animal husbandry.pptx

project report on animal husbandry

1. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 1

2. Submitting to_ Dr. Pinakin Patel professor S.M.C. polytechnic Submitting to_ Demonstrating by_ Bariya Mayur (4011120015) Meghani Srushti (4011120016) Nayi Harsh (4011120017) Patat Mayank (4011120020) Patel Jay (4011120022) Vasava Chirag (4011120042) 2

3. Introduction Infrastructure Cow breed Maintain cattle Equipment Nutrition and feed management Source of finance Government scheme Capital and working cost Products and its selling cost marketing conclusion Table Of Contents 3

4. 01. Introduction 4

5. Animal husbandry 5 The branch of agriculture that deal with the feeding, caring and breeding of domestic animal. Cattle farming Poultry farming Fish farming Bee keeping Goat and sheep farming

6. What is animal husbandry ? Animal husbandry refers to livestock raising and selective breeding. It is the management and care of animals in which the genetic qualities and behavior of animals are further developed for profit. A large number of farmers depend upon animal husbandry for their livelihood. Dairy products from animals like cows, buffaloes, goats, are rich sources of protein. Dairy farming is the agricultural technique concerned with the long term production of milk, which is then processed to obtain dairy products such as curd, cheese, yoghurt, butter, cream, etc. 6

7. It provides livestock production It is an indispensable part of the process of crop farming which significantly contributes to the household food security and community nutrition Animal husbandry provides some main products such as wool, skin, and mutton that are obtained from the sheep Milk is produced by cows, buffaloes, etc It provides a means to curb poverty through a rise in the household income Crop-farming is formed by an elemental part, the livestock production by participating in poverty elevation via increased income Importance of animal husbandry in India. 7

8. Start an animal husbandry business by following these  steps: Get Animal Husbandry Business Insurance Open a Business Bank Account & Credit Card Plan your Animal Husbandry Business Register your Animal Husbandry Business for Taxes Get the Necessary Permits & Licenses for your Animal Husbandry Business Define your Animal Husbandry Business Brand Create your Animal Husbandry Business Website Set up your Business Phone System 8

9. 02. Infrastructure 9 Cattle farming

10. Near local market for milk and its product. Avoid noise area. Available feed and veterinary hospital near locality. Avoid unnecessary crowd. Animal should be able to move freely in shed. When starting of cattle farm at large scale , farmer must be trained. For building cattle shed, give suitable environment to the cattle Easily transport product to the market. Should be cleaned regularly Avoid water logging land. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC 10

11. Item Length in meter( for 1 cow) Manger 0.6 Standing place 1.5 Gutter 0.4 Feeding passage 1.2 m on both side Milking place 1.2 Cattle housing 11

12. infrastructure Shed slope 20 to 30 % Length between Two pillar 17 ft . Cattle shed area 500 sqft . For 10 cow Open area on side floor Cement concrete Roof top Metal sheet, cement sheet 100 to 150 ft. 12

13. Cattle shed Location: 30 to 40 meters . Cement concrete, brick for manger . Width: Foundation material: According in the roofing material and environment Height: Grow trees for shadow North-south direction Fencing at all side and height upto 3 to 4 feet. Use iron pipes for fencing 13

14. 14 03 . Cow breeds

15. Breed characteristics of high yield dairy cows Attractive individuality with femininity, vigour , harmonious blending of all parts, impressive style and carriage Animal should have wedge shaped appearance of the body It should have bright eyes with lean neck The udder should be well attached to the abdomen The skin of the udder should have a good network of blood vesselsAll four quarters of the udder should be well demarcated with well placed teats. 15

16. This breed is also called as Bhadawari , Desan , Gujarati, Kathiawari , Sorthi , and Surati . Originated in Gir forests of South Kathiawar in Gujarat also found in Maharashtra and adjacent Rajasthan. Basic colours of skin are white with dark red or chocolate-brown patches or sometimes black or purely red. Milk yield ranges from 1200-1800 kgs per lactation. This bread is known for its hardiness and disease resistance 01. Gircow 16

17. Originated in Montgomery region. This breed otherwise known as Lola (loose skin), Lambi Bar, Montgomery, Multani , Teli . Best indigenous dairy breed. Reddish dun or pale red in colour, sometimes flashed with white patches.. The average milk yield of this breed is between 1400 and 2500 kgs per lactation. 02. Sahiwal 02. Sahiwal 17

18. It is also called as Wadad or Waged, Wadhiar . Originated from Southeast Rann of Kutch of Gujarat and adjoining Rajasthan ( Barmer and Jodhpur district). The gait of Kankrej is peculiar called as 1 ¼ paces ( sawai chal ). Kankrej is valued for fast, powerful, draught cattle. Useful in ploughing and carting. The cows are good milkers , yielding about 1400 kgs per lactation. 02. Sahiwal  03. Kankrej 18

