Albert Einstein At School

class XI Book Snapshot
Chapter 4 Albert Einstein At School

N.B : This is for reference only. Students are advised not to copy, but to take ideas and do the work in their own style-it builds your imagination.

2. Albert Einstein was born on 1879 and is
considered as the greatest theory physicist.
His main contribution to physics was the
“Theory Of Relativity". This lead to a
massive
revolution in physics, and due to this, he is
considered as the Father of Modern Physics
He worked as a professor at the Berlin
Academy of Sciences in Germany but later
became a citizen of the U.S.
He played major role in making the atom bomb. he received the 1921 Nobel Prize in
Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law
of the photoelectric effect".

6. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire
on 14 March 1879.His parents were Hermann Einstein, a salesman and engineer,
and Pauline Koch. In 1880, the family moved to Munich, where Einstein's father and his
uncle Jakob foundedElektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie, a company that
manufactured electrical equipment based on direct current.
The Einsteins were non-observant Ashkenazi Jews, and Albert attended a Catholic
elementary school in Munich from the age of 5 for three years. At the age of 8, he was
transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium (now known as the Albert Einstein Gymnasium),
where he received advanced primary and secondary school education until he left
the German Empire seven years later.
In 1894, Hermann and Jakob's company lost a bid to supply the city of Munich with
electrical lighting because they lacked the capital to convert their equipment from the
direct current (DC) standard to the more efficient alternating current (AC) standard. The
loss forced the sale of the Munich factory. In search of business, the Einstein family
moved to Italy, first to Milan and a few months later to Pavia. When the family moved to
Pavia, Einstein stayed in Munich to finish his studies at the Luitpold Gymnasium. His
father intended for him to pursue electrical engineering, but Einstein clashed with
authorities and resented the school's regimen and teaching method. He later wrote that
the spirit of learning and creative thought was lost in strict rote learning. At the end of
December 1894, he travelled to Italy to join his family in Pavia, convincing the school to
let him go by using a doctor's note. During his time in Italy he wrote a short essay with
the title "On the Investigation of the State of the Ether in a Magnetic Field".

7. In 1895, at the age of 16, Einstein sat the entrance examinations for the Swiss Federal
Polytechnic in Zürich (later the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH). He failed
to reach the required standard in the general part of the examination, but obtained
exceptional grades in physics and mathematics. On the advice of the principal of the
Polytechnic, he attended the Argovian cantonal school (gymnasium) in Aarau,
Switzerland, in 1895–96 to complete his secondary schooling. While lodging with the
family of professor Jost Winteler, he fell in love with Winteler's daughter, Marie. (Albert's
sister Maja later married Winteler's son Paul.) In January 1896, with his father's
approval, Einstein renounced his citizenship in the German Kingdom of Württemberg to
avoid military service. In September 1896, he passed the Swiss Matura with mostly good
grades, including a top grade of 6 in physics and mathematical subjects, on a scale of 1–
6. Though only 17, he enrolled in the four-year mathematics and physics teaching
diploma program at the Zürich Polytechnic. Marie Winteler moved to Olsberg,
Switzerland, for a teaching post.
Einstein's future wife, Mileva Marić, also enrolled at the Polytechnic that year. She was
the only woman among the six students in the mathematics and physics section of the
teaching diploma course. Over the next few years, Einstein and Marić's friendship
developed into romance, and they read books together on extra-curricular physics in
which Einstein was taking an increasing interest. In 1900, Einstein was awarded the
Zürich Polytechnic teaching diploma, but Marić failed the examination with a poor grade
in the mathematics component, theory of functions. There have been claims that Marić
collaborated with Einstein on his celebrated 1905 papers, but historians of physics who
have studied the issue find no evidence that she made any substantive contributions.

8. When he turned 13, he discovered the violin sonatas of Mozart, whereupon "Einstein fell
in love" with Mozart's music and studied music more willingly. He taught himself to play
without "ever practicing systematically", he said, deciding that "love is a better teacher
than a sense of duty." At age 17, he was heard by a school examiner in Aarau as he
played Beethoven's violin sonatas, the examiner stating afterward that his playing was
"remarkable and revealing of 'great insight'." What struck the examiner, writes Botstein,
was that Einstein "displayed a deep love of the music, a quality that was and remains in
short supply. Music possessed an unusual meaning for this student."
Einstein's matriculation certificate at the age of 17, showing his final grades from the
Argovian cantonal school (Aargauische Kantonsschule, on a scale of 1–6, with 6 being
the highest possible mark)

