Anatomy and Physiology revision guide for HE

Subject overview for anatomy and physiology revision

1. Animals Inside and Out Revision

2. Learning Objectives Assessed Review the structure and function of the five main physiological systems in the body Discuss the role of the neuroendocrine system in the maintenance of homeostasis

3. Five main physiological systems Circulatory Respiratory Nervous Endocrine Excretory

4. Circulatory System Why? Diversity Structure and function of blood vessels Structure and function of the mammalian heart

5. Respiratory system Gas Exchange Why? 5 Major surfaces Diversity Link with lifestyle, activity and behaviour

6. Respiratory system Cellular respiration Equation Aerobic and anaerobic Mitochondria ATP Krebs Cycle

7. Metabolic Rate Basal, Standard and Maximum Postabsorptive Relationship between body mass and BMR Metabolic scaling

8. Nervous system Nerve Impulses and Synapses Cephalisation Brain evolution Brain structure and function Types of neurone Nerve transmission/Action potentials Synaptic transmission

9. Endocrine system and homeostasis Negative feedback loops Positive feedback loops Hypothalamus and pituitary Location and function of major endocrine glands Autonomic/Somatic system Sympathetic and parasympathetic system Thermoregulation Osmoregulation Glucoregulation

10. Excretory system Diversity of excretory systems Nitrogenous waste tactics – key functions Water loss Structure and function of the kidney