakpoints OF INDIA

13. AQI Associated Health Impacts Good (0–50) Minimal Impact Satisfactory (51–100) May cause minor breathing discomfort to sensitive people. Moderately polluted (101–200) May cause breathing discomfort to people with lung disease such as asthma, and discomfort to people with heart disease, children and older adults. Poor (201–300) May cause breathing discomfort to people on prolonged exposure, and discomfort to people with heart disease Very Poor (301–400) May cause respiratory illness to the people on prolonged exposure. Effect may be more pronounced in people with lung and heart diseases. Severe (401-500) May cause respiratory impact even on healthy people, and serious health impacts on people with lung/heart disease. The health impacts may be experienced even during light physical activity.

14. Air Quality index Sub-Stations

15. Health Map Pollution Map Green Route Applications of this Project

16. Pollution Map

17. Health Map

18. GREEN ROUTE

19. As people are becoming conscious towards environment protection they are Striving for a sustainable lifestyle. For green travelers the vacations or holidays are planned in a way that minimizes their carbon footprint. Tourism has the potential to immensely benefit the natural ecosystems if all members of the industry and responsible green travelers are constantly engaged in environmental protection and conservation.

20. Future Prospect AQI Forecasting Travel green Mobile App When it comes to Air Quality forecasting, the key to a better accuracy is refine the forecasting model, and create a specific modelisation for each country, and, even better, for each city.  Travel green app will help to book green transportation from your mobile.

21. In this research, the day-to-day AQI values were calculated for three years straight. In addition to this, the correlation coefficient of each pollutant was computed. This gave a valuable insight into the quality of air and the challenges that we are facing in a bid to improve the air quality. The AQI value on an average was found consistently around 200 which is rendered unhealthy by the CPCB, see table II. With the main contributing factors in contamination of air being SPM and RSPM, there is an urgent need to address their rising concentration. Some plausible reasons for their increase might be industrial activities, agricultural malpractices and so on. Although SO2 and NO2 look seemingly under control, there has been a steady rise in their concentration levels that need further monitoring. As cited earlier, air pollution is one of the deadly contributors hampering human life causing numerous life threatening diseases. Moreover, the dire state of the capital city portrays a poor reflection of the country as a whole in the global sector. Hence, it has become quintessential to address this issue with a top priority to enhance the standard of living. CONCLUSIONS