9. 1879: Born in Ulm, Kingdom of Wurttemberg, German Empire
1884–1894: Attends Catholic primary school (3 years) and Luitpold Gymnasium (7
years) in Munich
1894–1895: In Pavia, Italy
1895–1896: Completes his secondary school with Swiss Matura at Argovian cantonal
school (gymnasium) in Aarau, Switzerland
1896: Renounces his Württemberg citizenship to avoid military service
1896–1900: Study at Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich
1901: Becomes Swiss citizen
1902–1909: Work at Swiss Patent Office in Berne, Switzerland
1902: His father Hermann dies in Milan, Italy
1903: Marries Mileva Marić
1905: Publishes four Annus Mirabilis papers
1905: Awarded PhD by University of Zurich, Switzerland
1907–1916: Develops general theory of relativity
1908–1909: Lecturer at University of Bern
1909–1911: Associate professor at University of Zurich
1911–1912: Full professor at Charles University in Prague
1912–1914: Regular professor at ETH Zurich

10. 1914: Moves to Berlin together with his family, few months later separates from his wife,
Mileva Marić, who returns to Zurich with their two sons (4 and 10 years old)
1914: Becomes a German citizen (actually a subject of the Kingdom of Prussia (German
Empire), 1918 implicitly converted to citizen of Free State of Prussia (Weimar Republic))
in addition to his Swiss citizenship
1914–1933: Member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences
1914–1932: Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin
1914–1917: Professor at the Humboldt University of Berlin
1916–1918: President of the German Physical Society
1919: Divorces Mileva Marić, and marries his cousin Elsa Rosenthal
1920: His mother Pauline dies at Albert's house in Berlin
1922: Receives 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics
1933: Renounces German citizenship (Weimar Republic) and emigrates to the United
States
1933–1955: Professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey,
United States
1936: His wife Elsa dies
1940: Becomes an American citizen in addition to his Swiss citizenship
1951: His sister Maja Winteler-Einstein dies at his house in Princeton
1955: Dies in Princeton

11. This is story is a part of the biography of Einstein
written by ‘Patrick Pringle’
The characters are:
 Albert Einstein
Mr. Braun - his history teacher.
 Yuri - his friend.
Dr. Ernest Weil - a neuro-specialist.
Mr. Koch –mathematics teacher.
Elsa-his cousin sister

12. Albert’s class was on the history teacher Mr. Braun asked Albert if the Prussians
defeated the French to Waterloo. Albert told him that he didn’t know and he must
have forgotten. This irritated the teacher. He asked Albert, why? Albert replied
that he didn’t see a point in learning dates. One could learn about them from
books. Ideas are more important than facts and figures. The teacher attributed to
Albert that he didn’t believe in education. He talked in a sarcastic manner. Albert
told him that education should be about ideas and not facts. The teacher said that
Albert was a disgrace to be there Albert felt miserable when he left the school that
afternoon.
He didn’t like this school. He would have to come to it again. He lived in a small
room. It was one of the poorest quarters of Munich. The landlady beat her children
regularly. Her husband came every Saturday and drank in the evening. He then
beat her. He didn’t like the children’s crying every time. He told these things to
Yuri. He hated the atmosphere of slum violence. Next time his cousin [elsa] came
to Munich. She told Albert that if he tried he could pass the examination. There
were more stupid boys than him. Moreover, passing the examination was not
difficult. It was simply just to be able to repeat in the examination that Elsa that he
was not good at learning things by heart. He liked music as it gave him comfort.
Albert didn’t like to remain in school. He met Yuri after six months. He had an
idea. He told Yuri that if he had a medical certificate that he suffered from a
nervous breakdown, he could get rid of school.

13. He asked Yuri if he had a doctor friend. Yuri told him that he had in Dr. Ernest
Weil. However, Yuri told him not to deceive him. He must be frank with him.
When Albert visited Dr. Ernest Weil he had really come near a nervous
breakdown. Dr. Ernest issued him the certificate. His fees were that he should
serve Yuri with a meal. Albert told Dr. Ernest about his future plans.
He would go to Milan. He hoped to get admission into an Italian college or
institute. It was possible from the comments of the Mathematics teacher, Mr.
Koch. Yuri told him to get a reference in writing from the Mathematics teacher
before going to the head teacher. Mr. Koch, the mathematics teacher encouraged
him.

14. Einstein’s matriculation certificate at the age of 17.the heading reads
“The Education Committee of Aargau”

18. On 17 April 1955 ,he experienced heavy internal
bleeding
Caused by rupture of an abdominal aorta.
He refused to undergo the surgery as he was preparing
for a television appearance commemorating the State of
Israel's seventh anniversary, but he did not live long
enough to complete it.
Einstein refused surgery, saying: "I want to go when I
want. It is tasteless to prolong life artificially. I have done
my share, it is time to go. I will do it elegantly."
During the autopsy, the pathologist of Princeton Hospital, Thomas Stoltz Harvey,
removed Einstein's brain for preservation without the permission of his family, in the
hope that the neuroscience of the future would be able to discover what made
Einstein so intelligent. Einstein's remains were cremated and his ashes were
scattered at an undisclosed location.

20. elsa, his cousin sister
Maja,einstein’s mother
and himself
maja