19. originated from the northern parts of Netherlands, especially in the province of Friesland. Largest dairy breed and ruggedly built is shape and possess large udder. Breeds have typical marking of black and white that make them easily distinguishable. The average milk production of cow is 6000 to 7000 kgs per lactation. 02. Sahiwal  04. Holstein Friesian 19

20. Insemination 20 artificial insemination makes possible the mating of animals with great variations in body size with no injury to either of the animal. It is useful to inseminate the cows denying to stand or accept the bulls at the time of oestrum . Useful in maintaining the perfect breeding and calving records. There-are different methods : 1. speculum  method 2. vaginal method 3. recto vaginal metho

21. Symptoms of heat in cattle 21 The animal will be excited condition. The animal will be in restlessness and nervousness. The animal will reduce the intake of feed. The animals which are in heat will lick other animals and smelling other animals. The animals will try to mount other animals. Clear mucous discharge will be seen from the vulva, sometimes it will be string like the mucous will be seen stick to the near the pasts of  vulva. Milk production will be slightly decreased.

22. 4 . Maintanence of cattle 22

23. Provision of readily accessible fresh water and nutritionally adequate food as required. Provision of adequate ventilation and suitable environmental temperature Adequate freedom of movement and ability to stretch the body. Sufficient light for satisfactory inspection Rapid diagnosis and treatment of injuries and diseases Emergency provision in the event of breakdown of essential mechanical equipment Flooring which neither harms nor causes undue stress The avoidance of unnecessary mutilation. Good stockmanship is the key factor in the welfare of all livestock. 23

24. 5. Equipments 24

25. There is three main equipment are required for dairy farming Chaff cutter P ressure washer Milking machine 01 02 03 25

26. CHAFF CUTTER It is a machine used for cutting fodder. The fodder is fed into the machine and then it is gripped between two toothed rollers, which allow and pass it forward to a shear plate, where it is chopped into short lengths by rotating knives, mounted on a heavy flywheel. Then chopped fodder will drop from the machine. 26

27. PRESSURE WASHER Used for cleaning Floors in Dairy Farms and Farm Cleaning of Animals with Different Mild Pressurized water Spray Nozzle. Water Servicing of Farm Vehicles. Rust Proof Pump - Stainless Steel body with heavy casting. 27

28. MILKING MECHINE Milking machine is used to extract milk from dairy cattle. Milking is done with the help of a motor. The vacuum pump produces a suction that is transmitted by a pipeline to the milking unit. 28

29. 6 . Nutrient and feed management 29

30. Nutrition management in cow: Feeding a balanced diet Avoid overfeeding Providing abundant supplies of cool and clean water. Lactation period 300 days, in this period give 28 kg/day feed Cattle required five key nutrients: 1) Energy 2) protein 3) water 4) minerals 5) vitamins 30

31. includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, and sprouted grains and legumes. Roughage: These are rich in fiber; e.g., cowpea, berseem, etc. They are coarse and fibrous substances having low nutrient content. ... Concentrates: These are nutrient-rich and low on fibers; e.g., oats, maize, etc. It is low in fibers but contains relatively high proteins and other nutrients 31

32. Feed for cattle 32

33. 7. Source of finance 33

34. Finance Detailed project studies will be required for dairy schemes with high outlays. Capital asset purchases, such as dairy cows, shed construction, and equipment purchases, are examples of finance items. The cost of feeding for the first one or two months is capitalized and lent as a term loan. Subsidy: is 25% of investment. Loan : above 5 lakh to 10 lakh Rs. MCLR 2.90%(minimum interest rate) 34

35. R equirement of capital cost 35 Rs. Term loan 11,67,000 ₹ Own contribution 8,00,000 ₹ Total investment 19,67,000 ₹ Subsidy (25% of investment) 4,91,750 ₹

36. 8 . Government scheme 36

37. Support to Dairy Cooperatives and Farmers Production Organisation engaged in dairy activities (CS) Dairy Processing & Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF) (CS) Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (CS) National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) (CS) Livestock Health and Disease Control (LH & DC) scheme (CS) National Livestock Mission(CSS) Scheme programme 37

38. Government policy and support: The government should provide subsidies and minimum support prices (MSP) for livestock farmers to relieve financial pressure and distress. Incentives and loans at lower interest could be provided to farmers for establishment of livestock farms. This will also prevent the farmers from unorganised money market and loan sharks. Insurance for livestock should be provided to help the farmers financially in case of something unexpected. 38

