AnaPhy | Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Division

REPORT | Zoology/ Anaphy- Summary of Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Division of PNS
PHARMA 1Y2-4 | Our Lady of Fatima University

Presentation Templates | Slides Carnival <3

1. The Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic & Parasympathetic NS

2. Organization of the Nervous System Nervous System Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Motor Pathways Sensory Pathways Autonomic NS Somatic NS Sympathetic NS Parasympathetic NS

3. Sympathetic Nervous System Fight-or-flight response 1

4. Sympathetic Nervous System is typically activated in stressful situations, and is often referred to as a fight-or-flight response . Originates in: Spinal cord, thoracic and lumbar spinal cord The sympathetic neurons release a neurotransmitter called norepinephrine, which has an excitatory effect on it’s target muscles. As well, the sympathetic nerves trigger the adrenal glands to release epinephrine and norepinephrine , both of which also function as hormones that activate the stress response.

5. At the same time, the sympathetic nervous system inhibits some areas of the body. For example: The skeletal muscles need a boost of energy. heart beats faster blood pressure increases *In order to run from danger: *Therefore, digestion slows down sphincter controlling the bladder constricts. * Some of these physiological changes in response to stress are detectable by lie detectors, or polygraphs. Polygraphs monitor changes in heart rate , blood pressure , breathing rate , and the sweatiness of palms , all of which tend to increase if someone is telling a lie

6. Parasympathetic Nervous System Rest-and-digest response 2

7. Parasympathetic Nervous System is activated when the body is calm and at rest. It acts to restore and conserve energy. Sometimes referred to as the rest-and-digest response . Originates in: Spinal cord & medulla The parasympathetic nervous system : slows the heart rate reduces the blood pressure promotes the digestion of food, and ; stimulates the reproductive organs by dilating blood vessels to the genitals. The parasympathetic system uses a neurotransmitter called acteylcholine, to control organ responses.

8. Parasympathetic Division Sympathetic Division Inhibits tears Dilates pupils Inhibits salivation Dilates air passages Speeds heart Stimulates liver to release glucose Stimulates adrenal secretion Inhibits activity of kidneys, stomach, and pancreas Decreases intestinal activity Inhibits urination Stimulates tears Constricts pupils Stimulates salivation Constricts bronchioles Slows heart Stimulates gallbladder to release bile Increases activity of stomach and pancreas Increases intestinal activity Stimulates urination

9. Any questions ? Thanks!