Allergy

IT CREATES AWARENESS AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC REGARDING ALLERGY WHICH IS COMMON AMONG ALL & ALSO HELP THE PARAMEDICS & NURSING PERSONNEL TO ENHANCE THEIR KNOWLEDGE & HELP THE EDUCATORS TO TEACH THEIR STUDENTS REGARDING THIS COMMON PROBLEM.

1. ALLERGY By: SANJAY SIR GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING NEW CIVIL HOSPITAL SURAT

2. Definition Allergy is defined as an exaggerated immune response to the presence of certain foreign substances. The foreign substances that produce allergy are called allergens.

3. Causative Factors Atopic or Hereditary Host Defence Nature of the allergen Route of entry of allergen

4. Pathophysiology Allergic reaction occurs in two stages: Sensitivity Hypersensitivity

5. Pathophysiology

6. Signs & Symptoms

7. Diagnostic Tests Detailed History Thorough Physical Examination Common Allergy Tests

8. Common Allergy Tests Skin Testing Radio Allergy Sorbent Test (RAST) Fleuroenzyme Immuno Essay Test (FEIA) Pulmonary Function Test to diagnose asthama . Blood Essays for IgE levels.

9. Treatment Identification of specific allergen Control of environment Immunotherapy Desensitization

10. Nursing Management 1. Detailed history taking: When, Where, What, Why? 2. Identification of allergen 3. Health Education

11. Definition Also known as dermatitis. It is not a specific disease but a group of disorders with a characteristic clinical appearance.

12. Types of Eczema

13. Pathophysiology Exposure to allergens IgE antibodies production Release of histamine, cytokines, platelet activating factors Sign & symptoms appear

14. Typical Sites of Eczema

15. Characteristic Signs of Eczema

16. Clinical Manifestations

17. Stages of Eczema Chronic Stage Acute Stage Sub Acute Stage

18. Treatment Medications Topical corticosteroids Occlusives ,tar preparations, emollients etc. Systemic Medications like antibiotics and antihistamines

19. Nursing Management Assess the client with dermatitis for bathing habits, use of moisturizers, medication regiment, exposure to known allergens, environmental exposure. Hydrate the skin: Daily skin care that hydrates and lubricates the skin should be done. Remove Allergens: Allergens, food, aeroallergens and emotional stress