ANATOMY OFTHE UPPER ARM.PPTX

showing the structure of one's human arm

1. ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR COMPARTMENTS OF THE ARM PROF. ANYANWU GE 1

2. THE ARM The arm is the part of the upper limb that extends from the shoulder joint to the elbow joint. The arm is divided into anterior and posterior compartments by extension of deep fascia which are called the medial and lateral intermuscular septa. 2

3. THE ARM The arm is the part of the upper limb that extends from the shoulder joint to the elbow joint. The arm is divided into anterior and posterior compartments by extension of deep fascia which are called the medial and lateral intermuscular septa. 3

4. Fascial Compartments of the Upper Arm •  The upper arm is enclosed in a sheath of deep fascia. •  Two fascial septa, one on the medial side and one on the lateral side, extend from this sheath and are attached to the medial and lateral supracondylar ridges of the humerus, respectively.

5. •  By this means, the upper arm is divided into an anterior and a posterior fascial compartment, each having its muscles, nerves, and arteries.

6. Contents of the Anterior Fascial compartment of the upper Arm •  Muscles : Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and brachialis. •  Blood supply : Brachial artery. •  Nerve supply to the muscles : Musculocutaneous nerve

7. Structures passing through the compartment 1. Musculocutaneous nerve 2. Median nerve. 3. Ulnar nerve. 4. Brachial artery. 5. Basilic vein.

8. Two types of movement occur between the arm and forearm at the elbow joint: flexion-extension and pronation - supination . The skeletal support for the arm is the humerus

9. Muscles of the Arm The anterior compartment of the arm contains three muscles- the coracobrachialis, brachialis, and biceps brachii muscles- The posterior compartment contains one muscle-the triceps brachii muscle.

10. Biceps Brachii

11. BICEPS BRACHI Origin – Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula – Short head: Coracoid process of scapula   Insertion – Tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of forearm

12. BICEPS BRACHI Origin – Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula – Short head: Coracoid process of scapula   Insertion – Tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of forearm

13. •  Nerve supply – Musculocutaneous nerve •  Action – Flexor of elbow joint – Weak flexor of shoulder joint – Supinator of forearm

14. Coracobrachialis

15. •  Origin – Coracoid process of scapula •  Insertion – Medial aspect of shaft of humerus

16. •  Nerve supply – Musculocutaneous nerve •  Action – Flexes arm – Weak adductor

17. Brachialis

18. •  Origin – Front of lower half of humerus •  Insertion – Coronoid process of ulna

19. •  Nerve supply – Musculocutaneous nerve •  Action – Flexor of elbow joint

20. Posterior Compartment

21. Triceps

22. TRICEPS BRACHI ORIGIN Long head : Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head : Upper half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus . Medial head : Lower half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus Insertion Olecranon process of ulna

23. TRICEPS BRACHI ORIGIN Long head : Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head : Upper half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus . Medial head : Lower half of posterior surface of shaft of humerus Insertion Olecranon process of ulna

24. •  Nerve supply – Radial nerve •  Action – Extensor of elbow joint

25. •  The nerve, like the artery, is therefore superficial , but at the elbow, it is crossed by the bicipital aponeurosis. •  The median nerve has no branches in the upper arm , except for a small vasomotor nerve to the brachial artery.

26. Next Lecture • Forearm….

27. Thanks