ANC Dept of OBG..........................,

advanced program

1. “AWARENESS
PROGRAMME” FOR
MOTHERS-TO-BE
Dept of OBG
Govt.MedicalCollege
Kannur

2. •GOD could not be everywhere and
therefore He made mothers
•No other relation in this world is as
beautiful, pure & selfless as that
between a mother and her child

3. Pregnancy
A female undergoes many changes when
she is pregnant

7. In this presentatation
•Symptoms
•Food & Diet
•Selfcare
•Medical care
•Exercise

8. SYMPTOMS

9. Nausea, Vomiting & Acidity
Common in first 3 month
Have freq small meals
Take medicines regularlyToast, biscuits to decrease nausea
Avoid oily food Drink plenty liquids

10. Constipation
Common in pregnancy
Avoid straining or sitting long time on a toilet.
Drink plenty water
Avoid fatty foodsEat grain, fruits, vegetables

11. Dizziness
Sit
Stand up slowly or
you may feel giddyTurn to a side

12. Backache -postures

13. Abdominal pain
•Upper abdominal pain, heart burn
•Round Ligament Pain
•Sacroiliac joint pain

14. URINARY PROBLEMS
•Frequency of Passing urine
•Urinary infections
•Escape of small amounts of urine during
cough, sneeze etc.

15. Leg cramps
•Occur suddenly
•Mostly in last months
•Massage area
•Point foot & toes towards face
•Increase calcium in diet, e.g. milk, milk
products
•Exercise regularly

16. Breast discomfort
•Tender & sensitive
•Aerola darker
•Increased breast size
•Check for inverted nipple
•Wear comfortable & supportive bra

17. Sleeplessness at night
•Decrease stress
•Avoid tea/coffee/aerated drinks
in evening
•Have a cup of warm milk before
sleeping
•Have a warm bath before
sleeping
•Do not sleep in afternoon

18. Itching & Stretch marks
•Heaviness, pressure or itching
sensation on tummy
•Coconut oil, Vit E oil or stretch
creams
•Stretch marks fade into fine
silvery medals of motherhood
•Also on breasts, bottoms, thighs

19. Avoid
Smoky atmosphere
Hard drinks
Smoking

20. Avoid
High heels
Soft drinks
Lifting heavy weights

21. Avoid Mental Stress
•Mental Stress in pregnancy can cause
behavioural problems in children upto 10
years of age.

22. Cravings
•Normal
•Do not eat unhealthy
food
•Do not eat road-side
food
•Eat frequent small meals

23. Mood swings
•Decrease stress
•Talk to friends &
relatives
•Explain your mood
changes to your spouse
•Read good books
•Listen to music
•Avoid horror movies,
depressing T.V. progs

24. Swelling of feet
•Do not keep feet hanging for long
•Rest legs on a stool/chair while sitting
•Keep a pillow below feet while sleeping
•Get urine tested
•Remove all jewellery

25. FOOD & DIET

26. Balanced diet
•You are the only source of food for your baby
• Diet should include
•Iron
•Calcium
•Proteins
•Vitamins

27. Proteins
Pulses, dal
Egg
Groundnut, channa, (chikki)
Milk, cheese,
dahi, paneer
Dry fruits
Meat, fish
Soyabeans, flour, tofu

28. Cereals
Mix different cereal &
pulses e.g. idli, dosa
Rotis-add soya/nachani
flour to wheat flour
Dalia
Make parathas by mixing
different flour like besan,
wheat or jowar e.g. mooli, gobi

29. Fruits & Vegetables
Rich in vitamins, fibre & minerals
2-4 servings daily 3-5 servings daily

30. Calcium
3 glasses of milk a
day in any form
Cheese
Curds
Paneer
Milkshakes
Buttermilk/lassi
Rasgulla

31. Calcium
Green leafy
vegetables
Pulses esp.
Ragi (nachni)
Fish

32. Iron
Green leafy vegetable-
chutney, soup, sabzi
Raisins
Jaggery - chikki
Pulses

33. Fats
•Oil, ghee & sweets in small quantity
•Fats help in absorption of Vit. A, D, E, K.
•1 tablespoon of ghee = 15gms = 135
calories
•Visible fat intake should be increased during
pregnancy and lactation to 30 gm & 45gm
resp.

