Anatomy of Abdomen.pptx

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1. AMOUD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY COURSE: HUMAN ANATOMY METHODOLOGY: PRESENTATION

2. Group two (abdomen) 1 Afnan Farah Elmi 2 Bilan Ibrahim Abib 3 Fadumo Saleeban Mahad 4 Gudon DeK Muhumed 5 Habon Dayib Abdirahman 6 H amda Mohamed Hussein

3. Abdomen of the Anatomy

4. objectives Definition Organs Function Important regions Muscles of Abdomen

5. PRESENTER 1

6. Abdomen Introduction The area of the body that contains the pancreas , stomach , intestines , liver , gallbladder , and other organs.

7. Cont …… Cylindrical chamber extending from diaphragm to the base of the pelvis, comprising of abdomen proper & the lesser pelvis

8. Cont …… Abdomen proper & lesser pelvis communicate with each other at the plane of inlet into lesser pelvIs (upper border of pubic symphysis, pubic crests, arcuate line of innominate bones, sacral promontary )

9. Organs The abdomen contains many vital organs: the stomach, the small intestine (jejunum and ileum), the large intestine (colon), the liver, the spleen, the gallbladder, the pancreas, the uterus, the fallopian tubes, the ovaries, the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and many blood vessels (arteries and veins ).

10. INTRO Pancreas : production of hormones that regulated blood sugar level Stomach : taked in food from the esophagus food pipe mixes it ,break it down ,and then passes it on to the small intestine in small portions Intestin: * digest food main function * carry messages to other part of the body * regulate body temperature * fighing germs Liver : storage of vitamins , cholesteroi excretes product called bile : this help to carry away waste products from the liver Callbladder : stores bire Spleen: control the livel of WBC,RBC and plateriets small cell S that form blood clats

11. * it removes any old or damaged red blood cells Uterus : nourish the developing fetus to birth , it located between the urinary bladder and rectum Fallopian tebes : channels for oocyte transport and fertilization Kidneys: removed walte and extra fluid from your body Ureters : trasport uhne from renal pelris into the bladder Pelvis: support abdominal organs , it is below abdominal cavity

12. Cont ……

13. PRESENTER 2

14. Functions of abdomen house to protect major viscera breathing changing of intra abdominal pressure. Urinary Digestive Reproductive system

15. Regions of the abdomen The abdomen can be divided into nine different regions based on their anatomical location. These include: 1:The right and left hypochondriac regions 2: epigastric region, which are located in the upper abdomen 3:The right and left lumbar regions 4: umbilical region are in the middle abdomen 5: The right and left iliac regions are in the lower abdomen 6: hypogastric region .

16. Muscles of the abdominal Your abdominal muscles have many important functions, from holding organs in place to supporting your body during movement. There are five main muscles: pyramidalis , rectus abdominus , external obliques , internal obliques , and transversus abdominis .

17. PRESENTER 3

18. Abdominal viscera Most of our abdominal organs, also called abdominal viscera, are a part of the digestive system . These include the stomach, the small and large intestine, the liver, gallbladder and pancreas.

19. Abdominal cavity The abdominal cavity is located between the thoracic cavity and pelvic cavity It is lined by the parietal and. visceral peritoneum. and the space between these two layers forms the. peritoneal cavity.

20. Cont ….. A cavity is lined by Peritoneum- Parietal peritoneum Visceral peritoneum Abdominal viscera can be intraperitoneal structures Retroperitoneal structures

21. PRESENTER 4

22. Diaphragm The diaphragm is a thin dome-shaped muscle which separates the thoracic cavity (lungs and heart) from the abdominal cavity (intestines, stomach, liver, etc.). It is involved in respiration, drawing downward in the chest on inhalation, and pushing upward in exhalation The diaphragm, located below the lungs , is the major muscle of respiration . It has three muscular parts (sternal, costal, and lumbar.

23. Cont ……

24. Abdominal wall An abdominal wall formed of skin, fascia, and muscle encases the abdominal cavity and viscera. The abdominal wall does not only contain and protect the intra-abdominal organs but can distend, generate intrabdominal pressure, and move the vertebral column.

25. Cont …. It is bounded superiorly by the xiphoid process and costal margins, posteriorly by the vertebral column and inferiorly by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament .

26. PRESENTER 5

27. Layers of the abdomen Skin.• Subcutaneous tissues (further divided into the more superficial Camper's fascia and the deeperScarpa's fascia ) • External oblique muscle . • Internal oblique muscle . • Transversus abdominis muscle . • Transversalis fascia . • Parietal peritoneum.

28. Cont ……

29. PRESENTER 6

30. Relation of abdomen to other organs 1 ) thorax : The abdomen is separated from thorax by the diaphragm.- Structures pass between the two regions through or behind the diaphragm.• 2 ) pelvis : Peritoneum of the abdomen is in continuous with that of the pelvis so, both the abdomen and pelvis cavities are continuous with each other- Urinary bladder and uterus can be enlarged and enter the abdominal cavity.

31. Cont …… •3 ) lower limb- The aperture between the inferior wall of the abdomen (inguinal ligament) and pelvic bone represents way of communication between the abdominal cavity and the lower limb . - Structures pass through this aperture:- 1 . the major artery and vein of the lower limb ; 2 . the femoral nerve 3 . Lymphatics . 4 . the distal ends of psoas major and iliacus muscles.

32. END