Alkaliphiles

ALKALIPHILES

1. Alkaliphiles DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY Sudhir K umar G upta B.Sc.(ZBC) DR.SHAKUNTALA MISRA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY ,LUCKNOW [2017-2018]

2. Introduction “Alkaliphile” is used for microorganisms that grow optimally or very well at ph values above 9 but cannot grow or grow only slowly at the near-neutral ph value of 6.5 pH dependency of Alkaliphiles and Neutrophiles. Neutrophilic growth Alkaliphilic growth

3. DEFINITION OF ALKALIPHILES  Alkaliphiles can be isolated from normal environments such as garden soil, although viable counts of alkaliphiles are higher in samples from alkaline environments. Several microorganisms exhibit more than one pH optimum for growth depending on the growth conditions, particularly nutrients, metal ions, and temperature.

4. Ingredient Amt (g/liter) in: Horikoshi-I Horikoshi-II Glucose 10 Soluble starch 10 Yeast extract 5 5 Polypeptone 5 5 K 2 HPO 4 1 1 Mg 2 SO 4  · 7H 2 O 0.2 0.2 Na 2 CO 3 10 10 Agar 20 20 Basal media for Alkaliphilic  microorganisms

5. ISOLATION OF ALKALIPHILES MICROCORGANISMS

6. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.December 1999 vol. 63 no. 4735-750

7. Requires alkaline pH and high salt concentration. Bacillus ,  Micrococcus Pseudomonas , and  Streptomyces  and eukaryotes such as yeasts and filamentous fungi Clostridium paradoxum, Amphibacillus xylanus

8. HISTORY OF ALKALIPHILES The discovery of alkaliphiles was fairly recent.  Only 16 scientific papers on the topic could be found when I started experiments on alkaliphilic bacteria in 1968 Only 16 scientific papers on the topic could be found when I started experiments on alkaliphilic bacteria in 1968.

9. REFERENCES Aono R, Ito M, Horikoshi K. Measurement of cytoplasmic pH of the alkaliphile Bacillus lentus C-125 with a fluorescent pH probe . Microbiology.  1997;14 3:2531–2536. KEL Y C.T.,FOGARTY W.M,(1978) Production and properties of polygalacturonate lyase by an alkalophilic microorganisms, Bacillus sp. RK9. Can. J. Micobiol .  24:1164–1172