34. Sweets
•Sweets in small quantity
•Avoid sugar, use jaggery instead
Avoid
tea/coffee,
cakes,
chocolates,
mithai
Have raisins,
chickoo,
honey, dates

35. Water & Salt
•Take 8 -10 glasses of water atleast
•Reduce salt intake -salt leads to high
blood pressure, swollen hands & feet
•Eat at regular intervals
•Do not fast or feast

36. Tips -Diet
•Use jaggery instead of
sugar
•Steaming is best
method of cooking
•Frying, reheating cause
loss of nutrients
•Do not use sugar
substitutes

37. Tips -Diet
•Avoid excess of oil/ghee in cooking
•Avoid excess of chilly & salt
•Avoid maida & sugar base products
e.g. cakes, bread, jam, jalebis
•Have a balanced diet
•Have frequent small meals

38. SELF CARE

39. When should you gain
weight ?
•1
st
trimester :1kg
•2
nd
trimester :5kg
•3
rd
trimester :5kg
•Total :11kg minimum

40. Cleanliness
•Trim nails regularly as they grow faster
•Bathe regularly -prevents infection
•Keep vaginal area clean
•Brush regularly after meals

41. Cleanliness
•Breast care -wear well fitting bra
•Wear low heeled shoes
•Do not wear tight clothes
•Wear clothes according to the climatic
conditions

42. Sex in pregnancy
•Depending on your health, speak to
your doctor
•Growing abdomen, increase breast
sensitivity –change position
•Avoid sex if you have
–Unexplained bleeding
–History of miscarriage or preterm labour
–Pregnant with twins or triplets
–Placenta previa
•Sexual intercourse or breast
stimulation can start labour

43. Work & Pregnancy
•Age (older mothers may have more problems)
•General health (anaemia, DM, high BP)
•Pregnancy progress (weight of the baby,
complications)
•Prior pregnancy problems (bleeding, preterm,
IUGR)

44. Work & Pregnancy
•Type of work you do (sedentary, tours,
sleep)
•Hours of work (regular, irregular)
•Work risk factors (travel, food habits,
stress, chemical)

45. Pregnancy & work
•Morning sickness
•Don’t skip meals
•Drink lots of water
•Moderate exercise
•Posture at work
• Plan timely departure
• Avoid taking stress
• Maternity Leave
• Getting enough sleep

46. Travel in pregnancy
•Avoid long journeys
•Avoid crowded transport
Safe in 4-6 months only

47. Travel-afterdoctors advice

48. MEDICAL CARE

49. Medications
•Folic acid in 1-3 months
•Iron & calcium supplement -from fourth month
onwards
•DHA and micro nutrients
•Injection tetanus toxoid
•Anti D in Rh negative mother

50. Blood Tests
•Hemoglobin
•Blood group
•Infection –STDs, TORCH, HIV, Hepatitis B
•Diabetes
•Fetal abnormalities
Urine Test - infection

51. Sonography
•Age of fetus
•Abnormalities
•Placenta site
•Due date
•Weight of fetus
•Sex determination
is illegal

52. Immunization
•Inj. T.T.
•2 doses
•After 3
rd
month
•4 weeks apart

53. Doctor visits
•Once every month upto 6 months of
pregnancy.
•Once every 15 days in the 7
th
& 8
th
month.
•Once every week in the 9
th
month.

54. Medical emergency
•Pain may occur regularly at repeated
intervals
•Leaking of watery fluids from vagina, even
if there is no pain
•Swelling of feet of hands
•Bleeding from vagina
•Decreased/Loss of fetal
movement

55. Labour pains
False Labour True Labour
Timing of
Contractions
Irregular, no increase in
frequency
Regular, 4-6 min
apart, increase in
frequency
Strength of
Contractions
Weak; not stronger with
time
Stronger with time,
feels vaginal pressure
Pain with
Contractions
Felt in the front only Starts in the back &
moves to the front
Position
Change &
Hydration
Contractions stop/slow if
youwalk/lie down/
change position/
increase fluid intake
Contractions continue
inspite of position
changes/ increase
fluid intake

56. EXERCISE

57. Exercise
•Walk
•Under Doctor’s guidance
•Yoga & Relax
•Prevent fall/accidents

58. പ്രസവം
രണ്ടുരീതിയിൽ
സാധാരണ പ്രസവം
ഓപ്പറേഷൻ (സിറസേിയൻ )

59. സാധാരണ പ്രസവം

60. ഓപ്പറേഷൻ
(സിറസേിയൻ )

63. What to expect in the labour
room
•Enema
•Ambulation
•Pain relief measures
•Assessment of Progress of labour
•Birth attendant

64. Cord blood banking

65. BEST WISHES FOR A HAPPY &
HEALTHY PREGNANCY

66. THANK YOU