39. 9 . Capital and working cost 39 This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

40. Equipment : Chaff cutter =50,000 ₹ Milk cane=12,000 ₹ ( 4 cane) Milking machine (2)= 2,30,000 ₹ Transport vehicle = 5,00,000 ₹ Othet cost = 2,00,000 ₹ 250 ₹ per sqft . 500Sqft.(0.05 ha) =1,25,000 ₹ Capital cost Cost of land : Cost of cows : O wn land 80,000 ₹ per cow 10 cow = 8,00,000 ₹ Construction : 40

41. Working cost 41 Cost / year Labour (2) 2,16,000 ₹ Medicine (10 cow) 10,000 ₹ Transport (10 Km) 1,00,000 ₹ Feed and nutrient(10 cow) 1,50,000 ₹ Power and water 1,00,000 ₹ Processing and packing cost 20,000 ₹ Other utility cost 50,000 ₹

42. 10 . Products and its selling cost 42

43. Main product Milk = 5 Gir =40 lit/day 5 Hf = 125 lit/ day, 37,500 lit /year 28 – 30 litre milk = 1 kg ghee Average 300 kg ghee/ year By product dung 10 cow=100 kg /day , 1800 kg/year manure (1.8 tons) dung cake of 50 kg = 25pcs./day 9000 pcs./ year Production 43

44. Product sell cost Milk Ghee Dung cake 1 lit. =HF 50 ₹ for 6 fat. 1 kg. = Gir 1800 ₹ Total ghee 300 kg/year = 5,40,000 ₹ Dung cake =150 ₹(5 piece) Total 9000 pcs. /year = ₹ 2,70,000 44 Total milk 37,500 lit/year = 18,75,000 ₹ Dung manure Dung manure = 1.8 tons use in forage farm

45. Financial efficiency 45 Rs. Require Capital cost 19,67,000 ₹ Working cost (year) 6,46,000 ₹ Total cost 26,13,000 ₹ Selling income (first year) 26,85,000 ₹ net profit (second year) 20,39,000 ₹ No profit for first year Second year income =26,85,000 ₹ - working cost profit = 20,39,000 ₹

46. 11 . marketing 46 This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

47. 47 Introduction : In this process activities include moving the goods from the point of production to the point of consumption. India has highest milk production in the world with annual production capacity about 156 million metric tons along with more than 4.67% per annual growth rate which contributes 5% to the national growth domestic product. India’s dairy sector is expected to triple its production in next ten years in view of expanding potential for export to the Europe and the west. there is tremendous scope for increasing the milk production to scientific dairy farming. In the India dairy cooperatives play a significant role in the production and marketing of a milk and milk product.

48. Who is the target market? Target markets for animal husbandry businesses vary depending upon a number of factors. When developing your business plan, conduct thorough research to identify local market needs. Approach markets, restaurants, and health food stores. 48

49. Milk marketing channels : 49 1. Producer ~ consumer 2. Producer ~ halwai / tea shop ~ consumer 3. Producer ~ milk vendor ~ consumer 4. Producer ~dairy co-operative ~milk plant ~ consumer 5. Producer ~ milk trader~processer~retailer ~ consumer 6. Producer-Dairy Cooperatives-milk transporter-processor-retailer-consumer

50. 50

51. Breed Management Feed Intested marketing Why dairy farm fail in india ? 51

52. How can we improve animal husbandry? There should be improvement of breeds, animal feed and nutrition, health management, better breeding policy, extension and training programme , rate of artificial insemination and proper dissemination of knowledge regarding livestock rearing among farmers. 52

53. 7 tips to start successful animal husbandry 53 1. Why ? 2. Training 3. Location 4. Financial arrangement 5. Induction of animal 6. marketing 7. Vision for future

54. Animals that help in labor such as draught animals are used in agricultural work. The waste generated from these animals can be used as natural manure to maintain soil fertility. It is the best source of employment. Animals that provide milk can be raised and managed with a good income to support a family. Agriculture waste can use as a feed for cattle in such area where the production is high and there is no facility to store. 54 HOW ANIMAL HUSBANDRY HELP TO AGRICULTURE SECTOR

55. 12 . Conclusion 55

56. CONCLUSION as quoted – “If the farmer is rich, then so is the nation”, upliftment and development of rural farmers will strengthen the economy and reduce the margin of income disparity among various sections of the country. India boasts a massive number of livestock population and manpower, thus, increasing the farmers income twofold is not impossible but definitely an uphill struggle. “A farmer is a magical machine who can convert the soil into home or crop”. A proper collaboration and harmony should exist between ministry, private sector, and farmers to tackle any grave situation 56

57. 57 Thank you