American Lit from a Phil Perspective.pptx

Historicizing American Lit

1. Historicization: American Literature from Philippine perspective History of the United States Chronology of American Literature

2. Significant Events in US History 1492 : Christopher Columbus lands in the Americas, marking the beginning of European exploration and colonization. 1776 : Declaration of Independence is signed, leading to the birth of the United States of America. 1787 : The U.S. Constitution is drafted and adopted, establishing the framework for the federal government. 1803 : Louisiana Purchase doubles the size of the United States, expanding its territory westward. 1861-1865 : American Civil War is fought between the Union (North) and the Confederacy (South) over issues including slavery and states' rights. 1863 : Emancipation Proclamation is issued by President Abraham Lincoln, declaring freedom for all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory. 1865 : Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, officially abolishing slavery. 1869 : Transcontinental Railroad is completed, connecting the east and west coasts of the United States. 1920 : Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, granting women the right to vote.

3. 1929 : Stock Market Crash triggers the Great Depression, leading to economic hardship throughout the country. 1941 : Pearl Harbor is attacked by Japan, leading to U.S. entry into World War II. 1945 : United States drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to the end of World War II. 1954 : Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision declares segregation in public schools unconstitutional. 1963 : March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, where Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. 1964 : Civil Rights Act is signed into law, prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. 1969 : Apollo 11 mission successfully lands the first humans on the moon. 1989 : Fall of the Berlin Wall symbolizes the end of the Cold War era. 2001 : September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, leading to the War on Terror. 2008 : Barack Obama is elected as the first African American President of the United States. 2020 : COVID-19 pandemic begins, causing widespread disruption and loss of life across the country.

4. ”As long as history will be written by hunters, lions shall never be glorified” "until the lions have their own historians the history of hunt will always glorify the hunter”

5. Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States offers a critical and provocative interpretation of American history, challenging readers to reconsider familiar narratives and engage with the voices of those often overlooked in traditional accounts.

6. Howard Zinn’s  A People’s History of the United States  has turned history on its head for an entire generation of readers, telling the nation’s story from the viewpoints of ordinary people—the slaves, workers, immigrants, women, and Native Americans who made their own history but whose voices are typically omitted from the historical record.

7. https:// www.gutenberg.org /files/38269/38269-h/38269-h.htm

8. Historical fiction genre of literature in which the narrative is set in the past, often featuring historical events, settings, or figures; story itself is fictional, it is typically grounded in historical context, with authors weaving real-life events and characters into their narratives; allows authors to explore themes, issues, and perspectives from the past while offering readers an immersive experience in a different time period

9. Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States challenges traditional narratives engages with marginalized voices Offers a counter-narrative to traditional accounts B ook is organized into several thematic chapters that highlight key moments and movements in U.S. history

10. 1: Columbus, The Indians, and Human Progress critiques the traditional narrative of Columbus's "discovery" of America, emphasizing the brutal impact of European colonization on Indigenous peoples 2: Drawing the Color Line examines the origins of slavery in America and the development of racial hierarchies that persisted throughout history 3: Persons of Mean and Vile Condition discusses the socioeconomic inequalities among early American settlers and the resistance movements that emerged in response 4: Tyranny is Tyranny explores the American Revolution from the perspective of ordinary people, highlighting class struggles and the limitations of the Revolution in addressing systemic injustices 5: A Kind of Revolution delves into the conflicts and compromises surrounding the drafting of the U.S. Constitution, emphasizing the preservation of elite interests and the exclusion of marginalized groups 6: The Intimately Oppressed focuses on the experiences of women in early America, highlighting their struggles for equality and autonomy

11. https:// lithub.com /we-all-know-columbus-didnt-discover-america-so-how-did-he-become-a-symbol-of-its-founding/

12. Columbus landed not at already European “discovered” India but, rather, on an island of what is now called the Bahamas. The thriving Indigenous residents informed him that to the north and south and east and west stretched a huge landmass, two massive continents teeming with cities and tens of millions of acres of farmlands that would come to constitute the major portion of humanity’s food production. The rapacious crusade-hardened mercenaries representing Christendom were skeptical, until some voyages later they reached the continent at Central America, which they named Cabo Gracias a Díos (Thanks to God Cape). Two decades later a Spanish army would possess the heart of that landmass, destroying the most populated city in the world at the time, Tenochtitlán , in the valley of México. October 12, 1492, is etched in the brains of many as the day of “discovery,” but the Indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere and of Africa and descendants of enslaved Africans regard the date as the symbol of infamy, domination, slavery, and genocide . Haitian historian Michel- Rolph Trouillot writes, “To call ‘discovery’ the first invasions of inhabited lands by Europeans is an exercise in Eurocentric power that already frames future narratives of the event so described Once discovered by Europeans, the Other finally enters the human world.” The concept of "discovering" America is complex and contested because indigenous peoples had been living in the Americas for thousands of years before European explorers arrived. Therefore, it's more accurate to say that America was encountered or explored by various peoples rather than "discovered" by any one individual.

