Anatomy Of Knee Joint.pptx

Anatomy of Knee Joint

1. Anatomy Of Knee Joint

2. Outline Introduction Stability of knee joint Stabilizing muscle capsule of knee joint ligament of knee joint Bursae around knee joint

3. Introduction Type of joint Fibrous or immobile joint Cartilaginous Or slightly moveable joint Synovial Joint

4. Type of synovial joint ball and socket joint Hing Joint Pivot joint Gliding joint Saddle joint Condyloid Joint

5. Knee joint The knee joint is the largest and most superficial joint It is hinge type of synovial joint Consists of 3 articulation Medial femorotibial articulation Lateral femorotibial articulation Femoropatellar articulation

6. Knee joint

7. Knee joint

8. Femur

9. Tibia

10. Tibia

11. Patella Is sesamoid bone Several ossifi cation centres appear at 3 years and fuse at puberty . A bipartite (or multipartite) patella is a common variant when the superolateral corner fails to fuse.

12. Patella

13. Stability Of knee joint The stability of knee joint depends on the strength and action of the surrounding muscle and their tendon The ligament that connect the femur and tibia the erect, extended position is the most stable position of the knee joint

14. Muscle For Stabilizing Knee Joint Quadriceps Femoris

15. Pes Anserinus Muscle

16. Ilio- tibial Tract

17. C apsule O f K nee J oint It is consisting of fibrous capsule and synovial membrane

18. Fibrous capsule Superiorly , fibrous layer attaches to the femur, just proximal to the articular margin of the condyles Inferiorly ,margin of the superior articular surface of tibia except where the tendon of popliteus crosses the bone Posteriorly, encloses the condyles and the intercondylar fossa. It has an opening to allow the tendon of popliteus to pass Anteriorly, the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament replace the fibrous layer

19. Synovial membrane Superiorly, it continuous with synovial lining of suprapatelar bursa Posteriorly, an anterior synovium reflection from the capsule covers the front and sides of the cruciate ligament , rendering them intracapsular but extrasynovial

20. Extracapsular Ligament Of Knee Joint 1 patellar ligament Receives the medial and lateral patelar retinacula play important role in maintaining alignment of patella

21. 2 lateral collateral ligament(FCL Tendon of popliteus separating FCL from the lateral meniscus Tendon of biceps femoris is split into two part by the FCL

22. FCL

23. 3 medial collateral ligament (TCL TLC are firmly attached to the medial meniscus The TCL , weaker than the FCL ,is more often damaged

24. TCL

25. 4 oblique popliteal ligament Is atendinous expansion derived from the semimembranosus muscle It strengthens the posterior aspect of the capsule

26. Arcuate Popliteal Ligament It arises from the posterior aspect of the fibula head ,passes superomedially over the tendon of the popliteus surface of the knee joint

27. Intra articular ligament 1 anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) Arise from the anterior intercondylar area of tibia to attach to the posterior part of the medial side of lateral condyle of femur Weaker than PCL Has relatively poor blood supply

28. 2 posterior cruciate ligament Arise from posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to attached to anterior part of the lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle

29. Menisci of the knee joint Are crescentric plates of fibrocartilage on the articular surface of the tibia that deepen the surface and play a role in shock absorption The coronary ligaments are portion of the joint capsule extending between the margins of the menisci and most of the periphery of the tibial condyle Transverse ligament of knee joins the anterior edge of menisci

30. Medial meniscus Mesial meniscus firmly adheres to the deep surface of TCL Is less mobile on the tibial plateau than is the lateral meniscus

31. Lateral meniscus Is smaller and more freely movable than the median meniscus Posterior meniscofemoral ligament joins the lateral meniscus to PCL and the medial femoral condyle

32. Bursae around knee joint They are found wherever skin ,muscle ,or tendon rubs against bone Four bursae communicate with the synovial cavity of knee joint Suprapatellar bursa Popliteus bursa Anserine bursa Gastrocnemius bursa

33. Reference Moore- clinically oriented anatomy Netter atlas Of human Anatomy Applied Radiologic anatomy

34. Thank you