13. https:// www.history.com /topics/black-history/slavery Hundreds of thousands of Africans, both free and enslaved, aided the establishment and survival of colonies in the Americas and the New World. However, many consider a significant starting point to slavery in America  to be 1619 , when the privateer The White Lion brought 20 enslaved African ashore in the British colony of  Jamestown ,  Virginia . The crew had seized the Africans from the Portuguese slave ship Sao Jao Bautista.  Throughout the 17th century, European settlers in North America turned to enslaved Africans as a cheaper, more plentiful labor source than indentured servants, who were mostly poor Europeans. Though it is impossible to give accurate figures, some historians have estimated that 6 to 7 million enslaved people were imported to the New World during the 18th century alone, depriving the African continent of some of its healthiest and ablest men and women.

14. 7: As Long As Grass Grows or Water Runs discusses the expansion of American territory and the displacement of Indigenous peoples through policies of settler colonialism 8: We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God examines the Mexican-American War and its consequences, including the annexation of territory and the perpetuation of imperialist ambitions 9: Slavery Without Submission, Emancipation Without Freedom explores the complexities of the abolitionist movement and the aftermath of emancipation, including the persistence of racial discrimination 10: The Other Civil War highlights the struggles of working-class Americans during the Reconstruction era, including labor strikes and grassroots movements for economic justice 11: Robber Barons and Rebels examines the rise of industrial capitalism and the resistance movements it sparked, including labor unions and populist uprising 12: The Empire and the People discusses American imperialism and its impact on both domestic and international affairs, from the Spanish-American War to interventions in Latin America

15. 13: The Socialist Challenge explores the rise of socialism in America and its contributions to progressive reforms and labor rights movements 14: War is the Health of the State examines the role of war in consolidating state power and stifling dissent, from World War I to the Cold War era 15: Self-Help in Hard Times discusses the grassroots organizing and mutual aid efforts that emerged during the Great Depression, challenging prevailing narratives of individualism and rugged individualism 16: A People’s War? critiques the mythologizing of World War II as a "good war," highlighting the injustices and contradictions within American society during wartime 17: "Or Does It Explode?" : examines the Civil Rights Movement and its legacy, emphasizing the ongoing struggles for racial equality and social justice 18: The Impossible Victory: Vietnam explores the Vietnam War and the anti-war movement, questioning the morality and efficacy of U.S. foreign policy 19: Surprises reflects on the enduring legacies of activism and resistance in American history, emphasizing the power of ordinary people to effect change

16. Daniel Burt's "The Chronology of American Literature" provides a comprehensive overview of American literary history, organized chronologically

17. Early American Literature Early American Literature, works from colonial times to the early 19th century Notable figures Anne Bradstreet, Jonathan Edwards, and Washington Irving 19th Century Literature period characterized by the emergence of romanticism, transcendentalism, and realism Key figures: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, and Walt Whitman

18. Late 19th and Early 20th Century Literature : period marked by literary movements such as naturalism, regionalism, and realism Authors featured might include Mark Twain, Henry James, Edith Wharton, Stephen Crane, and Kate Chopin. Modernism saw a significant departure from traditional literary forms and conventions Authors: T.S. Eliot, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, and Langston Hughes Mid-20th Century and Beyond mid-20th century onward, including the Beat Generation, the Harlem Renaissance, postmodernism, and contemporary literature Authors: Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, Toni Morrison, Sylvia Plath, and Philip Roth Regional and Minority Literature regional and minority literature, highlighting the contributions of African American, Native American, Latino/a, Asian American, and LGBTQ+ writers Genre and Theme-based Sections Overall, "The Chronology of American Literature" serves as a comprehensive reference guide to the diverse and evolving landscape of American literary production, offering insights into the historical, cultural, and social contexts that have shaped the nation's literature over time.

19. End To ponder: What events in US History are also considered significant in Philippine historicization? What are similarities in American and Philippine literary history?